Test Bank for LPN to RN Transitions, 5th Edition (Chapters 1-18)

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NTESTBANK FOR LNP TO RN TRANSITION 5TH EDITIONBY CLAYWELL LATEST 2023 GRADED A+ WITHEXPLANATIONChapter 01: Honoring Your Past, Planning Your FutureClaywell: LPN to RN Transitions, 5th EditionMULTIPLE CHOICE1.A nursing advisor is meeting with a student who is interested in earning her RN degree. Sheknows that licensed practical nurse/license vocational nurse (LPN/LVNs) who enter nursingschool to become RNs come into the learning environment with prior knowledge andunderstanding. Which statement by the nursing advisor best describes her understanding ofthe effect experience may have on learning?a.―Experiencemay be a source of insight and motivation, or abarrier.‖b.―Experienceis usually a stumbling block forLPN/LVNs.‖c.―Experience never makes learning moredifficult.‖d.―Oncesomething is learned, it can never be trulymodified.‖SELECTED ANSWER:AExperience accentuates differences among learners and serves as a source of insight andmotivation, but it can also be a barrier. Experience can serve as a foundation for defining theself.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ:Identify how experiences influence learning in adults.TOPIC: Adult Learning2.There is a test on the cardiovascular system on Friday morning, and it is now Wednesdaynight. The student has already taken a vacation day from work Thursday night so that she canstay home and study. She is considering skipping her exercise class on Thursday morning togo to the library to prepare for the test. Which response bestidentifies the student‘s outcomepriority?a.Exercise classb.Going to the libraryc.Avoiding work by taking a vacationd.Doing well on the test on FridaySELECTED ANSWER:DThe outcome priority is the essential issue or need to be addressed at any given time within aset of conditions or circumstances.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Identify motivations and personal outcome priorities for returning to school.TOPIC: Motivation to Learn

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a.―I‘llneed to schedule time to attendclasses.‖b.―I‘llhave to budget forpaying tuition.‖c.―I‘llhave to rearranging myschedule.‖d.―Thereis a possibility of advancement intoadministration.‖SELECTED ANSWER:D

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Driving forces are those that push toward making the change, as opposed to restraining forces,which are those that usually present a challenge that needs to be overcome for the change totake place or present a negative effect the change may initiate.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Identify motivations and personal outcome priorities for returning to school.TOPIC: Motivations for Change4.An RN is caring for a diabetic patient. The patient appears interested in changing her lifestyleand has been asking questions about eating better. The nurse can interpret this behavior aswhich stageof Lewin‘sChange Theory?a.Movingb.Unfreezingc.Actiond.RefreezingSELECTED ANSWER: BThe patient is in the first phase of Lewin‘s Change Theory, known as unfreezing. This phaseinvolves determining that a change needs to occur and deciding to take action. Moving is thesecond phase and involves actively planning changes and taking action on them. Refreezing isthe last stage, and it occurs when the change has become a part of theperson‘s life.DIF:Cognitive Level: AnalysisOBJ: Understand Change Theory and how it applies to becoming an RN.TOPIC: Change Theory5.An LPN is talking with her clinical instructor about her decision to return to school to becomean RN.The clinical instructor iNnterpretstheLPNsoutcome priority based on whichstatement?a.―Myfamily wanted me to go backto school.‖b.―Iwant to better myfinancial situation.‖c.―Ireally enjoyschool.‖d.―Iwould like to advance to a teaching rolesomeday.‖SELECTED ANSWER: BThe outcome priority is the essential need that must be addressed, determined by internal andexternal factors, such as needing to better a financial situation. The other statements indicatereasons for returning to school, but they are not essential needs or issues to be addressed.DIF:Cognitive Level: AnalysisOBJ:Identify how experiences influence learning in adults.TOPIC: Adult Learning6.A nurse notices a posting for a management position for which she is qualified. If the nurse isin the moving phase of Lewin‘s Change Theory, which statement reflects the action she ismost likely to take?a.Does nothing to obtain the positionb.Applies for the positionc.Identifies that change is neededd.Settles into the routine of her jobSELECTED ANSWER: B

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Unfreezing begins when reasons for change are identified. The moving phase involves activeplanning and action. Moving also meSELECTED ANSWER you are dealing with bothpositive and negative forces as they ebb and flow, and you are making modifications to yourplan as needed.Refreezing occurs after the change has become routine.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Understand Change Theory and how it applies to becoming an RN.TOPIC: Change Theory7.An Orthopedic Nurse is contemplating changes in her professional life and identifying goals.Which action should the nurse take if she is interested in pursuing a long-term goal?a.Studies for a telemetry exam scheduled for next weekb.Enrolls in a Nurse Practitioner programc.Attends a seminar to become a charge nursed.Continues to work on the orthopedic floor full-timeSELECTED ANSWER: BA short-term goal is one that can be attained in a period of 6 months or less. Short-term goalsinclude becoming a charge nurse and passing the telemetry exam. A long-term goal is attainedin greater than 6 months and includes studying to become a Nurse Practitioner. Continuing towork on the orthopedic floor does not represent either a short-term or a long-term goal.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Identify both short- and long-term personal and professional goals.TOPIC: Setting Goals8.The RN is talking with the unit manager about ways to improve patient care. The managerintroducesthe concept of a cohNort. Whichstatement by the RNindicatesthat the teachinghasbeen effective?a.―Acohort is a webof connections‖.b.―Acohort is a group of people who share common experiences with eachother‖.c.―Acohort is a group linked together for commonpurposes‖.d.―Acohort consists of groups of individuals that make up awhole‖.SELECTED ANSWER: BA cohort is a group of people who share common experiences with each other. A scheme is aweb of connections, a team is a group linked together for common purposes, and a unitconsists of groups or individuals that make up a whole.DIF:Cognitive Level: EvaluationOBJ:Identify how experiences influence learning in adults.TOPIC: Adult Learning9.The nurse educator is presenting a lecture to a group of new RNs. Which statement by one ofthe RNs indicates that teaching has been effective?a.―Experienceis a stepping stone to newlearning‖.b.―Experiencecan be a barrier to newlearning‖.c.―Experiencecan be an avenue to newlearning‖.d.―Experience can be a detour to newlearning‖.SELECTED ANSWER: BExperience accentuates differences among learners, serves as a source of insight andmotivation, can be a barrier to new learning, and serves as a foundation for defining the self.

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DIF:Cognitive Level: EvaluationOBJ: Identify motivations and personal outcome priorities for returning to school.TOPIC: Adult Learning10.The nurse educator is presenting a lecture on experience and learning to a group of RNs.Which statement by one of the RNs indicates that teaching has been effective?a.―Experiencesalways help educationalendeavors‖.b.―Theprocess of unlearning is easier than the initiallearning‖.c.―Learningcan often be more difficult if previous knowledge iscontradicted‖.d.―Experiencesrarely serve the student in the learningprocess‖.SELECTED ANSWER: CExperiences may either help or hinder both present and future educational endeavors(Knowles et al., 2015). Experience may serve as a chain to which new learning may be linked,making concepts understandable within your personal context. Conversely, some experiencesmake learning more difficult in that new information may contradict previously acceptedinformation and make it necessary to unlearn it. The process of unlearning is more difficultthan initial learning.DIF:Cognitive Level: EvaluationOBJ:Delineate both positive and negative effect experiences.TOPIC: Adult LearningMULTIPLE RESPONSE1.A student nurse and the staff RN are discussing recent changes on the nursing unit. Which ofthe following are examples of cNhange processes? (Select all that apply.)a.Coerciveb.Collaborativec.Technocraticd.Plannede.OrganizedSELECTED ANSWER: A, C, DCoercive is a type of change that is forced or pushed on another. A decision for change madeby the most knowledgeable person is known as technocratic. Planned change involves carefulthought and decision-making. Collaborative and organized are not considered to be types ofchange.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Understand Change Theory and how it applies to becoming an RN.TOPIC: Change Theory

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NChapter 02: Assessing Yourself and Designing SuccessClaywell: LPN to RN TrSELECTED ANSWERitions,5th EditionMULTIPLE CHOICE1.After a particularly challenging examination, a student is overheard in the hallwayexclaiming,―Thatinstructor just grades too hard! She only gave me a B on thetest!‖Thisstudent is exhibiting traits of a(n)a.external locus of control.b.internal locus of control.c.perfectionist.d.realist.SELECTED ANSWER:APersons with an external locus of control often do not take responsibility for what happens tothem. Persons with an internal locus of control take responsibility for what happens to them.A perfectionist strives for perfection in all that he or she does, which is a self-defeatingbehavior. A realist accepts the world as it is and handles it accordingly.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Interpret the role of locus of control on personal empowerment.TOPIC: Locus of Control2.A student must come back to the learning laboratory to repeat the skills and check forinsertion of a nasogastric tube. The instructor overhears the studentsaying, ―Iknow I can dothis, I know Ican do this!‖The instructor interprets this behavior asa.a self-defeating behavior.b.positive self-talk.c.perfectionism.d.blaming.SELECTED ANSWER:BThe student is expressing positive self-talk by telling herself, ―I know I can do this.‖ Stating ―Ican‘t do this‖ is an example of a self-defeating behavior. A student expecting to perform tasksperfectly is striving for perfectionism. Blaming is not occurring here because the student istaking responsibility for his/her own actions.DIF:Cognitive Level: AnalysisOBJ: Explain the impact of positive self-talk.TOPIC: Self-Talk3.A clinical instructor notices that one of her students worries a lot, expects negative outcomesfor most situations, strives for perfection, and seems to look for the tiniest faults in her work.The clinical instructor interprets these behaviors asa.commitment to learning.b.assuming an external locus of control.c.self-directedness.d.self-defeating behaviors.SELECTED ANSWER: D

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The student may be committed to learning, but she is showing signs of self-defeatingbehaviors. Self-defeating behaviors include pessimism, nit-picking, worrying, perfectionism,and blaming. Assuming an external locus of control meSELECTED ANSWER believingthat action or inaction lies outside of oneself. Assuming ownership of learning defines self-directedness.DIF:Cognitive Level: AnalysisOBJ: Describe self-defeating behaviors.TOPIC: Self-Defeating Behaviors and Empowerment4.A nursing professor is grading an assignment on self-defeating behavior. The professor canexpect to find which statement written by the student who has a good understanding ofperfectionism?a.Perfection is impossible to attain, and therefore constantly falling short ofperfection leads to negative feelings and beliefs about oneself.b.Perfection is the ultimate goal, and it is not a self-defeating behavior to demand itof oneself.c.Perfectionism is the only meSELECTED ANSWER by which we can truly improve.d.Perfectionism is a character flaw and cannot be addressed.SELECTED ANSWER: APerfection is impossible to obtain. Students who strive for perfection set themselves up fornegative feelings and beliefs about themselves.DIF:Cognitive Level: AnalysisOBJ: Describe self-defeating behaviors.TOPIC: Self-Defeating Behaviors5.The nurse understands that there are four key habits for managing the work of success. Whichaction by the nurse demonstrates her understanding?a.Participating in a yoga clasNsb.Analyzing case studies on her day offc.Taking time at the beginning of the work shift to make a plan for her dayd.Setting short- and long-term goalsSELECTED ANSWER: CThe nurse understands that there are four key habits of success when she makes a plan for herday. Joining a yoga class, analyzing case studies, and setting short- and long-term goals arenot defined as one of the four key habits.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Explain four key work habits that contribute to success.TOPIC: Managing the Work of Success6.A student has a large reading assignment that must be completed in order to be prepared forthe next class. Which action by the student would be ineffective in the planning process?a.Put off the assignment until later so more content is remembered.b.Examine your schedule to determine time frames for study sessions.c.Determine a study environment fitting your learning style.d.Divide the assignment into manageable chunks, and take notes as you read.SELECTED ANSWER: AThe time to begin to plan how to accomplish an assignment is the moment one is made awareof the assignment.

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DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Explain four key work habits that contribute to success.TOPIC: Managing the Work of Success7.The roommate of a nursing student buys tickets to thestudent‘sfavorite play. The studentrealizes that the play is the night before her final exam. When the student turns down thetickets, the roommate interprets thestudent‘sdedication to school asa.dedication to the plan until other mounting responsibilities interfere.b.total dedication, even in the face of other attractive opportunities.c.total dedication until resolve begins to wane.d.discipline to change the plan as needed.SELECTED ANSWER: BCommitment requires discipline to maintain resolve even when other responsibilities orattractive opportunities begin to mount.DIF:Cognitive Level: AnalysisOBJ: Explain four key work habits that contribute to success.TOPIC: Managing the Work of Success8.A nursing student is learning about effective time management in her first semester of nursingschool. Which action by the student indicates that she understands the first critical step?a.Setting goals based on the desired outcomeb.Prioritizing goals in order of simple to complexc.Prioritizing tasks in chronological orderd.Assessing the reality of the complete situationSELECTED ANSWER: DNAssessing the complete situation is the first step in time management. One must be clear aboutthe reality of the current set of tasks and schedule in order to begin to manage the timeassociated with the tasks.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Explain four key work habits that contribute to success.TOPIC: Managing the Work of Success9.Stress reductionwhile in nursing school is an important part of maintaining one‘s health.Holistic cognitive theory for stress reduction has four steps. The student shows that he or sheunderstands the first step to achieving awareness by doing which of the following?a.Becomes aware of the early physical signs of stressb.Concentrates on placing himself or herself as the center of everythingc.Mentally filters perceptionsd.Disqualifies the positive in the experienceSELECTED ANSWER: AThe awareness step is a time of understanding how the student feels under stress, coming toknow the symptoms, and taking steps to neutralize the symptoms.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Identify steps that aid in stress reduction.TOPIC: Stress Reduction

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10.A student exclaims, ―I have to make a 100% on this test because anything less is just likefailing in my book. I either know it or Idon‘tand if Idon‘t knowit now, Inever will.‖ Thisstudent is obviously stressed, and the statements representa.awareness reduction.b.cognitive distortions.c.positive coping mechanisms.d.acceptance of reality.SELECTED ANSWER: BCognitive distortions are illogical, irrational thoughts; those in this question are―all-or-nothingthinking‖and ―emotional reasoning.‖DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Identify steps that aid in stress reduction.TOPIC: Stress Reduction11.A lab instructor is observing placement of a Foley catheter by a senior nursing student. If thestudent is in the active experimentation phase of Kolb‘s Theory of Experiential Learning,what action can the lab instructor expect from the student?a.The student will need to observe placement before proceeding.b.The student assists the instructor in placing the catheter.c.The student places the Foley catheter without assistance.d.The student verbalizes beginning to understand catheter placement.SELECTED ANSWER: CAccording to Kolb‘s Theory of Experiential Learning, the student is in the activeexperimentation phase. When the student nurse places the Foley catheter, he or she is activelyinvolved in the experience. Concrete experience occurs when the student is actively involvedin a new experience. ReflectiveNobservation begins when the student observes the experience.Abstract conceptualization occurs when the student begins to understand the process ofplacing the Foley catheter.DIF:Cognitive Level: AnalysisOBJ:Describe how learning style affects the learning process.TOPIC: Learning Style12.A lab instructor is preparing to teach a group of students. After reading questionnaires filledout by the students in her group, she notes that the students would best learn by reflectiveobservation. What activity should the instructor plan so that the students have the best chanceof success?a.Set up stations so that the students can try to―figureit out forthemselves.‖b.Allow the students to observe a presentation.c.Present the information in a lecture while students take notes.d.Present information and allow the students to be directly involved in a hands-onsetting.SELECTED ANSWER: BLearning by observing is what Kolb terms reflective observation. Concrete experienceinvolves hands-on learning. In active experimentation, students learn by trying to figure it outfor themselves. Abstract conceptualization is the process of learning through data collection,such as lecture.DIF:Cognitive Level: Application

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OBJ:Describe how learning style affects the learning process.TOPIC:Learning Style13.A nurse is trying to manage success in the workplace. Which action demonstrates that sheunderstands key habits that must be developed and maintained?a.Carefully list and organize theday‘stasks.b.Complete a task over again because itwasn‘tdone perfectly the first time.c.Avoid difficult tasks because theywon‘tbe done correctly.d.Blame others for lack of organization.SELECTED ANSWER: ACarefully listing and organizing the day‘s tasks demonstrates that the nurse understands keyhabits needed for success, such as time management. Completing tasks over again, avoidingtasks, and blaming others are all self-defeating behaviors that do not help manage success.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ:Explain four key work habits that contribute to success.TOPIC:Habits for Success14.A nurse is listening to a lecture on self-awareness. Which statement by the nurse indicates thatthe teaching has been effective?a.―Self-confidence involves knowingoneself‖.b.―Competenceinvolves knowingoneself‖.c.―Understandinginvolves knowingoneself‖.d.―Self-awareness involves knowingoneself‖.SELECTED ANSWER: DSelf-awareness involves understanding and being conscious of oneself. This involves beingaware ofone‘sstrengths and weaknesses. Self-confidence, competence, and understanding donot encompass this.NDIF:Cognitive Level: EvaluationOBJ: Identify personal gifts and barriers.TOPIC: Self-Awareness15.The student is listening to a lecture on self-defeating behaviors. Which statement by thestudent indicates that teaching has been effective?a.―Nit-picking is viewing situations from a negativeaspect.‖b.―Pessimismis looking for all imperfections.‖c.―Worryingis being concerned over issues that may or may not be in yourcontrol.‖d.―Perfectionismis rejecting responsibility for actions orinactions.‖SELECTED ANSWER: CWorrying meSELECTED ANSWER to be concerned over issues that may or may not bein your control. Pessimism occurs when situations are viewed from a negative aspect. Nit-picking meSELECTED ANSWER tolook for all imperfections. PerfectionismmeSELECTED ANSWER to continuously strive to be perfect or do things perfectly.DIF:Cognitive Level: EvaluationOBJ: Describe self-defeating behaviors.TOPIC: Self-Defeating BehaviorsMULTIPLE RESPONSE

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1.Which actions or statements can the nurse take to eliminate self-defeating behaviors? (Selectall that apply.)a.Say,―Iknow that I can do this.‖b.Accept responsibility for his or her actions.c.Worry about things that are out of his or her control.d.Strive for perfection.e.Believe that his or her actions are out of his or her control.SELECTED ANSWER: A, BStating―Iknow I can dothis‖and accepting responsibility for his or her actions are actionsand statements that the nurse can take to eliminate self-defeating behaviors. Worrying,striving for perfection, and believing that his or her actions are out of his or her control areexamples of self-defeating behaviors.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Describe self-defeating behaviors.TOPIC: Self-Defeating Behaviors2.A group of nursing students is discussing how their lives have changed since beginningnursing school. The student who understands the second step of holistic cognitive theory forstress reduction recognizes which comments as descriptive of automatic thoughts? (Select allthat apply.)a.―Mylab instructordoesn‘tlike me. I had to repeat my cardiac assessment when noone elsedid.‖b.―After studying for hours, I finally remembered all the steps to insert a Foleycatheter. I will use thismethod again.‖c.―Mychild is having behavioral issues in preschool. I know it is because I am inschoolright now.‖Nd.―Rightafter I turned in my test I knew there were at least two SELECTEDANSWERwers that I shouldhave changed. I know Ifailed the test.‖e.―Everythingis falling apart in my life. I never should have come toschool.‖SELECTED ANSWER: A, C, D, EAutomatic thoughts are immediate; without reflection; usually negative, with words such asshouldandnever;and irrational and not based in reality. The correct options reflect automaticthoughts because they include the words ―should‖ and ―never.‖ Studying for hours would notbe considered an automatic thought.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Identify steps that aid in stress reduction.TOPIC: Stress Reduction3.A patient is learning to improve her personal empowerment skills after going through a toughdivorce. Which actions can she take to accomplish this? (Select all that apply.)a.Practice positive self-talk.b.Manage the work of success.c.Develop an external locus of control.d.Eliminate self-defeating behaviors.e.Manage good health.SELECTED ANSWER: A, B, D, E

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Practicing positive self-talk, managing the work of success, eliminating self-defeatingbehaviors, and managing good health are all ways that the patient can improve her personalempowerment skills. A person with an external locus of control believes that responsibility foractions lies outside of himself or herself.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Explain the impact of positive self-talk.TOPIC: Personal Empowerment Skills4.A student is listening to a lecture on stress reduction and coping mechanisms. Whichstatement by the student indicates that the teaching has been effective? (Select all that apply.)a.―Relaxationis a positive copingmechanism.‖b.―Catharsisis a form of stressreduction.‖c.―Reframingwould aide in stressreduction.‖d.―Distractionis the most helpful form of stress reduction.‖e.―Adrenalinerush preventsstress.‖SELECTED ANSWER: A, B, DThe relaxation and catharsis generated by laughter are positive coping mechanisms.Distraction takes the student‘s mind off the stress for a while so that she can be recharged andhandle it positively at another time. Reframing meSELECTED ANSWER looking at thesituation from a different perspective. An adrenaline rush is considered a time waster, not astress reduction technique.DIF:Cognitive Level: EvaluationOBJ: Identify steps that aid in stress reduction.TOPIC: Stress ReductionN

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NChapter 03: Study Habits and Test-Taking SkillsClaywell: LPN to RN TrSELECTEDANSWERitions, 5th EditionMULTIPLE CHOICE1.A first semester student is struggling in class and did not do well on her last exam. She hasdetermined the problem to be her lack of skill in note taking. What can the student do in orderto take more effective notes during lecture?a.Focus on writing key words and phrases.b.Photocopy someoneelse‘snotes.c.Write verbatim all that is said.d.Practice memorization in class instead of taking notes.SELECTED ANSWER: AThe student should focus on writing key words and phrases in order to be more effective atnote taking. Photocopying someone else‘s notes, writing verbatim, and memorizing lecturewill not help the student with effective note taking.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Describe the components of effective listening.TOPIC: Note-Taking2.A student nurse feels that his reading skills are not adequate. Which action would he take inorder to have effective reading skills?a.Focus on improving reading speed.b.Read slowly and thoroughly.c.Ask his friends and family read to him.d.Passively engage in reading.SELECTED ANSWER: AEvidence relates reading speed to comprehension; the faster you read, the more youunderstand what you are reading.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Describe how to improve reading skills.TOPIC: Effective Reading3.A struggling student admits that she is reading the same paragraph over and over when shetries to read the text. The instructor recognizes this as inhibitory to her comprehension of thematerial. Which suggestion could the instructor make to the student to help correct thesituation?a.―Justkeep trying. Maybe you need to read it over a few times to getit.‖b.―Maybeyou are waiting too late at night to study. Try studying earlier in theday.‖c.―Tryputting your finger under the words one ata time.‖d.―Ifthe words are a stumbling block, study them alone first, and then as you read,you will be less likely to stumble over them andregress.‖SELECTED ANSWER: DRegression, or rereading what was just read, may be caused by stumbling over unfamiliarterms that cause reading to slow and decrease.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Describe how to improve reading skills.TOPIC: Effective Reading

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4.The student is listening to a lecture on the SQRRR method. Which statement indicates thatteaching has been effective?a.―The appropriate way to use the method is to scan, skim, survey, read, recite,review‖.b.―The appropriate way to use the method is to scan, skim, read, recite, review,reread‖.c.―The appropriate way to use the method is to survey, question, read, recite,review‖.d.―Theappropriate way to use the method is to survey, question, read, review,reread‖.SELECTED ANSWER: CSQRRR is a tried and true method: survey, question, read, recite, and review.DIF:Cognitive Level: EvaluationOBJ:Prepare to study effectively using the SQRRR method.TOPIC: Improving Your Study Skills5.A nursing student is preparing for her first day of lecture. She knows that in order to succeed,she shoulda.skip the first day of class and read the material at home.b.sit in the front of the room, away from distractions.c.take notes from the book during lecture time.d.sit in the back of the class, next to her best friend.SELECTED ANSWER: BStudents should sit in the front of the classroom for optimal learning, away from distractions.NDIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Describe positive face-to-face and online class strategies.TOPIC: General Face-to-Face Classroom Behaviors6.A patient comes to the emergency department with complaints of crushing chest pain thatradiates down his left arm. While reviewing his health history with the RN, the patient statesthat he has been getting over a cold. He also has seasonal allergies and is allergic to peanuts.The nurse interprets the major detail forthe patient‘sER visit as the patienta.has a peanut allergy.b.is experiencing crushing chest pain.c.is getting over a cold.d.has seasonal allergies.SELECTED ANSWER: BThe major detail in this scenario is the patient‘s crushing chest pain, which brought him intothe ER. All other are minor details.DIF:Cognitive Level: AnalysisOBJ: Distinguish between major and minor details.TOPIC: Major/Minor Details7.The RN is performing an assessment on a patient being admitted for back pain. The nurseinterprets which of thepatient‘s statementsas a minor detail?a.The patient has not been able to void in 12 hours.b.The patient ate 90% of his meal.

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c.The patient reports being unable to walk.d.The patient was involved in a car accident 2 days ago.SELECTED ANSWER: BMinor details support the major details and peripherally support the main idea. In thisscenario, the patient eating 90% of his meal is a minor detail. The other choices are majordetails.DIF:Cognitive Level: AnalysisOBJ: Describe how to improve reading skills.TOPIC: Relating Details to a Main Idea8.A student has been out of school for a number of years. She is concerned that she may not beable to study effectively. What action can the student take that will increase her ability tofocus on her studies?a.Study for 1 hour a night.b.Study in a loud coffee shop.c.Stay up all night before tests to make sure she is proficient.d.Study with the TV off.SELECTED ANSWER: DThe student should learn ways to study effectively in order to succeed in school. Studying foronly 1 hour per night, studying in a loud coffee shop, and staying up all night to study are notways to study effectively.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ:Prepare to study effectively using the SQRRR method.TOPIC: More Study Strategies9.Astudent isreviewing newmaNterial for an upcoming test.She hasdecided to highlightsothatshe can come back later to easily review the material. How can she use highlighting to besuccessful?a.She should highlight the first time she reads the material.b.She should highlight no more than 20% of the material.c.She should use only one method of highlighting.d.She should highlight the entire chapter.SELECTED ANSWER: BThe student should read the material at least once before she begins highlighting. Highlightingduring the first read through, using only one method of highlighting, and highlighting theentire chapter would not assist the student in being successful.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Describe how to improve reading skills.TOPIC: Highlighting Appropriately10.The student is listening to a lecture on better study habits. Which statement indicates thatteaching has been effective?a.―Ishould study for 3to 4‖.b.―Ishould study for 2to 3‖.c.―Ishould study for 4to 5‖.d.―Ishould study for 5to 6‖.SELECTED ANSWER: B

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For every hour of class the student should spend 2 to 3 hours studying in order to besuccessful.DIF:Cognitive Level: EvaluationOBJ:Prepare to study effectively using the SQRRR method.TOPIC: Improving Your Study Skills11.The student is attending a lecture on improving test taking. Which statement indicates that theteaching has been effective?a.―Multipleincorrect options on a test arestems‖.b.―Multipleincorrect options on a test arestructured responses‖.c.―Multipleincorrect options on a test aredistracters‖.d.―Multipleincorrect options on a test are negativeindicators‖.SELECTED ANSWER: CMultiple incorrect options on a test are known as distracters.DIF:Cognitive Level: EvaluationOBJ: Incorporate strategies to improve test taking.TOPIC: Test-Taking SkillsMULTIPLE RESPONSE1.A nursing student knows that effective listening requires attention and preparation. Whatactions can she take to ensure that she is proficient? (Select all that apply.)a.Read over the assigned material before class begins.b.Read over the material as soon as class is over.c.No special attention or preparation is required.d.Read the material during clNass.e.Study independently during discussion time.SELECTED ANSWER:A, BTo listen effectively, prepare for what you will hear before class. In class maintainconcentration and actively engage in the discussion, and then after class review notes and addclarifying comments.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Describe the components of effective listening.TOPIC: Effective Listening2.You are a first semester nursing student and have just received your first reading assignmentfor class tomorrow. You know that in order to succeed you will need to practice effectivelistening. Which actions would prepare you for class tomorrow? (Select all that apply.)a.Read over the assigned material tonight.b.Scan over the material before class, looking at the main points and subpoints.c.Read the text during class instead of listening to lecture.d.Review your notes immediately after class.e.Do not review anything before class.SELECTED ANSWER: A, B, D

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In order to be prepared for class you should: Read over assigned material the night before;scan over the material before class, looking at both main points and subpoints; and reviewnotes immediately after class. Practicing effective listening includes giving the instructor yourundivided attention. Often instructors emphasize points that they do not want students to miss.These points often end up on exams.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Describe the components of effective listening.TOPIC: Effective Listening3.A student is studying for an upcoming test. She has read the assigned text once and is nowready to highlight. Which actions by the student indicate that she understands how tohighlight? (Select all that apply.)a.Uses circles to highlight key words or phrasesb.Draws an asterisk next to an important paragraph or sentencec.Underlines sentences of importanced.Draws squares around words for emphasise.Marks a section with a star for future referenceSELECTED ANSWER: A, B, C, ECircles, asterisks, underlines, and stars are all acceptable ways of highlighting that wouldindicate differences in the material.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Describe how to improve reading skills.TOPIC: Highlighting4.A student has just listened to a lecture on better strategies for studying. Which of thestudent‘sactions indicate understanding? (Select all that apply.)a.Wait until the evening tostNudy.b.Begin with the most difficult subjects.c.Create a conducive study environment.d.Record the lectures and listen to them in your car.e.Begin to study the day before an exam.SELECTED ANSWER: B, C, DBeginning study sessions with the most difficult subjects, creating a conducive studyenvironment, and listening to lectures in your car are all ways to create better strategies forstudying.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ:Prepare to study effectively using the SQRRR method.TOPIC: Improving Your Study Skills

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Chapter 04: Distinguishing the RN Role from the LPN/LVN RoleClaywell: LPN to RN TrSELECTED ANSWERitions, 5thEditionMULTIPLE CHOICE1.A nurse manager is discussing theRN‘sscope of practice with a new hire. Which statement,made by the new hire, isnottrue of theRN‘sscope of practice?a.―A nurse may be disciplined by the Board of Nursing for practicing beyond his orher scope of practice.‖b.―Scopeof practice is legally defined by the American Nurses Association(ANA).‖c.―Scopeof practice defines the responsibilities ofnurses.‖d.―Scopeof practice can be found in state nurse practiceacts.‖SELECTED ANSWER:BTheRN‘sscope of practice is legally defined by state nurse practice acts, not the ANA. Anurse may be disciplined by the Board of Nursing. The scope of practice defines theresponsibilities of nurses and can be found in state nurse practice acts.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Compare and contrast the scope of practice for the LPN/LVN and the RN.TOPIC: Scope of PracticeMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care2.The nursing student is reviewing the different organizations that provide services for nurses.She interprets the American Nurses Credentialing Center asa.an association that provides accreditation for baccalaureate and higher degreenursing education programsN.b.the unifying body for the state boards of nursing.c.an association that offers certification in many nursing specialties.d.an organization that offers the national licensure examination.SELECTED ANSWER:CThe American Nurses Credentialing Center offers certification in many nursing specialties.The Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education provides nursing school accreditation. TheNational Council of State Boards of Nursing is the unifying body for the state boards ofnursing. NCLEX is the national licensure examination implemented by the National Councilof State Boards of Nursing.DIF:Cognitive Level: AnalysisOBJ: Recognize the differences in the educational preparation of the LPN/LVN and RN.TOPIC: Educational PreparationMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care3.The student is studying the history of nursing education. She is able to identify which nursingdegree program as the first one in the United States for RNs?a.Associate‘sdegreeb.Bachelor‘sdegreec.Diploma degreed.Master‘sdegree

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The first nursing degree program in the United States was the diploma, which began in 1872.Theassociate‘s, bachelor‘s, andmaster‘s nursing programscame later.DIF:Cognitive Level: SynthesisOBJ: Recognize the differences in the educational preparation of the LPN/LVN and RN.TOPIC: Educational PreparationMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care4.Which function falls within theLPN/LVN‘sscope of practice?a.Formulating the plan of careb.Collecting datac.Selecting nursing diagnosesd.Setting goals, objectives, and outcomesSELECTED ANSWER: BOne of the many functions of the LPN/LVN is that of data collector. Formulating the plan ofcare; selecting nursing diagnoses; and setting goals, objectives, and outcomes are not in thescope of practice for the practical nurse and must be performed by an RN.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Compare and contrast the professional roles of the LPN/LVN and the RN.TOPIC: Professional RolesMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care5.Which of the following is an example of professional advocacy in nursing?a.Charting and writing up a medication errorb.Writing up a nursing assistant for excessive absencesc.Writing one‘ssenator concNerning mandatory overtimed.Mentoring a new graduate RN who is new to the unitSELECTED ANSWER: CWriting one‘s senator concerning mandatory overtime is professional advocacy. Charting andwriting up a medication error, writing up a nursing assistant, and mentoring a new graduateare expectations of the RN.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Describe various role elements that are inherent in the scope of registered nursing practice.TOPIC: Role ElementsMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care6.The RN is caring for the following patients. Which patient and task are most appropriate toassign to the LPN/LVN?a.A 34-year-old female patient who will need discharge teachingb.A 40-year-old posTOPICerative male patient who needs a dressing changec.A 64-year-old female patient who needs a bed bathd.A 79-year-old patient whose plan of care needs to be updatedSELECTED ANSWER: BThe LPN/LVN is skilled in dressing changes. The nursing assistant is skilled in giving a bedbath. Discharge teaching and updating the plan of care are tasks that must be performed by theRN.

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DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Compare and contrast the scope of practice for the LPN/LVN and the RN.TOPIC: Professional RolesMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care7.The charge nurse is creating assignments for the oncoming shift. She notices that todaystaffing consists of three RNs and one LPN. Which assignment would be most appropriate forthe LPN?a.Acute MI: needs preparation for the catheter labb.Flu-like symptoms: needs reassessment of vital signs every hourc.Possible stroke: needs anticoagulation therapyd.Dehydration: needs IVF boluses and IV antiemeticSELECTED ANSWER: BThe most appropriate assignment for the LPN would be the patient with flu-like symptoms.The LPN can perform basic assessment and data collection and can meet the basic needs ofthe patient. The RNs should be assigned the patients with acute MI, possible stroke, anddehydration, all of whom require critical thinking and a higher level of care.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Compare and contrast the scope of practice for the LPN/LVN and the RN.TOPIC: Professional RolesMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care8.The RN understands that the National League for Nursing (NLN) delineates three professionalroles of the associate degree nurse when she lists all of the following excepta.manager of care.b.team player.Nc.provider of care.d.member of profession.SELECTED ANSWER: BThe NLN delineates the following as professional roles of the associate degree nurse: managerof care, provider of care, and member of the profession. For all three of these roles, the nursefollows the nursing process. The NLN does not delineate being a team player as a professionalrole.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Compare and contrast the scope of practice for the LPN/LVN and the RN.TOPIC: Registered NursingMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care9.An LPN/LVN in RN school is experiencing frustration because the expectations of her as anurse at work are very different from her role as a student in nursing school, and fulfillingboth is confusing at times. She has an appropriate understanding of her situation when shestates that it is known asa.role conflict.b.dissociative behavior.c.coping mechanism.d.license confusion.SELECTED ANSWER: A

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Role conflict may occur when expectations or requirements of competing roles areincompatible.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Discuss the concept of role trSELECTED ANSWERition from practical nurseto registered nurse.TOPIC:Role TrSELECTED ANSWERitionMSC: NCLEX:Psychosocial Integrity10.A nurse manager is teaching a class about the different role elements of RNs. If she has anadequate understanding, she can state that a care provider isa.―anurse who medically managespatients.‖b.―an RN who carries out interventions that assist patients to meet positiveoutcomes.‖c.―anurse who seeks out newendeavors.‖d.―anurse who seeks out positive changes in the best interest of his or herpatients.‖SELECTED ANSWER: BCare provider is the role element of the RN when interventions are provided.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Describe various role elements that are inherent in the scope of registered nursing practice.TOPIC:Role TrSELECTED ANSWERitionMSC: NCLEX: Caring11.A student is preparing for an exam on the different role elements of an RN. She is preparedfor the exam when she can state that all of the following are elements of the RN role excepta.collaborator.b.manager.c.counselor.d.therapist.NSELECTED ANSWER: DAlthough there are many therapists involved in the collaborative care of the patient, RNs arenot therapists. Collaborator, manager, and counselor are identified elements of the RN role.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Describe various role elements that are inherent in the scope of registered nursing practice.TOPIC:Role TrSELECTED ANSWERitionMSC: NCLEX: Caring12.An RN has called the physician to explain that the patient is having second thoughts about aprocedure and would like to learn more about the alternatives before proceeding. In thisinstance the RN is enacting the element of the RN role known asa.counselor.b.researcher.c.advocate.d.mentor.SELECTED ANSWER: CThe registered nurse‘s role asadvocaterequires the nurse to be a protector willing to shieldthe client and family from harm. In assuming this duty, the nurse chooses to providecomplete, honest information to those in his or her care and to speak up against any harmfulor unnecessary forces that could impede progress toward a healthy state. A client advocateagrees to―taketheside‖ ofthe health care recipient and―standupfor‖the patient‘srights toautonomy and self-determination.

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DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Describe various role elements that are inherent in the scope of registered nursing practice.TOPIC: Role TrSELECTED ANSWERitionMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care13.An RN student is discussing formal role socialization with her nursing professor. Theprofessor believes the RN student has a good understanding when she states that formal rolesocializationa.―canoccur in any informalsetting.‖b.―occursduring patientteaching.‖c.―doesnot occur in the classroomsetting.‖d.―onlyoccursspontaneously.‖SELECTED ANSWER: BFormal professional role socialization is planned rather than happening spontaneously orvicariously. It involves planned educational experiences, such as performing physicalassessment, developing nursing diagnoses for apatient‘scare plan, or doing patient teaching.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Describe the process of professional socialization from practical nurse to that of registerednurse. TOPIC:Role TrSELECTED ANSWERitionMSC: NCLEX: PsychosocialIntegrity14.The student understands that the LPN/LVN role differs from the RN role in many areas. Sheshows understanding when she can state that the LPN/LVN and RN are similar in which area?a.Educational preparationb.Thinking skillsc.Assessment skillsNd.Basic psychomotor skillsSELECTED ANSWER: DLPN/LVNs and RNs have similar preparation in basic psychomotor skills such as wound care,urinary catheterization, patient hygiene, and so on. It is the critical thinking and assessmentskills that go beyond the basic task that make a difference.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Compare and contrast differences in role responsibilities of practical and registered nurses.TOPIC:RN to LPN/LVN Role ComparisonMSC: NCLEX: Nursing Process15.A student in an LPN to RN trSELECTED ANSWERition program is at the clinical site,monitoring the vital signsof a patient receiving blood. At 15 minutes into the infusion, thepatient begins to complain ofitching and shortness of breath. It is evident that the studentnurse is developing critical thinking skills when she does which of the following?a.STOPICs the infusion,calls for the patient‘s nurse, and reports a possiblereaction tothe blood.b.Calls forthe patient‘snurse and asks whether she can slow the infusion down.c.Continues with routine monitoring and reportsthe patient‘scondition asunremarkable.d.Calls for thepatient‘snurse and asks whether she can speed up the infusion todeliver the blood faster.SELECTED ANSWER: A

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The student nurse is developing critical thinking skills of an RN when she connects the ideathat the shortness of breath and itching are linked to the infusion and quickly takes action toprevent further harm to the patient.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Discuss the concept of role trSELECTED ANSWERition from practical nurseto registered nurse.TOPIC: Role TrSELECTED ANSWERitionMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care16.Which action defines the nurse as a care provider in an inpatient setting?a.Holding an information session on diabetes management and preventionb.Running a blood pressure screening in the lobby of the hospitalc.Assisting new parents after the delivery of preterm twinsd.Handing out pamphlets on how to lower cholesterolSELECTED ANSWER: CThe nurse who assists new parents after the delivery of preterm twins is an example of a careprovider role within the inpatient setting. Outpatient care provider roles include promotionand restoration of health through the use of screenings and interventions.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Describe various role elements that are inherent in the scope of registered nursing practice.TOPIC: Care Provider RoleMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care17.The nurse would assume the care provider role of educator during which action?a.Leading a hand washing initiative to reduce infection ratesb.SELECTED ANSWERwering a new mother‘sNquestions about breastfeedingc.Working with colleagues to trSELECTED ANSWERfer a patient into a rehab centerd.Requesting more pain medications for a patient who is recovering from a total hipreplacementSELECTED ANSWER: BThe nurse assumes the care provider role of educator when she SELECTEDANSWERwers a new mother‘squestions about breastfeeding. Leading a hand washinginitiative refers to a change agent. Working with colleagues to trSELECTEDANSWERfer a patient refers to the collaborator role. The nurse functions as an advocatewhen he or she requests more medication for a patient recoveringfrom surgery.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Describe various role elements that are inherent in the scope of registered nursing practice.TOPIC: Role ElementsMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care18.A nurse on a postsurgical unit is alarmed by the number of posTOPICerative infections thathavebeen reported for her unit over the last year. The nurse acquires data from otherhospitals andbegins observing the health care team to determine the hand washing rates. Thisnurse is functioning in which care provider role?a.Managerb.Change agentc.Researcherd.Counselor

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SELECTED ANSWER: CThe nurse who researches the infection rate and begins data gathering by observing isfunctioning in the researcher role. Managers oversee change, change agents initiate change,and counselors assist patients and families with psychosocial needs.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Describe various role elements that are inherent in the scope of registered nursing practice.TOPIC:Role ElementsMSC: NCLEX: Nursing Process19.The RN utilizes problem-solving skills to do all of the following excepta.establish mutual goals with the patient and family.b.formulate a care plan.c.assist patients to achieve expected outcomes in the plan of care.d.oversee implementation and evaluation of the plan.SELECTED ANSWER: CThe LPN/LVN typically assists patients to achieve expected outcomes in the plan of care. TheRN utilizes problem-solving skills to formulate a plan of care, establish mutual goals, andoversee the implementation and evaluation of the plan.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Compare and contrast the scope of practice for the LPN/LVN and the RN.TOPIC: Care PlanningMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of CareMULTIPLE RESPONSEN1.The registered nurse takes on different care provider roles in the health care setting. Whichroles could the nurse assume when caring for a patient who has just been diagnosed withcancer? (Select all that apply.)a.Counselorb.Educatorc.Advocated.Collaboratore.Medical power of attorneySELECTED ANSWER: A, B, C, DThe nurse functions in the care provider roles of counselor, educator, advocate, andcollaborator when caring for this patient. The nurse would not take on the role of medicalpower of attorney for the patient.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Describe various role elements that are inherent in the scope of registered nursing practice.TOPIC: Role ElementsMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care

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Chapter 05: Using Nursing Theory to Guide Professional PracticeClaywell: LPN to RN TrSELECTED ANSWERitions, 5th EditionMULTIPLE CHOICE1.Which of the following are the concepts common among most nursing philosophies, models,and theories?a.Person, nurse, health, and environmentb.Person, physician, health, and environmentc.Person, nurse, health, and cultured.Person, nurse, environment, and cultureSELECTED ANSWER:APerson, nurse, health, and environment are the four universal concepts central to nursingpractice. The physician and culture are not considered to be among the four universalconcepts. These themes are described, defined, ordered, and interrelated in distinctive,meaningful, and powerful ways as nursing theorists endeavor to continue the development ofnursing‘sunique body of knowledge.DIF:Cognitive Level: AnalysisOBJ: Apply the four universal concepts central to nursing practice.TOPIC: Nursing TheoryMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care2.What skills would a nurse demonstrate if the nurse reachedthe ―competentstage‖of PatriciaBenner‘stheory of skill acquisition?a.Relies on more experiencedNnurses for guidanceb.Can multitask, set goals, and think analyticallyc.Can see the whole picture and recognizes subtle changes in conditiond.Recognizes patterns and responds automaticallySELECTED ANSWER:BThe competent nurse is able to multitask, set goals, and think analytically. The advancedbeginner is the new graduate nurse with marginally acceptable performance who relies onother experienced nurses. The proficient nurse sees the whole and focuses on long-term goals,and the level of expert nurse is reached after considerable experience (recognizes patterns andhas responses that are automatic and integrated).DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Compare and contrast the nursing philosophies, theories, models, and frameworks discussed inthis chapter.TOPIC: Nursing TheoryMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care3.A group of nursing students was discussing the functions of nursing theories. Which statementbelow would give the impression a student requires more review of the material?a.―Nursingtheories help guide professional practice by interpretingevidence.‖b.―Nursingtheories have little effect on decision-making inpractice.‖c.―Nursingtheories are influenced by personal values andbeliefs.‖d.―Nursingtheories influence professionalbehaviors.‖SELECTED ANSWER:

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The statements that nursing theories serve as guidelines for professional practice, nursingtheories are influenced by values and beliefs, and nursing theories influence professionalbehaviors are true about nursing theories. The statement that nursing theories have little effecton decision-making is incorrect because nursing theories do have a significant effect ondecision-making.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Discuss the role of nursing theory to the practice of nursing.TOPIC: Nursing TheoryMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care4.What criterion would the nurse use to support HildegardPeplau‘sTheory of InterpersonalRelations?a.The relationship between nurse and doctorb.The mutual caring relationshipc.Meeting the needs of nurse and patientd.The relationship between nurse and patientSELECTED ANSWER: DThe nurse–patient relationship is the focus of Hildegard Peplau‘s theory. The doctor–nurserelationship, the mutual caring relationship, and meeting the needs of the nurse and patient arenot thefocus of Hildegard Peplau‘stheory.DIF:Cognitive Level: EvaluationOBJ: Compare and contrast the nursing philosophies, theories, models, and frameworks discussed inthis chapter.TOPIC: Nursing TheoryMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of CareN5.The nurse providing teaching on a weight loss program to the obese patient is applying whichnursing model developed by Nola Pender?a.Interpersonal relationsb.Health promotionc.Conservationd.AdaptationSELECTED ANSWER: BPender‘sHealth Promotion Model emphasizes the importance of the patient to manage his orher own health actively and focuses on wellness. Interpersonal relations is the theorydeveloped by Hildegard Peplau. The Conservation Model was developed by Myra Levine,and the Adaptation Model was developed by Sister Callista Roy.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Compare and contrast the nursing philosophies, theories, models, and frameworks discussed inthis chapter.TOPIC: Nursing TheoryMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care6.What changes in nursing practice did Florence Nightingale make to improve the personal careof patients?a.Behaviorsb.Environmentc.Cultured.Communication

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SELECTED ANSWER: BFlorenceNightingale‘stheory of nursing primarily focused on the environment. It describedin detail the concepts of light, cleanliness, ventilation, warmth, diet, and noise. Behaviors,culture, and communication were not her primary focus.DIF:Cognitive Level: SynthesisOBJ: Compare and contrast the nursing philosophies, theories, models, and frameworks discussed inthis chapter.TOPIC: Nursing TheoryMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care7.BettyNeuman‘sSystems Model for nursing emphasizes the holistic aspects of nursing from asystems-based perspective. Which of the following isnotan example of the clinicalapplication of this theory?a.Caring for the patient at the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of careb.Evaluating patient stabilityc.Focusing on the nurse–patient relationshipd.Evaluating the effect of stressors on the patientSELECTED ANSWER: CFocusing on the nurse–patient relationship is the focus of Hildegard Peplau‘s Theory ofInterpersonal Relations. Caring for the patient at the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels ofcare; evaluating patient stability; and evaluating the effect of stressors on the patient areexamples of the clinical application of Neuman‘s theory. The Neuman‘s Systems Modelfocuses on responses of patient systems to actual or potential stressors and uses primary,secondary, and tertiary nursing interventions for optimal wellness.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicatiNonOBJ: Compare and contrast the nursing philosophies, theories, models, and frameworks discussed inthis chapter.TOPIC: Nursing TheoryMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care8.Which statement by a nurse reflects an accurate understanding of systems theory?a.―Mypatient has anemia reflected by low RBC, Hgb, and Hct values, so I have tomonitorfor fatigue, dyspnea, and tachycardia.‖b.―Itis my responsibility to provide my patients with basic human needs includingfood, water,and sleep.‖c.―Wouldyou like me to call the chaplain for you to discuss your feelings about yourupcomingsurgery?‖d.―My patient‘s daughter makes all decisions and living arrangements for my patientsuch as reserving a home health aide and Meals on Wheels during theweek.‖SELECTED ANSWER: A―A change in one part of the whole will have an effect on another‖ is an accurateunderstanding of systems theory.―HumSELECTED ANSWERhave certain basicneeds‖explainsMaslow‘sTheory of the Hierarchy of Needs.―Onemust consider how humSELECTED ANSWER copeor do not cope withstress‖is an example of BettyNeuman‘sHealthcare Systems Model.―Roleschange over alifetime‖illustrates role theory.DIF:Cognitive Level: EvaluationOBJ: Compare and contrast the nursing philosophies, theories, models, and frameworks discussed inthis chapter.TOPIC: Nursing Theory

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MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care9.The nurse is listening to a lecture on nursing conceptual models. Which statement indicatesthat the teaching has been effective?a.―Nursingconceptual models provide a broad explanation of theworld‖.b.―Nursing conceptual models are composed of a defined and interrelated set ofconcepts‖.c.―Nursingconceptual models are abstract concepts that proposeoutcomes‖.d.―Nursingconceptual models are related constructs that broadly explain aphenomenon ofinterest‖.SELECTED ANSWER: D―Nursingconceptual models are related constructs that broadly explain a phenomenon ofinterest‖ is true of nursing conceptual models. ―Nursing conceptual models provide a broadexplanation of theworld‖is true of nursing philosophies, and―Nursingconceptual models arecomposed of a defined and interrelated set of concepts‖ and ―Nursing conceptual models areabstract concepts that proposeoutcomes‖are true of nursing theories.DIF:Cognitive Level: EvaluationOBJ: Compare and contrast the nursing philosophies, theories, models, and frameworks discussed inthis chapter.TOPIC: Nursing TheoryMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care10.Which of the following is an example of the application of Levine‘s Conservation Model tothe clinical setting?a.Teaching the patient to self-administer insulinb.Encouraging the patient to ambulatec.Obtaining awheelchair forNthe patientd.Arranging for thepatient‘sfamily to visitSELECTED ANSWER: CObtaining a wheelchair for the patient is a correct example of the application of Levine‘sConservation Model. Teaching the patient to self-administer insulin and encouraging thepatient to ambulate will not facilitate rest, and arranging for the patient‘s family to visit mayor may not further stress the patient.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Compare and contrast the nursing philosophies, theories, models, and frameworks discussed inthis chapter.TOPIC: Nursing TheoryMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care11.Select the scientific theory used in several nursing theories to explain the following scenario:One nurse, whose adult son died in the ER 11 years ago, contends that she can never walk intoa hospital again and quits her job. A second nurse, whose husband died in the hospital,continues to work her shifts responsibly and compassionately without incident.a.Role theoryb.Adaptation theoryc.Developmental theoriesd.Systems theorySELECTED ANSWER: B

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Adaptation theory explains the ability of living things to adjust, or adapt, in response tocontinuous internal or external stimuli. This theory illustrates how humSELECTEDANSWER cope or do not cope with physical, developmental, emotional, intellectual, social,and spiritual stressors. Roletheory describes how roles of individuals in their family maychange over a lifetime.Developmental theories explain the interdependence of the systems in the body helping toreveal the presence of health and illness. Systems theory describes the relationship of theenvironment, both internal and external, with the individual and how changing one part affectsall other parts.DIF:Cognitive Level: SynthesisOBJ: Compare and contrast the nursing philosophies, theories, models, and frameworks discussed inthis chapter.TOPIC: Nursing TheoryMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care12.Identify the catalyst of JeanWatson‘s Theoryof Care.a.Personal values and beliefsb.Belief that nursing practice should be autonomousc.Changes in health care delivery and patient satisfaction survey responsesd.Theories promoting the capacity of self-careSELECTED ANSWER: AJean Watson‘s Theory of Care (1979) emerged from her own values and beliefs guided by hercommitment to the caring-healing role or nursing and its mission to help sustain humanity andwholeness as the foundation of health and nursing‘s purpose for existing. The belief thatnursing practice should be autonomous, changes in health care delivery and patientsatisfaction survey responses, and the three theories promoting the capacity of self-care havenothing in common withJean Watson‘sTheory of Care.NDIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Compare and contrast the nursing philosophies, theories, models, and frameworks discussed inthis chapter.TOPIC: Nursing TheoryMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care13.Which of the following is an example of the application of Madeleine Leininger‘s CulturalCare Theory of Diversity and Universality?a.Preparing a patient for a medical procedure by using medical terminologyb.Learning about diverse ethnic patient populationsc.Planning nursing care in a standardized manner ensuring that everyone is treatedthe same wayd.Asking a non-English-speaking patient to provide an English-speaking person totrSELECTED ANSWERlate details of careSELECTED ANSWER: B

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Demonstrating cultural competency includes learning about the cultural community asindividuals, families, and communities and their expressive abilities of caring, values, beliefs,actions, and practices that are based on their cultural lifestyles. This will ensure that nursesdeliver the appropriate level of care respectfully based on these aspects with a noted increasein nursing satisfaction performance, healing, and well-being. Speaking in medical jargon isdiscouraged and does not help to explain or alleviate anxiety. Planning individualized nursingcare is the goal, rather than treating everyone in the same manner. Asking anon-English-speaking patient to provide a trSELECTED ANSWERlator does notdemonstrate respect for adiverse population.DIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Compare and contrast the nursing philosophies, theories, models, and frameworks discussed inthis chapter.TOPIC: Nursing TheoryMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care14.Which is an example of DorotheaOrem‘sTheory of Self-Care Deficit?a.A nurse asks a patient how much she can do for herself following a stroke.b.A nurse performs total care on a stroke patient to conserve thepatient‘senergy.c.A nurse leaves a stroke patient to walk to the bathroom and shower by herself.d.A nurse enables a stroke patient to wash up in bed by providing bath wipes.SELECTED ANSWER: DDorothea Orem‘s Theory of Self-Care Deficit is explained in the fifth edition of her book,Nursing: Concepts of Practice. In this model of practice, the outcomes of all nursing actionsshould be to promote the capacity for self-care in all individuals; activities of self-care aredefined as purposeful, ordered, and learned; and the degree to which a person is able toparticipate in this is called self-care agency.NDIF:Cognitive Level: ApplicationOBJ: Compare and contrast the nursing philosophies, theories, models, and frameworks discussed inthis chapter.TOPIC: Nursing TheoryMSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care15.The goal of Ida JeanOrlando‘stheory of effective nursing practice is toa.focus on relationships among the environment, nurse, and patient.b.reduce the duration of hospital stays.c.meet the immediate needs of the patient and relieve distress or discomfort.d.integrate holism into nursing.SELECTED ANSWER: COrlando believed that the goal of the nurse is to meet the immediate needs of the patient andrelieve distress and discomfort. A major assumption by Orlando was that nursing practiceshould be autonomous. She believed that using the nursing process in the provision of nursingcare provides an overall framework for nursing and is effective in achieving a good outcome.Florence Nightingale‘s theory focused on three major relationships: environment to patient,nurse to environment, and nurse to patient. Virginia Henderson is well known for definingnursing. She was also credited with integrating the view of holism into nursing. She believedthat humSELECTED ANSWER have needs that are not only biological but alsopsychological. Reduction of hospital stays is not discussed.DIF:Cognitive Level: Application

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