Solution Manual for Industrial Safety and Health Management, 7th Edition

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CHAPTER1SOLUTIONSTOEND-OF-CHAPTER EXERCISES1.1.Somestandardsarefrequently cited because these standards cover (1)areasinwhichindustries are having difficulty complying, or (2) areasinwhichenforcement agencies are giving a great deal of attention, orboth.1.2.Manyaspectsaboutthe standards might be useful. The text emphasizes theimportanceofthe"why" behind the standards that do exist.1.3.No.Itisanunattainable goal.Such a strategy fails to recognize theneedfordiscrimination among hazards to be corrected.1.4.(1)Hazardsthatarephysically infeasible to correct.(2)Hazardsthatare physically feasible, but are economicallyinfeasible,tocorrect.(3)Hazardsthatare physically feasible and economically feasible tocorrect.1.5.(1)Causesothermore serious hazards to be overlooked while reacting tolessseriousones.(2)Deterioratescredibility with top management.1.6.Asafetyhazardisacute, causes or threatens to cause injuries, and isusuallymoreobvious than a health hazard.Ahealthhazardischronic, causes or threatens to cause illness in thelongrun,andisusually more subtle than a safety hazard.1.7.Someexamplesafetyhazards:unguardedbelts, pulleys, gears, saws, and punch presses; fires;explosions;open platforms; defective ladders; welding near openflammableorcombustible materials; overloaded or defectivecranes,hoists, or slings; ungrounded electrical equipment;exposedliveelectrical conductors.Someexamplehealthhazards:coaldust,cotton dust, chronic loud noise, welding fumes,asbestos,vinyl chloride, lead fumes, mercury, manganese, cadmium.1.8.Somevalidexamplesare spray paint, coal dust, benzene, and carbondisulfide.1.9.Somevalidexamplesare noise, welding, and radiation.1.10.Healthhazardsareusually more subtle than safety hazards; theindustrialhygienist must look for "unseen" hazards.1.11.Safetyhazardsmayappear more grave, but there are probably many healthhazard-relatedillnesses and deaths which are not documented.1.12.Worktraining,statistics, job placement, industrial relations.1.13.Acomprehensivesafety and health program involves engineering, andplacementofthefunction within the personnel department may restrictauthoritytoomuch.1.14.ThisplacestheSafety and Health Manager in an adversarial position withenforcementofficials.1.15.CPSCconcentrateson the responsibility of the manufacturers of themachinesandequipment, whereas OSHA concentrates on the responsibilityoftheemployerwhoplaces the equipment into use in the workplace.1.16.(NSC)NationalSafety Council1.17.ANSI(AmericanNational Standards Institute)Preparesvoluntarystandards for occupational safety and health amongothertypesofstandards.OSHA adopted many ANSI standards early on,invokingitstemporary right to promulgate "national consensusstandards."

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