Test Bank for Foundations for Population Health in Community/Public Health Nursing, 6th Edition (Chapters 1-32)

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Chapter 01: Public Health Nursing and Population HealthStanhope: Foundations for Population Health in Community/Public Health Nursing, 6th EditionMULTIPLE CHOICE1.Which statement best describescommunity-based nursing?a.A practice in which care is provided for individuals and families.b.Providing care with a focus on the group’s needs.c.Giving care with a focus on the aggregate’s needs.d.A value system in which all clients receive optimal care.ANS:ABy definition, community-based nursing is a setting-specific practice in which care is provided for “sick” individuals and familieswhere they live, work, and attend school. The emphasis is on acute and chronic care and the provision of comprehensive,coordinated, and continuous care. These nurses may be generalists or specialists in maternal–infant, pediatric, adult, or psychiatricmental health nursing. Community-based nursing emphasizes acute and chronic care to individuals and families, rather thanfocusing on groups, aggregates, or systems.2.Which statementbestdescribes the goal ofcommunity-oriented nursing?a.Providing care to individuals and familiesb.Providing care to manage acute or chronic conditionsc.Giving direct care to ill individuals within their family settingd.To preserve, protect, promote, or maintain health and prevent diseaseANS:DBy definition, community-oriented nursing has the goal of preserving, protecting, or maintaining health and preventing disease topromote the quality of life. All nurses may focus on individuals and families, give direct care to ill persons within their familysetting, and help manage acute or chronic conditions. These definitions are not specific to community-oriented nursing.3.Which of the following is the primary focus of public health nursing?a.Families and groupsb.Illness-oriented carec.Individuals within the family unitd.Health care of communities and populationsANS:DIn public health nursing, the primary focus is on the health care of communities and populations rather than on individuals, groups,and families. The goal is to prevent disease and preserve, promote, restore, and protect health for the community and the populationwithin it. Community-based nurses deal primarily with illness-oriented care of individuals and families across the life span. Theaim is to manage acute and chronic health conditions in the community, and the focus of practice is on individual orfamily-centered illness care.4.Which of the following is responsible for the dramatic increase in life expectancy during the 20th century?a.Technology increases in the field of medical laboratory researchb.Advances in surgical techniques and proceduresc.Sanitation and other population-based prevention programsd.Use of antibiotics to fight infectionsANS:CThere has to be indisputable evidence collected over time that public health policies and programs were primarily responsible forincreasing the average life span from 47 in 1900 to 78.6 years in 2017, an increase of approximately 60% in just over a century plusthrough improvements in (1) sanitation, (2) clean water supplies, (3) making workplaces safer, (4) improving food and drug safety,(5) immunizing children, and (6) improving nutrition, hygiene, and housing. Although people are excited when a new drug isdiscovered that cures a disease or when a new way to transplant organs is perfected, it is important to know about the significantgains in the health of populations that have come largely from public health accomplishments.5.A nurse is developing a plan to decrease the number of premature deaths in the community. Which of the following interventionswould most likely be implemented by the nurse?a.Provide free health care to all citizensb.To increase the number of individuals with access to effective health care benefitsc.Lower the cost of health care to the American populationd.To lessen the governmental burden of providing health care to AmericansANS:BThe central feature in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010 are the mechanisms to increase the number ofpeople with health insurance. The care provided is not necessarily free. While the cost of health care and the burden it places on theAmerican government are serious concerns, they are not the primary focus of ACA.lOMoARcPSD|13778330

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