Test Bank for Elementary Statistics Using the TI-83/84 Plus Calculator, 5th Edition

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O NLINE T EST B ANK
L AURA I OSSI
Broward College
E LEMENTARY S TATISTICS
THIRTEENTH EDITION
Mario F. Triola

Contents
Chapter 1
Exam A……………………………………………………………………………………………………………...1
Exam B………………………………………………………………………………………………………...……5
Exam C………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…..9
Chapter 2
Exam A…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….13
Exam B………………………………………………………………………………………………………...…..24
Exam C………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…33
Chapter 3
Exam A…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….41
Exam B………………………………………………………………………………………………………...…..46
Exam C………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…51
Chapter 4
Exam A…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….56
Exam B………………………………………………………………………………………………………...…..60
Exam C………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…64
Chapter 5
Exam A…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….67
Exam B………………………………………………………………………………………………………...…..71
Exam C………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…75
Chapter 6
Exam A…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….80
Exam B………………………………………………………………………………………………………...…..84
Exam C………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…88
Chapter 7
Exam A…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….94
Exam B………………………………………………………………………………………………………...…..98
Exam C……………………………………………………………………………………………………………102
Chapter 8
Exam A……………………………………………………………………………………………………………106
Exam B……………………………………………………………………………………………………………111
Exam C……………………………………………………………………………………………………………116

Chapter 9
Exam A……………………………………………………………………………………………………………122
Exam B……………………………………………………………………………………………………………127
Exam C……………………………………………………………………………………………………………133
Chapter 10
Exam A……………………………………………………………………………………………………………141
Exam B……………………………………………………………………………………………………………148
Exam C……………………………………………………………………………………………………………154
Chapter 11
Exam A……………………………………………………………………………………………………………159
Exam B……………………………………………………………………………………………………………165
Exam C……………………………………………………………………………………………………………171
Chapter 12
Exam A……………………………………………………………………………………………………………177
Exam B……………………………………………………………………………………………………………184
Exam C……………………………………………………………………………………………………………191
Chapter 13
Exam A……………………………………………………………………………………………………………198
Exam B……………………………………………………………………………………………………………203
Exam C……………………………………………………………………………………………………………208
Chapter 14
Exam A……………………………………………………………………………………………………………213
Exam B……………………………………………………………………………………………………………223
Exam C……………………………………………………………………………………………………………231

1
Chapter 1 Exam A
Name
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) Determine whether the given description corresponds to an experiment or an observational
study. A stock analyst selects a stock from a group of twenty for investment by choosing the
stock with the greatest earnings per share reported for the last quarter.
A) Experiment B) Observational study
1)____________
2) Identify which type of sampling is used. The name of each contestant is written on a separate
card, the cards are placed in a bag, and three names are picked from the bag.
A) Simple Random
B) Cluster
C) Convenience
D) Stratified
E) Systematic
2)____________
3) Identify which type of sampling is used. To avoid working late, a quality control analyst
simply inspects the first 100 items produced in a day.
A) Systematic
B) Stratified
C) Convenience
D) Cluster
E) Simple Random
3)___________
4) An education expert is researching teaching methods and wishes to interview teachers from a
particular school district. She randomly selects ten schools from the district and interviews
all of the teachers at the selected schools. Does this sampling plan result in a random sample?
Simple random sample? Explain.
A) No; no. The sample is not random because teachers in small schools are more likely
to be selected than teachers in larger schools. It is not a simple random sample
because some samples are not possible, such as a sample that includes teachers from
schools that were not selected.
B) Yes; yes. The sample is random because all teachers have the same chance of being
selected. It is a simple random sample because all samples have the same chance of
being selected.
C) Yes; no. The sample is random because all teachers have the same chance of being
selected. It is not a simple random sample because some samples are not possible,
such as a sample that includes teachers from schools that were not selected.
D) No; yes. The sample is not random because teachers in small schools are more likely
to be selected than teachers in larger schools. It is a simple random sample because
all samples have the same chance of being selected.
4)___________
5) Identify the type of observational study used. A town obtains current employment data by
polling 10,000 of its citizens this month.
A) Prospective B) Retrospective C) Cross-sectional D) None of these
5)__________
6) Determine whether the given value is a discrete or continuous variable. People are asked to
state how many times in the last month they visited their family doctor.
A) Continuous B) Discrete
6)__________

2
7) Determine which of the four levels of measurement is most appropriate. Students’ grades,
A, B, or C, on a test.
A) Interval B) Nominal C) Ordinal D) Ratio
7)__________
8) A tax auditor selects every 1000th income tax return that is received. Identify which of these
types of sampling is used.
A) Stratified
B) Systematic
C) S i m p l e Random
D) Cluster
E) Convenience
8)__________
9) Determine whether the given value is a statistic or a parameter. Thirty percent of all dog
owners poop scoop after their dog.
A) Statistic B) Parameter
9)__________
10) Determine whether the given value is from a discrete or continuous data set. The time it
takes a computer to complete a task.
A) Continuous B) Discrete
10)__________
11) On a test, 74% of the questions are answered correctly. If 111 questions are correct, how
many questions are on the test?
A) 37 questions B) 67 questions
C) 150 questions D) 82 questions
11)__________
12) Researchers collect data by interviewing athletes who have won Olympic gold medals from
1992 to 2016. Identify the type of study.
A) Retrospective B) Cross-sectional
C) Prospective D) None of these
12)__________
13) A psychology student wishes to investigate differences in political opinions between business
majors and political science majors at her college. She randomly selects 100 students from the
260 business majors and 100 students from the 180 political science majors. Does this
sampling plan result in a random sample? Simple random sample? Explain.
A) Yes; yes. The sample is random because all students have the same chance of being
selected. It is a simple random sample because all samples of size 200 have the same
chance of being selected.
B) No; yes. The sample is not random because political science majors have a greater
chance of being selected than business majors. It is a simple random sample because
all samples of size 200 have the same chance of being selected.
C) No; no. The sample is not random because political science majors have a greater
chance of being selected than business majors. It is not a simple random sample
because some samples are not possible, such as a sample consisting of 50 business
majors and 150 political science majors.
D) Yes; no. The sample is random because all students have the same chance of being
selected. It is not a simple random sample because some samples are not possible,
such as a sample consisting of 50 business majors and 150 political science majors.
13)__________
14) Correlation does not imply _____________.
A) Linearity B) Bias C) Causation D) Significance
14)__________

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3
15) There are many potential pitfalls that can cause problems when analyzing data. Which of
these choices are not classified as a potential pitfall?
A) Order of survey questions B) Nonresponse
C) Self-reported data D) Measured data
15)__________
16) A management survey for a company surveyed 235 employees. 44.7% of the employees
surveyed were females. The number of males would be ___________________.
A) 130 B) 105 C) 13 D) Unable to determine
16)__________
17) What type of data values are quantitative and the number of values is finite or countable?
A) Interval B) Discrete C) Categorical D) Continuous
17)__________
18) A _______________ is the collection of data from every member of the population.
A) sample B) census C) placebo D) statistic
18)__________
19) A ______________ is the complete collection of all measurements or data collected, whereas,
a _____________ is a subcollection of members selected from the complete collection.
A) population; sample B) sample; population
C) sample; census D) population; parameter
19)__________
20) The four levels of measurement that are commonly used for classifying data are ratio,
________, ________, and ________.
A) interval, normal, ordinary B) nominal, ordinal, interval
C) nominal, ordinal, categorical D) normal, ordinal, interval
20)__________

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5
Chapter 1 Exam B
Name
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) Identify which type of sampling is used. A pollster uses a computer to generate 500 random
numbers, then interviews the voters corresponding to those numbers.
A) Convenience
B) Systematic
C) Cluster
D) Random
E) Stratified
1)____________
2) Determine whether the given value is a statistic or a parameter. After taking the first exam,
15 of the students dropped the class.
A) Statistic B) Parameter
2)___________
3) Determine which of the four levels of measurement is most appropriate. Students’ grades of
A, B, or C, on a test.
A) Ratio B) Ordinal C) Nominal D) Interval
3)___________
4) Determine which of the four levels of measurement is most appropriate. Level of satisfaction
of survey respondents.
A) Ratio B) Nominal C) Interval D) Ordinal
4)___________
5) Identify which type of sampling is used. A tax auditor selects every 1000th income tax
return that is received.
A) Stratified
B) Convenience
C) Random
D) Cluster
E) Systematic
5)____________
6) Determine whether the given description corresponds to an observational study or an
experiment. A political pollster reports that his candidate has a 10% lead in the polls with
10% undecided.
A) Experiment B) Observational study
6)___________
7) Identify the type of study used. A town obtains current employment data by polling 10,000
of its citizens this month.
A) Cross-sectional B) Prospective
C) Retrospective D) None of these
7)___________
8) Determine whether the given description corresponds to an observational study or an
experiment. A doctor gives a new medication to half of his patients with the flu and a placebo
to the other half of his patients with the flu.
A) Observational study B) Experiment
8)___________

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6
9) Identify which type of sampling is used. A research team wants to study the demographics of
college students in the U.S. using proportionate samples of students in majors reflecting actual
U.S. percentages .
A) Convenience
B) Cluster
C) Stratified
D) Simple random
E) Systematic
9)___________
10) A marijuana survey included 1610 responses from a list of approximately 241,500,000 adults
in the U.S. from which every 150,000 th name was surveyed. Identify which of these types of
sampling is used:
A) Stratified
B) Cluster
C) Convenience
D) Systematic
E) Simple random
10)___________
11) A gardener has 75 clients, 45% of whom are businesses. Find the number of business
clients.
A) 41 clients B) 34 clients C) 36 clients D) 73 clients
11)___________
12) A marketing firm does a survey to find out how many people use a product. Of the one
hundred people contacted, fifteen said they use the product. Identify the type of study used.
A) Experiment B) Observational study
12)___________
13) The similarity between an ordinal level of measurement and an interval level of
measurement is that _______________.
A) Both can be arranged in some order
B) Differences between data values cannot be determined or are meaningless
C) Differences between data values can be determined and are meaningful
D) Neither can be arranged in some order
13)___________
14) Which of the following does not apply to the ratio level of measurement?
A) Can be arranged in order
B) Differences between data values can be found and are meaningful
C) Cannot be arranged in order
D) There is a natural zero starting point
14)___________
15) Determine which level of measurement is appropriate. A sample of children’s balls are
classified from softest to hardest.
A) Interval B) Ordinal C) Ratio D) Nominal
15)___________
16) Determine which level of measurement is appropriate. Salaries of college professors.
A) Interval B) Ordinal C) Ratio D) Nominal
16)___________
17) Which of the following is an inappropriate way to deal with missing data?
A) Delete cases with missing data B) Substitute missing values
C) Determine if missing values are random D) Ignore missing data
17)___________

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7
18) In a cross-sectional study, data are _____________.
A) observed, measured, and collected at one point of time
B) observed, measure, and collected over a period of time
C) collected from a past time period
D) collected in the future from groups that share common factors
18)___________
19) Which type of experiment separates subjects into groups that are similar but differ in
ways that might affect the outcome of the experiment?
A) Completely randomized design B) Randomized block design
C) Matched pairs design D) Rigorously controlled design
19)___________
20) The good design of experiments includes blinding, _____________, and
__________________.
A) replication; voluntary response samples
B) internalization; randomization
C) replication; experimentation
D ) replication; randomization
20)___________

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9
Chapter 1 Exam C
Name
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
1) Form a conclusion about statistical significance. Do not make any formal calculations. Either
use the results provided or make subjective judgments about the results.
Last year, the average math SAT score for students at one school was 475. The headmaster
introduced new teaching methods hoping to improve scores. This year, the mean math SAT
score for a sample of students was 481. Is there statistically significant evidence that the new
teaching method is effective? If the teaching method had no effect, there would be roughly a 3
in 10 chance of seeing such an increase. Does the result have statistical significance? Why or
why not? Does the result have practical significance?
1)____________
2) Why do you think that cluster sampling is frequently used in practice? 2)____________
3) "38% of adults in the United States regularly visit a doctor". This conclusion was reached by
a college student after she had questioned 520 randomly selected members of her college.
What is wrong with her conclusion ?
3)____________
4) Subscribers of the women’s magazine Cosmopolitan are asked to participate in a survey about
preferred cereals for breakfast. Are the results likely to be representative of all women? Of all
subscribers of Cosmopolitan ? Why or why not?
4)____________
5) Given the data in the table, what issue can be addressed by conducting a statistical analysis of
the values?
Amounts of Saturated Fat (in grams) in Two-Once Regular and Low -Fat Muffins
Regular 4.5 3.5 3.7 5.2 4.9 3.9
Low-Fat 1.2 2.1 2.2 1.8 1.6 2.2
5)____________
6) At a school there are two different math classes for children of the same age. The two classes
have different teachers. The school principal is interested in gauging the effectiveness of two
different teaching methods and asks each teacher to try one of the methods. At the end of the
semester both classes are given the same test and the results are compared. In this experiment,
what is the variable of interest? Give some examples of variables which could be confounding
variables.
6)____________
7) A lawyer surveyed a simple random sample of his colleagues and asked them whether they
were left-handed or right-handed. Is this convenience sample likely to provide results typical
of all adults in the United States? Do convenience samples in general provide good results?
7)___________
8) Identify the sample and population. Also, determine whether the sample is likely to be
representative of the population. A study is interested in whether men and women are equally
likely to vote Democratic, Republican or Independent or not vote in a presidential election.
Results were polled through a popular news website.
8)____________
9) Distinguish between categorical and quantitative data. Give an example of each. 9)___________
10) Explain why using self-reported data instead of measured data is a potential pitfall in data
collection. Be sure to include an example.
10)___________
11) Explain the difference between stratified and cluster sampling. 11)___________

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10
12) The table shows the weights (in pounds) and monthly incomes (in dollars) of nine randomly
selected women between the ages of 18 and 65.
If we use statistical methods to conclude that there is a correlation (or relationship or
association) between the weights of women and their monthly incomes, can we conclude
that by increasing her weight a woman can increase her monthly income?
Weight (lb) 113 132 155 122 166 140 118 129 185
Monthly Income
(dollars) 1420 3650 5475 2310 4710 2910 1720 2460 4115
12)___________
13) A teacher was interested in knowing how much tax people pay in the United States. She
selected a simple random sample of her friends and asked them about their taxes. Is this
sample likely to be representative of all adults in the United States?
13)___________
14) Would an observational study or an experiment be more appropriate to investigate the
effects on humans of a substance known to be toxic? Explain.
14)___________
15) A coach uses a new technique in training middle distance runners. The times, in seconds, for 8
different athletes to run 800 meters before and after this training are shown below.
Does the conclusion that the technique is effective appear to be supported with statistical
significance? Does the conclusion that the technique is effective appear to have practical
significance?
Athlete A B C D E F G H
Before 115.2 114 116.4 119.8 110.9 112.4 111.5 117.3
After 112.9 112.7 114 120.6 109.1 109.1 107.9 113.4
15)___________
16) Why is cluster sampling frequently used in practice? 16)___________
17) Identify the sample and population. Also, determine whether the sample is likely to be
representative of the population. An employee at the local ice cream parlor asks three
customers if they like chocolate ice cream.
17)___________
18) Use critical thinking to develop an alternative conclusion. A study shows that the number of
reported sexually transmitted diseases was significantly higher for high schools that offered
courses in sex education than for high schools that did not. Conclusion: The introduction of
sex education courses at the high school level has resulted in increased promiscuity among
teens.
18)___________
19) Would an observational study or an experiment be more appropriate to investigate the effects
on fertilizer on plant growth? Explain.
19)___________
20) Explain what is meant by the term "confounding," and give an example of an experiment in
which confounding is likely to be a problem.
20)___________

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Answer Key
Testname: CHAPTER 1 EXAM C
1) No. The new mean SAT score is not substantially higher. Even if the new teaching method had no effect, a
small increase such as this could easily be seen just by chance. No. The increase is not sufficient to be of
practical significance.
2) Cluster sampling can save time and money and be more efficient, especially when the clusters are
geographically far apart from each other. If a study wants to solicit opinions from the homeless population, it is
more effective to choose a few selected towns and interview a significant number of homeless people in each
town rather than study a few homeless people in all towns. A significant and similar sample are identified in
each cluster. In this case, a study accessing the entire population through simple random sample would be too
big and expensive.
In stratified sampling, the population is divided into strata according to some variables that are thought to be
related to the variables of interest. A sample is taken from every stratum. There is not an identified variable of
interest in the homeless study.
3) The sample is biased. College students are not representative of the U.S. population as a whole.
4) No. Cosmopolitan attracts women with specific demographics and subscribers will not be representative of all
women, however, a sample well selected, will not be representative. No, this s ample will not even be
representative of all Cosmopolitan subscribers because it is a voluntary response sample - subscribers
themselves choose whether to respond. Those with stronger opinions are more likely to respond so the sample
is unlikely to be representative of all subscribers to the magazine.
5) Given the context of the data, we could address the issue of whether the two types of muffins provide the same
amounts of saturated fat, or whether there is a difference between the two types of muffin.
6) The variable of interest is the teaching method. Possible confounding variables are "skill of teacher" (is one
teacher better than the other?), "aptitude of students" (do the two classes have students of the same ability?),
"amount of study time" (does one class have students who are more conscientious?).
7) Yes. There is nothing about left-handedness or right-handedness that would affect being one of the lawyer's
colleagues. In terms of left- or right-handedness, a simple random sample of the lawyer's colleagues is likely to
be representative of all adults in the United States. Convenience samples in general do not tend to provide good
results as the sample is often not representative of a broader population.
8) Sample: the individuals who responded to the website poll; population: all voting age adults; not representative due
to being a convenience sample.
9) Qualitative data can be separated into categories that are distinguished by nonnumeric characteristics.
Quantitative data consist of numbers representing counts or measurements. Examples will vary.
10) Answers will vary. Using self-reported data may be inaccurate since people may want to represent
themselves in a certain way. For example, people often report that they weigh less than they actually do.
11) In both cluster sampling and stratified sampling, sub -groups (clusters or strata) are formed. However, in
stratified sampling, all strata are used and a sample is selected from each strata. In cluster sampling, a sample of
the clusters is first selected, then all members of those clusters are selected.
12) No. If a correlation (or relationship or association) is found, this doesn't mean that one variable is the cause of
another. Larger weights do not cause higher incomes, but tend to be associated with higher incomes because both
weight and income are associated with a third variable, age. Older women tend to be heavier and to have higher
incomes than younger women.
13) An observational study would be more appropriate. An experiment would not be appropriate because it would be
unethical to administer as a treatment a substance known to be toxic. However a retrospective observational
study, for example, could be carried out by examining records from the past and observing the effects where the
substance had been accidentally ingested.
14) No; The exam result of 53.7% is not substantially greater than 50%. Even if Charlie were just guessing, he could
easily do this well just by chance.
15) Yes. Almost all runners have considerably faster times after the training. Yes. The differences appear to be
substantial.
16) Answers will vary. Possible answer: Cluster sampling can save time and money and be more efficient, especially
when the clusters are geographically far apart from each other. For example, if a researcher wishes to interview a
sample of high school teachers in a school district, it will be easier to interview all the teachers at a few schools
than to interview a few teachers from many different schools.
17) Sample: the 3 selected customers; population: all customers; not representative.

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12
18) Sex education gives students information about sexual activities including the results of engaging in those
activities, such as pregnancy and disease . Promiscuous behavior is more about a lack of information. This
fallacy explanation is saying that since sex education is being taught in high schools, the teachings increase the
promiscuity of teenagers. This is completely false because yes the teenagers are learning how to have safe and
protective sex, but it’s up to them and how they choose to use that information about sex to alter the cause of
their promiscuity.
19) An experiment would be more appropriate..
20) Confounding occurs in an experiment when the effects of two or more variables cannot be distinguished from
each other. Examples will vary. One example is that of a school district that conducts a study regarding whether
the science laboratory approach or the computer simulation approach is better for learning chemistry among
seniors. A standardized achievement test is used to measure learning, and the results of the two schools are
compared. Unless controlled in the study, two confounding variables are teaching expertise and student
motivation.

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