Foundations of Earth Science 8th Edition Test Bank

Name: Foundations of Earth Science 8th Edition Test Bank
Brand: Academic Documents Platform
Price: 17 USD
Availability: InStock
Author: James Carter

Foundations of Earth Science 8th Edition Test Bank provides targeted exam strategies, ensuring you approach each question with clarity and precision.

James Carter

Contributor

4.2

3 days ago

Preview (16 of 493)

1
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
Foundations of Earth Science, 8e (Lutgens/Tarbuck/Tasa)
Chapter 1 Matter and Minerals
1.1 Multiple-Choice Questions
1) Which of the following best defines the relationship between minerals and rocks?
A) A rock has an orderly, repetitive, geometrical, internal arrangement of minerals; a mineral is a
lithified or consolidated aggregate of rocks.
B) A mineral consists of atoms arranged in a geometrically repetitive structure; in a rock, the
atoms are randomly bonded without any geometric pattern.
C) In a mineral, atoms are bonded in a regular, repetitive, internal structure; a rock is a lithified
or consolidated aggregate of mineral grains.
D) A rock consists of atoms bonded in a regular, geometrically predictable arrangement; a
mineral is a consolidated aggregate of rock particles.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G2, G7
Section: 1.1 Minerals: Building Blocks of Rocks
Focus/Concepts: 1.1
ESLI: 1.2 Earth scientists use a large variety of scientific principles to understand how our
planet works.
2) All of the atoms making up any given element have the same number of ________.
A) electrons in the nucleus
B) protons in the nucleus
C) neutrons in the outer nuclear shell
D) electrons in the outermost valence shell
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G2
Section: 1.2 Atoms: Building Blocks of Minerals
Focus/Concepts: 1.2
ESLI: 1.2 Earth scientists use a large variety of scientific principles to understand how our
planet works.

2
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
3) Atoms that have an electrical charge due to a gain or loss of electrons are called ________.
A) ions
B) isotopes
C) isochrons
D) neutrons
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G2
Section: 1.3 Why Atoms Bond
Focus/Concepts: 1.3
ESLI: 1.2 Earth scientists use a large variety of scientific principles to understand how our
planet works.
4) When in contact with hydrochloric acid, which mineral gives off bubbles of carbon dioxide
gas?
A) quartz
B) halite
C) calcite
D) fluorite
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.2 Atoms: Building Blocks of Minerals
Focus/Concepts: 1.2
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
5) The appearance or quality of light reflected from the surface of a mineral is known as
________.
A) cleavage
B) luster
C) specific gravity
D) streak
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.4 Properties of Minerals
Focus/Concepts: 1.4
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

3
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
6) Which common mineral is composed entirely of silicon and oxygen?
A) calcite
B) diamond
C) olivine
D) quartz
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G2
Section: 1.5 Mineral Groups
Focus/Concepts: 1.5
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
7) Which of the following silicate minerals is the most abundant in Earth's crust?
A) pyroxene
B) olivine
C) garnet
D) feldspars
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.5 Mineral Groups
Focus/Concepts: 1.5
ESLI: 4.6 Earth materials take many different forms as they cycle through the geosphere.
8) Which of the following minerals is a silicate (a mineral containing a silicon-bearing ion)?
A) hematite
B) feldspar
C) calcite
D) halite
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.5 Mineral Groups
Focus/Concepts: 1.5
ESLI: 4.6 Earth materials take many different forms as they cycle through the geosphere.

4
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
9) Which one of the following mineral groups exhibits a sheet-like silicate structure?
A) carbonates
B) pyroxenes
C) micas
D) feldspars
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.5 Mineral Groups
Focus/Concepts: 1.5
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
10) The ion at the center of a silicon—oxygen tetrahedron is surrounded by ________.
A) 4 oxygen ions
B) 6 oxygen ions
C) 4 sodium ions
D) 6 sodium ions
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G2
Section: 1.5 Mineral Groups
Focus/Concepts: 1.5
ESLI: 1.2 Earth scientists use a large variety of scientific principles to understand how our
planet works.
11) The resistance of a mineral to scratching or abrasion is known as ________.
A) luster
B) cleavage
C) streak
D) hardness
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G2
Section: 1.4 Properties of Minerals
Focus/Concepts: 1.4
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

5
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
12) Imagine you are handed a mineral sample. It breaks with a conchoidal fracture but displays
no cleavage. It does not react with hydrochloric acid, is a light pink color, and has a nonmetallic
luster. It is harder than a streak plate, and has a specific gravity of 2.65. What mineral is it?
A) olivine
B) potassium feldspar
C) calcite
D) quartz
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Global Sci Out: G2, G7, G9
Section: 1.5 Mineral Groups
Focus/Concepts: 1.5
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
13) You are handed a sample of an unknown silicate mineral. Which two elements must it
contain?
A) silicon and oxygen
B) iron and silicon
C) carbon and hydrogen
D) silicon and sodium
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.5 Mineral Groups
Focus/Concepts: 1.5
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
14) What element is the most abundant in Earth's crust by weight?
A) carbon
B) chlorine
C) oxygen
D) lead
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.5 Mineral Groups
Focus/Concepts: 1.5
ESLI: 4.6 Earth materials take many different forms as they cycle through the geosphere.

Loading page 6...

6
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
15) Which of the following is a silicate mineral with a single-chained structure?
A) olivine
B) pyroxene
C) amphibole
D) mica
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.5 Mineral Groups
Focus/Concepts: 1.5
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
16) Due to the arrangement of weaker bonds in their crystal lattice, the tendency of certain
minerals to break along smooth, parallel planes is known as ________.
A) streak
B) cleavage
C) luster
D) crystal habit
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G3
Section: 1.4 Properties of Minerals
Focus/Concepts: 1.4
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
17) An atom's mass number is 13 and its atomic number is 6. How many neutrons are in its
nucleus?
A) 19
B) 13
C) 7
D) 6
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G2, G4
Section: 1.5 Mineral Groups
Focus/Concepts: 1.5
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

Loading page 7...

7
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
18) Three of the following are true for minerals. Which one of the following is not true for
minerals?
A) They have a specific, predictable chemical composition.
B) They have an orderly internal crystalline structure.
C) They can be identified by characteristic physical properties.
D) They can be a liquid, solid, or gas.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.1 Minerals: Building Blocks of Rocks
Focus/Concepts: 1.1
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
19) Which the following are the positively charged particles in an atom's nucleus?
A) protons
B) neutrons
C) ions
D) electrons
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.2 Atoms: Building Blocks of Minerals
Focus/Concepts: 1.2
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
20) Which of the following has the highest specific gravity?
A) styrofoam
B) water
C) halite
D) gold
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.4 Properties of Minerals
Focus/Concepts: 1.4
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

Loading page 8...

8
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
21) Which of the following properties would be least useful for identifying a sample of calcite?
A) reaction to hydrochloric acid
B) three planes of cleavage
C) white color
D) hardness of 3 on the Mohs scale
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Global Sci Out: G2, G9
Section: 1.4 Properties of Minerals
Focus/Concepts: 1.4
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
22) A cubic centimeter each of quartz, olivine, and native gold weighs 2.5, 3.0, and 19.8 grams,
respectively. These weights indicate that ________.
A) gold has a higher density and specific gravity than quartz and olivine
B) olivine melts at a higher temperature than either gold or quartz
C) gold is 6 to 7 times harder than olivine and quartz
D) gold and olivine qualify as silicates, but quartz would not
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating/Creating
Global Sci Out: G2, G4
Section: 1.4 Properties of Minerals
Focus/Concepts: 1.4
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
23) Which of the following silicate minerals forms from single tetrahedra?
A) biotite
B) quartz
C) potassium feldspar
D) olivine
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.5 Mineral Groups
Focus/Concepts: 1.5
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

Loading page 9...

9
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
24) If a mineral has a specific gravity of 3, it must be ________ times as dense as water.
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G2, G4
Section: 1.4 Properties of Minerals
Focus/Concepts: 1.4
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
25) ________ exhibits a conchoidal fracture.
A) Quartz
B) Halite
C) Gypsum
D) Calcite
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.4 Properties of Minerals
Focus/Concepts: 1.4
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
26) The ________ mineral group reacts to hydrochloric acid.
A) silicate
B) carbonate
C) halide
D) oxide
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.4 Properties of Minerals
Focus/Concepts: 1.4
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

Loading page 10...

10
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
27) An aggregate of one or more minerals is called a(n) ________.
A) atom
B) compound
C) ionic bond
D) rock
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.1 Minerals: Building Blocks of Rocks
Focus/Concepts: 1.1
ESLI: 4.6 Earth materials take many different forms as they cycle through the geosphere.
28) Biotite has which of the following types of cleavage?
A) cleavage in one direction
B) two directions at 90° angles
C) three directions at 90° angles
D) cleavage in four directions
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.4 Properties of Minerals
Focus/Concepts: 1.4
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
29) A mineral's resistance to breaking, bending, or cutting is defined as:
A) Fracture
B) Cleavage
C) Tenacity
D) Specific gravity
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.4 Properties of Minerals
Focus/Concepts: 1.4
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

Loading page 11...

11
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
30) ________ bonding is the sharing of valence atoms between a pair of atoms.
A) Ionic
B) Metallic
C) Hydrogen
D) Covalent
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.3 Why Atoms Bond
Focus/Concepts: 1.3
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
31) The most common group of minerals in Earth's crust are the ________.
A) oxides
B) carbonates
C) native metals
D) silicates
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.5 Mineral Groups
Focus/Concepts: 1.5
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
32) Feldspar minerals can look very similar to each other, what would you look for to
differentiate plagioclase feldspar from potassium feldspar?
A) striations on plagioclase feldspar
B) cleavage angles
C) hardness
D) crystal habit
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.4 Properties of Minerals
Focus/Concepts: 1.4
ESLI: 4.6 Earth materials take many different forms as they cycle through the geosphere.

Loading page 12...

12
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
33) If an atom has an equal number of electrons and protons, it would be considered ________.
A) electrically neutral
B) electrically positive
C) electrically negative
D) metallic
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Global Sci Out: G2, G7
Section: 1.3 Why Atoms Bond
Focus/Concepts: 1.3
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
34) Which of the following elements has the most valance electrons in its outermost shell?
A) carbon
B) nitrogen
C) oxygen
D) helium
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G2
Section: 1.2 Atoms: Building Blocks of Minerals
Focus/Concepts: 1.2
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
35) The ability of a mineral to transmit both light and an image in the mineral is described as
________.
A) opaque
B) transparent
C) translucent
D) cloudy
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.4 Properties of Minerals
Focus/Concepts: 1.4
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

Loading page 13...

13
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
36) The terms bladed, fibrous, cubic, and platy describe ________.
A) tenacity
B) mineral strength
C) crystal habit
D) density
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G1
Section: 1.4 Properties of Minerals
Focus/Concepts: 1.4
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
37) ________ is the study of minerals.
A) Paleontology
B) Mineralogy
C) Petrology
D) Tenacity
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G1
Section: 1.1 Minerals: Building Blocks of Rocks
Focus/Concepts: 1.1
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
38) Which of the following minerals comprises just one element?
A) diamond
B) halite
C) quartz
D) talc
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.5 Mineral Groups
Focus/Concepts: 1.5
ESLI: 4.6 Earth materials take many different forms as they cycle through the geosphere.

Loading page 14...

14
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
39) ________ is the powdered form of the mineral.
A) Density
B) Streak
C) Hardness
D) Crystal habit
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.4 Properties of Minerals
Focus/Concepts: 1.4
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
40) Limestone is most similar to the mineral ________.
A) quartz
B) gypsum
C) halite
D) calcite
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.1 Minerals: Building Blocks of Rocks
Focus/Concepts: 1.1
ESLI: 4.6 Earth materials take many different forms as they cycle through the geosphere.
41) Which of the following minerals would best be utilized for extracted iron to make steel?
A) hematite
B) dolomite
C) quartz
D) talc
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G2, G5, G7
Section: 1.5 Mineral Groups
Focus/Concepts: 1.5
ESLI: 4.6 Earth materials take many different forms as they cycle through the geosphere.

Loading page 15...

15
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
42) ________ is the softest mineral and ________ is the hardest mineral on Mohs scale.
A) Talc; topaz
B) Gypsum; quartz
C) Talc; diamond
D) Gypsum; diamond
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G7
Section: 1.4 Properties of Minerals
Focus/Concepts: 1.4
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
43) Which of the following minerals has a metallic luster?
A) quartz
B) galena
C) diamond
D) halite
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G2
Section: 1.4 Properties of Minerals
Focus/Concepts: 1.4
ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.
44) Most silicate minerals form from ________.
A) earthquakes
B) meteorite impacts
C) erosional processes
D) molten rock
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Global Sci Out: G2, G7
Section: 1.5 Mineral Groups
Focus/Concepts: 1.5
ESLI: 4.6 Earth materials take many different forms as they cycle through the geosphere.

Loading page 16...

13 more pages available. Scroll down to load them.

Preview Mode

100%

Study Now!

XY-Copilot AI

Unlimited Access

Secure Payment

Instant Access

24/7 Support

Document Chat

Document Details

Subject

Earth Science

Foundations of Earth Science 8th Edition Test Bank

Study Now!

Document Details

Related Documents

Geosystems: An Introduction To Physical Geography, 10th Edition Test Bank

Geography: Realms, Regions, and Concepts, 16th Edition Test Bank

Solution Manual for Earth: An Introduction to Physical Geology, 12th Edition

Solution Manual for Physical Geography Laboratory Manual, 12th Edition

Solution Manual for Exercises for Weather and Climate, 8th Edition

Applied Physical Geography: Geosystems in the Laboratory, 10th Edition Solution Manual

Solution Manual For Earth Science, 14th Edition

Solution Manual for Introduction to Seismology, 3rd Edition

Comprehensive Review for Exam 2: Middle America, South America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and North Africa/Southwest Asia

Understanding Earth Seventh Edition Test Bank

Company

Explore

Study Tools