Name: Liberty University INFT 101 Placement Test - English
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Liberty University INFT 101 Placement Test - English Correct Answers
Questions 2-11. Read each sentence and find the error in academic or formal English in each.
There is no more than one error in each sentence. Remember that academic or formal English
is the kind of English you are usually asked to write in class; sometimes there is a difference
between the way we write something and the way we say the same thing.
Neither the scientist or her research assistant expect to encounter any difficulty in obtaining funds for the project.
When we arrived in Montreal, we learned that a jazz festival had just began there.
Because Maria had ran so fast during the first part of the race, she was beginning to tire by the time she reached
the steep grade in the middle of the course.
When the leaders of the American Revolution sought foreign help, they logically turned to France and Spain, and
both countries responded favorable.
Elizabeth Gaskell's nineteenth-century novel North and South draws an extended contrast between the attractive
southern countryside of Britain with the grimy factory towns in the north.
Because the bamboo plant on which the panda feeds is now scarce, naturalists are worried about their chances of
survival.
After hearing Smith's surprising report, Detective Meng began to inspect that the witness had been lying.
Among the nonfictional works of James Baldwin are two volumes of essays that explore the relationship between
black intellectuals with
Like an iceberg, the Portuguese man-of-war conceals its most longest and most dangerous parts beneath the
surface of the sea.
Shoppers hunting for low prices will be able to find them at this sale; however, he or she should do some
comparison shopping first in order to recognize the true bargains.
Questions 13-18. Select the best version of the underlined part of the sentence. Choice (A) is
the same as the original sentence. If you think the original sentence is best, choose answer (A).
Select the best wording of the underlined part of the sentence. If you think the original sentence is best, choose
answer A
Martina Arroya, like Leontyne Price, are celebrated for opera singing.
are celebrated for opera singing
is a celebrated opera singer
is a celebrated singer for doing opera
are opera singers and celebrated for doing so
Because of the water shortage, the governor encouraged consumers to conserve the available supply.
Because of the water shortage, the
Due to having a water shortage, the
Because of the water shortage was why the

Due to the water shortage which was why the
Culture consists of all learned information and it is transmitted by generation to generation.
and it is transmitted by
that is transmitted from
being transmitted by
that they have transmitted from
As students who commute to campus, we feel that you should be excused from class when the weather makes it
hazardous for us to drive.
you should be excused
we should be excused
those should be excused
they should excuse us
If he would know about the seminar, Rafael would not have called the meeting of the Hispanic Students' Union
for the same evening.
If he would know
Not knowing
Inasmuch as he did not know
If he had known
The polarization of the Earth is not fixed; in fact, the north and south magnetic poles which have exchanged
positions five times over the last two million years.
poles which have exchanged positions
poles have exchanged positions
poles, exchanging positions
poles, their positions exchanged
Questions 20 and 21. These questions are designed to test your reading comprehension skills on a basic and
more advanced level. Read the passages below and mark the letter of the most correct answer. There are
no trick questions.
A free market describes a market without economic intervention and regulation by
government except to regulate against force or fraud. The terminology is used by
economists and in popular culture. A free market requires protection of property rights,
but no regulation, no subsidization, no single monetary system, and no governmental
monopolies. It is the opposite of a controlled market, where the government regulates
prices or how property is used.
The theory holds that within the ideal free market, property rights are voluntarily

exchanged at a price arranged solely by the mutual consent of sellers and buyers. By
definition, buyers and sellers do not coerce each other, in the sense that they obtain each
other's property rights without the use of physical force, threat of physical force, or fraud,
nor are they coerced by a third party (such as by government via transfer payments) and
they engage in trade simply because they both consent and believe that what they are
getting is worth more than or as much as what they give up. Price is the result of buying
and selling decisions en masse as described by the law of supply and demand.
Free market economics is closely associated with
laissez-faire economic philosophy, which
advocates approximating this condition in the real world by mostly confining government
intervention in economic matters to regulating against force and fraud among market
participants. Some free market advocates oppose taxation as well, claiming that the
market is more efficient at providing all valuable services of which defense and law are no
exception, that such services can be provided without direct taxation and that consent
would be the basis of political legitimacy making it a morally consistent system.
Which of these terms or ideas do you NOT need to understand ahead of time to be able to comprehend the meaning
of this passage?
Government intervention
Supply and demand
Free market economics
Force and fraud
Which of these principles or beliefs underlies free market economic philosophy?
The belief that buyers and sellers are best equipped to decide among themselves about what
is fair and equitable
The principle that taxation is unfair to citizens because it requires people to pay for services
that are used by others
The principle that governments are not to be trusted to handle their citizens' economic
transactions
The belief that all citizens should have equal rights in areas such as voting
Questions 23 and 24. These questions are designed to test your reading comprehension skills on a basic
and more advanced level. Read the passages below and mark the letter of the most correct answer. There
are no trick questions.
Romans 7:14-25: "14We know that the law is spiritual; but I am
unspiritual, sold as a slave to sin. 15I do not understand what I do. For
what I want to do I do not do, but what I hate I do. 16And if I do what I do
not want to do, I agree that the law is good. 17As it is, it is no longer I
myself who do it, but it is sin living in me. 18I know that nothing good lives
in me, that is, in my sinful nature. For I have the desire to do what is good,
but I cannot carry it out. 19For what I do is not the good I want to do; no,
the evil I do not want to do—this I keep on doing.20Now if I do what I do

not want to do, it is no longer I who do it, but it is sin living in me that
does it.
21So I find this law at work: When I want to do good, evil is right there
with me. 22For in my inner being I delight in God's law; 23but I see another
law at work in the members of my body, waging war against the law of my
mind and making me a prisoner of the law of sin at work within my
members. 24What a wretched man I am! Who will rescue me from this
body of death? 25Thanks be to God—through Jesus Christ our Lord!
So then, I myself in my mind am a slave to God's law, but in the sinful
nature a slave to the law of sin."
Which of these terms best describes Paul's mental state as he portrays it here?
He is dealing with a lot of unresolved anger.
He feels very guilty about a sin he has committed recently.
He feels that he is divided against himself.
He is upset because he has low self-esteem.
Why is Paul so frustrated?
He wants to do good, but he keeps on doing evil.
He feels stifled by the law.
Following God has turned out to be very difficult for him.
He is dying, and he feels like a prisoner in his body.
Read the paragraph below to answer the following four questions.
The foreboding city of Baghdad brings chills of fear that are only penetrated by its
transcendent sunsets. The rocky ground just beneath the barrel of my rigid M240B
machine gun is carefully scanned for explosives. Just beyond the rocks is the desolate
road which mocks my worries by providing the enemy a valued avenue of approach. The
brisk draft runs farther down my spine as I hear the eerie prayers shouted from rooftop
to rooftop. The hateful noise belongs to the cloaked black figures bowing in unison. In
the distance, beyond the menace, an exquisite array of colors pierces my doubts. Finally,
my chill is warmed by an orange sun falling slowly out of sight. The clouds dance just
above the sun. They remind me of the joy provided by my salvation. It is then I realize,
even in the valley of the shadow of death I find peace; the hand of God has painted a
magnificent sunset just for me.
What is the vantage point of the author in the passage?
On the ground
Standing behind a wall
On a rooftop above the city
In the barracks

Which sentence best uses tone to create an appropriate and highly effective picture of the author’s attitude towards
his surroundings?
They remind me of the joy provided by my salvation.
The hateful noise belongs to the cloaked black figures bowing in unison.
It is then I realize, even in the valley of the shadow of death I find peace; the hand of God has
painted a magnificent sunset just for me.
The rocky ground just beneath the barrel of my rigid M240B machine gun is carefully
scanned for explosives.
Identify the topic sentence of the paragraph:
It is then I realize, even in the valley of the shadow of death I find peace; the hand of God has
painted a magnificent sunset just for me.
The brisk draft runs farther down my spine as I hear the eerie prayers shouted from rooftop to
rooftop.
The foreboding city of Baghdad brings chills of fear that are only penetrated by its
transcendent sunsets.
In the distance, beyond the menace, an exquisite array of colors pierces my doubts.
Which sentence uses specific and detailed vocabulary to convey the theme?
Just beyond the rocks is the desolate road which mocks my worries by providing the enemy a
valued avenue of approach.
The hateful noise belongs to the cloaked black figures bowing in unison.
Finally, my chill is warmed by an orange sun falling slowly out of sight.
The foreboding city of Baghdad brings chills of fear that are only penetrated by its
transcendent sunsets.
Refer to the paragraph below in order to answer the following four questions.
In censorship, silence is not always golden. The word "censorship” means to
silence, limit, or repress information, whether in the media, through music,
artistic expression, political, social, theological, or educational information,
not within the norms of a particular mode of thought concerning those
particular standards that they each support. Rather, it is the control of
information showing itself in the form of a boycott, embargo, injunction,
restriction, and last but not least, “silence.” Censorship is not permission, a
green light, nor an allowance of complete self-expression. In today’s world, the
computer’s phrases: “to delete”, “empty recycle bin” or even “erase from the
hard drive” could mean censorship. Sometimes people confuse censorship
with the thought of limiting it to only a couple of types or that censorship is
always valid or deserving. Others think it only comes through a dictatorship
type of government. A few examples would be a court-imposed gag order: a
judicial judge signs a paper to put a hush order on the media, regarding

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information that can compromise a case. Still another example, would be by
taking the 5th Amendment, individuals can choose to remain silent because
the information may only serve to incriminate them. Consequently, it also
seems a means of protection for them. Churches have their own laws and
standards, some of which in ancient Biblical times even silenced women (1
Timothy 2: 11-14). In censorship, silence is not always golden, even secrets
between friends can be a form of voluntary censorship, or not!
In the passage, which of the following would not be a clear example of a supporting detail?
A few examples would be a court-imposed gag order: a judicial judge signs a paper to put a
hush order on the media, regarding information that can compromise a case.
Sometimes people confuse censorship with the thought of limiting it to only a couple of types
or that censorship is always valid or deserving.
Still another example, would be by taking the 5th Amendment, individuals can choose to
remain silent because the information may only serve to incriminate them.
Others think it only comes through a dictatorship type of government.
How could the following sentence’s redundant language be best corrected?
Sentence: Censorship is not permission, a green light, nor an allowance of complete self-expression.
Censorship is not permission or a green light, nor an allowance of complete self-expression.
Censorship is not a green light, nor an allowance of complete self-expression.
Censorship is not permission, nor an allowance of complete self-expression.
Censorship is not an allowance of complete self-expression.
How could the author achieve more credibility in this passage?
By addressing the audience using second person point of view
By using sources to support his/her main claims
By providing more details regarding the definition of censorship
By adding personal experiences
Which sentence’s tone and idea strays furthest from the point’s main argument?
The word "censorship” means to silence, limit, or repress information.
Churches have their own laws and standards, some of which in ancient Biblical times even
silenced women (1 Timothy 2: 11-14).
Censorship is not permission, a green light, nor an allowance of complete self-expression.
Rather, it is the control of information showing itself in the form of a boycott, embargo,
injunction, restriction, and last but not least, ‘silence’.
Read the paragraph below to answer the following four questions:
The wedding process is often trying; however, during my wedding planning, the easiest
and most essential aspect was choosing my gown. As soon as my husband proposed, I

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began purchasing wedding magazines for ideas, but most importantly, I used the
magazines in search of dress options. I narrowed my options down to local stores, which
had gowns closest to my style. Because department-sized wedding shops can be
intimidating, I made an appointment at a small, bridal boutique. I was allowed to choose
six gowns to take to the fitting room. In most bridal stores, the dresses are larger than
the average woman’s size; therefore, I had a difficult time envisioning myself wearing
most that I had chosen to try on. Yet, the first one I picked was similar to all the dresses
I envied in the magazines. I put this dress on and knew it had to be mine. I saw no
purpose in continuing with my search. It was evident that I had found the perfect gown
for my wedding. The preparation for a wedding can be difficult at times; yet, I found the
perfect dress to ensure a key element of my wedding day.
Which of the following details could the author have omitted because the information within the sentence is not
relevant?
Because department-sized wedding shops can be intimidating, I made an appointment at a
small, bridal boutique.
I was allowed to choose six gowns to take to the fitting room.
Yet, the first one I picked was similar to all the dresses I envied in the magazines.
All of the details are significant and should remain in the paragraph.
The author chose six dresses for the fitting room, but she bought the first dress she tried on. What might the
author’s purpose be in providing these details?
To explain the dress-fitting policies in bridal boutiques.
To prove how easy wedding dress shopping should be for all brides.
To describe the overwhelming task of dress shopping.
To emphasize how quickly she found the perfect dress.
In this excerpt from the passage, which of the following clauses are dependent:
(1)The wedding process is often trying; however, during my wedding planning, the easiest and most essential
aspect was choosing my gown. (2)As soon as my husband proposed, (3)I began purchasing wedding magazines
for ideas, but most importantly, I used the magazines in search of dress options. (4)I narrowed my options down
to local stores, (5)which had gowns closest to my style. (6)Because department-sized wedding shops can be
intimidating, (7)I made an appointment at a small, bridal boutique. (8)I was allowed to choose six gowns to take
to the fitting room.
1, 2, 3, and 5
1, 4, and 5
2, 5, and 6
5, 6, 7 and 8
From the Narrative passage, rewrite this sentence so it is using specific and detailed vocabulary.
Sentence: In most bridal stores, the dresses are larger than the average woman’s size; therefore, I had a difficult
time envisioning myself wearing most that I had chosen to try on.

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Many bridal stores have designer gowns that are larger than the average woman’s size;
therefore, as I tried dresses on, it was difficult to picture myself wearing many of the gowns I
chose.
Bridal stores have a lot of dresses that are bigger than most women’s sizes and are therefore
difficult to picture yourself wearing them because they are not my size.
It was difficult when I tried them on because they weren’t my size, but they did have a lot of
dresses there.
Many stores sell only larger sized dresses; therefore, I had a hard time imagining what I
would look like in them.
Read the paragraph below to answer the following four questions.
My life after marriage is a far cry from what it was before I married. As a single teenager
and the daughter of an evangelistic minister, traveling was a way of life. I packed in less
than thirty minutes for a journey of a few weeks to a month. I journeyed all over the
United States and some in Canada and Mexico. Now, I find myself hesitating to leave the
house to acquire groceries. My week usually consists of departing for church, which is
situated across the street. Once upon a time, I knew tens of thousands of people in all
the churches we visited; meeting new people as we traveled back to these places yearly.
Unfortunately, in my husband’s home town, I have found it difficult to even make new
friends or meet new people. Prior, traveling meant that I was surrounded by people all
the time. Currently, I spend most of my days alone, seldom leaving my bedroom except
to do chores or spend time with the kids. As a minister and minister’s daughter, I found
myself in church several days a week; ministering in each service to one degree or
another. In my husband’s home church I am seldom asked to minister, yet I still receive
calls from time to time asking me to minister in other churches. I do not like traveling
alone so I seldom accept many offers to minister outside my home church. This change of
lifestyle is the hardest transition of my adult life; from the life I had to the life I have.
In the passage, what method of organization does the author employ?
Subject by subject (discuss one subject then the other)
Point by point (two subjects are discussed side by side)
The author merely focuses on similarities
The author does not establish differences or similarities
Which of the following sentences signals contrast within the passage?
As a single teenager and the daughter of an evangelistic minister, traveling was a way of life.
Now, I find myself hesitating to leave the house to acquire groceries.
My week usually consists of departing for church, which is situated across the street.
I found myself in church several days a week, ministering in each service to one degree or
another.
What specific verb does the author overuse within the paragraph?
Transition
Minister
Leaving

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Spend
What specific sentence and word choice best describes the author’s feelings towards her current situation?
My life after marriage is a far cry from what it was before I married.
In my husband’s home church I am seldom asked to minister, yet I still receive calls from
time to time asking me to minister in other churches.
My week usually consists of departing for church, which is situated across the street.
I do not like traveling alone so I seldom accept many offers to minister outside my home
church.
Read the paragraph below to answer the following four questions.
There are basically three different types of boats, which can be somewhat overwhelming
to a potential first time boat buyer. The intended purpose a boat will be used for should
help determine the type of boat to be purchased. Stream boats are usually small, light,
and easy to maneuver from place to place. Most stream boats require only one operator
and are typically smaller making them the simplest to use. The next choice one might
consider is an inland boat; while an inland boat might be larger than a stream boat, their
size is still more maneuverable in smaller bodies of water and can be operated easily by
one or two operators in most cases. Most inland boats maintain a somewhat shallower
draw (draw is the amount of water required under a boat for it to float) allowing them to
maneuver in and out of shallower water. Finally, the last category is the deep-sea boat
class; these boats are made for the big, open water and are capable of withstanding
much larger waves. In most applications, a deep-sea boat can carry more passengers and
cargo than the smaller inland variations, making it the ultimate camper or getaway.
Boating is a great time, even when the fish are not biting pick the right size and kind of
boat and the fun is increased. So, to avoid feeling in over your head when buying a boat
for the first time, make certain to weigh the options of the different classifications of
boats; the first time boat buyer needs to assess the facts and various models to make the
best selection.
Which of the following phrases serves as an effective transitional phrase?
Most stream boats require
The next choice
Most inland boats
In most applications
What is the best way to revise this sentence to include more active voice?
Sentence: Boating is a great time, even when the fish are not biting pick the right size and kind of boat and the
fun is increased.
Boating is a great time, even when the fish are not biting; pick the right size and kind of boat
and the fun is increased.
Boating is a great time, even when the fish refuse to bite, but picking the right size and kind
of boat increases the fun.
Boating is a great time, even when the fish are not biting; if you pick the right size and kind
of boat, the fun is increased.

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Boating is a great time, even when the fish are not biting; pick the right size and kind of boat
and the fun is increased.
Which one of the following sentences contains a cliché?
The intended purpose a boat will be used for should help determine the type of boat to be
purchased.
Most stream boats require only one operator and are typically smaller making them the
simplest to use.
So, to avoid feeling in over your head, make certain to weigh the options of the different
classifications of boats.
There are basically three different types of boats, which can be somewhat overwhelming to a
potential first time boat buyer.
In the reading passage which of the following could interfere with comprehension?
The author has not described the three kinds of boats.
The author has used long sentences without using proper punctuation.
There is a grammar mistake in every sentence of the passage.
The passage does not have a concluding sentence.
Read the below paragraph to answer the following four questions.
Many features combine to create the perfect football experience; these features include:
the competition between the two teams, the fans, and the setting. The competition
between the two football teams brings everyone to the stadium for the game. These two
opposing and talented groups come prepared for the game, having practiced for weeks.
The chemistry created by the fierce athletes, driven to win, stirs up tension between the
two groups of fans, who come ready to cheer on their team. These eager and zealous fans
show their support through screams, standing, shouting, jumping up and down, and
blowing horns. Marching bands and cheerleaders also show their support. The marching
bands play different songs in the stands like “Hey, Baby” or “Go, Big Red!” The
cheerleaders cheer their hearts out to inspire the fans to get excited about the conflict on
the field. The football game setting also contributes to the perfect football experience.
The crisp, fall air inspires fans to wear sweatshirts and bring fleece blankets. The big,
blaring lights draw attention to the activity on the field, even in the dark of night. Warm
hot chocolate, hot dogs, and nachos add to the overall football experience. All of these
elements, the competition, the fans, and the setting, combine to create the perfect,
football experience.
The author’s main purpose is to
convince readers to attend a football game.
describe the things one might see at a football game.
explain the elements that make a football game a unique and enjoyable event.
illustrate why he enjoys outdoor sporting events more than indoor sporting events.
Which word(s) from the sentence below need(s) to be changed to correct an error in parallel construction?

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Liberty University INFT 101 Placement Test - English

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