Solution Manual For Elementary Statistics, 3rd Edition

Name: Solution Manual For Elementary Statistics, 3rd Edition
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Author: Jackson Roberts

Unlock the answers to every textbook problem with Solution Manual For Elementary Statistics, 3rd Edition, making studying more efficient and effective.

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iii
Contents
Chapter 1 Basic Ideas 1
Chapter 2 Graphical Summaries of Data 8
Chapter 3 Numerical Summaries of Data
Chapter 4 Summarizing Bivariate Data 79
Chapter 5 Probability 97
Chapter 6 Discrete Probability Distributions 111
Chapter 7 The Normal Distribution 129
Chapter 8 Confidence Intervals 159
Chapter 9 Hypothesis Testing 179
Chapter 10 Two-Sample Confidence Intervals 207
Chapter 11 Two-Sample Hypothesis Tests 226
Chapter 12 Tests with Qualitative Data 243
Chapter 13 Inference in Linear Models 258
Chapter 14 Analysis of Variance 284
Chapter 15 Nonparametric Statistics 302
42

Chapter 1: Basic Ideas
Section 1.1
Exercises 1 – 6 are the Check Your
Understanding exercises for this section.
Answers to these exercises are on page 12
of the text book.
Understanding the Concepts
7. population
8. sample
9. simple random sample
10. sample of convenience
11. cluster
12. stratified
13. False. In some cases it is difficult or
impossible to draw a sample in a truly
random way. In these cases, the best one
can do is to sample items by some
convenient method. A sample of
convenience is one way.
14. False. In a stratified sample, the
population is divided into groups, and a
random sample from each group is drawn.
15. True
16. True
Practicing the Skills
17. Statistic
18. Parameter
19. Parameter
20. Statistic
21. Answers will vary.
22. Answers will vary. Stratified sample
23. Answers will vary. Cluster sample
24. Answers will vary. Systematic sample
25. Stratified sample
26. Sample of convenience
27. Cluster sample
28. Systematic sample
29. Voluntary response sample
30. Cluster sample
31. Sample of convenience
32. Simple random sample
33. Stratified sample
34. Cluster sample
35. Simple random sample
36. Stratified sample
37. Systematic sample
38. Voluntary response sample
Working with the Concepts
39. It will be necessary to draw a sample of
convenience. There is no list of all
headache sufferers from which to draw a
simple random sample.
40. It is feasible to draw a simple random
sample of students from a list of all
students enrolled.
41. Answers will vary. A simple random
sample could be drawn from a list of all
registered voters in the town.
42. Answers will vary. A systematic sample
could be used in which every tenth item
was sampled.
43. Answers will vary. A stratified sample,
consisting of simple random samples of
100 men and 100 women, could be drawn.
44. Answers will vary. A simple random
sample of tax forms could be drawn.
Extending the Concepts
45. Answers will vary.

46. Let’s say we will sample every kth item.
This determines k − 1 clusters; the first
cluster consists of items 1, k + 1, 2k + 1, …;
the second cluster consists of items 2, k +
2, 2k + 2, …; and so on. Choosing a
systematic sample is like choosing one of
these clusters at random.
Section 1.2
Exercises 1 – 4 are the Check Your
Understanding exercises for this section.
Answers to these exercises are on page 18.
Understanding the Concepts
5. variables
6. qualitative
7. Quantitative
8. nominal; ordinal
9. discrete
10. Continuous
11. False. Quantitative variables describe how
much or how many of something there is.
12. True
13. True
14. True
Practicing the Skills
15. Qualitative
16. Quantitative
17. Quantitative
18. Qualitative
19. Quantitative
20. Quantitative
21. Qualitative
22. Qualitative
23. Qualitative
24. Quantitative
25. Ordinal
26. Nominal
27. Ordinal
28. Ordinal
29. Nominal
30. Nominal
31. Nominal
32. Ordinal
33. Continuous
34. Continuous
35. Discrete
36. Discrete
37. Continuous
38. Discrete
39. Discrete
40. Continuous
Working with the Concepts
41. Ordinal
42. Discrete
43. Ordinal
44. Quantitative
45. Nominal
46. Ordinal
47. (A) Game Title, System
(B) Release Year, Copies Sold
(C) System
(D) Game Title
48. (A) Movie Title, Genre
(B) Release Year, Ticket Sales, Running
Time
(C) Genre
(D) Movie Title

Extending the Concepts
49. (A) Ordinal
(B) Yes, it reflects a more favorable
opinion of the construction of a new
shopping mall.
(C) No, we cannot say that Jason’s
opinion is twice as favorable.
(D) Quantitative
(E) Yes, Brenda’s answer reflects the
ownership of more cars, and
specifically, the ownership of twice as
many cars.
(F) Nominal
(G) No, Brenda’s answer reflects neither
more of something nor twice as much
of something.
Section 1.3
Exercises 1 – 4 are the Check Your
Understanding exercises for this section.
Answers to these exercises are on page 26.
Understanding the Concepts
5. randomized
6. double-blind
7. observational
8. confounder
9. prospective
10. cohort
11. True
12. False. A confounder makes it harder to
draw conclusions from a study.
13. False. In a randomized experiment,
subjects are assigned to treatment groups
at random.
14. False. Randomized experiments are
generally more reliable than observational
studies.
15. True
16. True
Practicing the Skills
17. (A) Randomized experiment
(B) Yes, because the assignment to
treatments is made at random, there is
no systematic difference between the
groups other than the drug taken that
can explain the difference in pain
relief.
18. (A) Observational study
(B) No, because this is an observational
study, the results may be due to
confounding. For example, those in
the low-exercise group may be older
and have higher blood pressure as a
result of age.
19. (A) Randomized experiment
(B) Yes, because the assignment to
treatments is made at random, there is
no systematic difference between the
groups other than the amount of
exercise that can explain the
difference in blood pressure.
20. (A) The four types of fertilizer
(B ) Randomized experiment
(C) Yes, because the assignment to
treatment is made at random.

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