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NRP 563 DQ 7

Overview of GI, GU, MSK and gynecologic pelvic pain diagnosis: appendicitis, UTIs, muscle sprains, abortion, ectopic pregnancy, IBS, Crohn’s – clinical tests and criteria.

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Gastrointestinal conditions, such as appendicitis, genitourinary issues like urinary tract infections(UTIs), and musculoskeletal problems, including muscle sprains, can result in various distressingsymptoms that require careful evaluation (Schuiling & Likis, 2022).A range of targeted tests can be used to diagnose these conditions effectively. For appendicitis,we can assess tenderness at McBurney's point and conduct a CT scan of the abdomen forconfirmation. In the case of UTIs, a urinalysis revealing the presence of nitrates can helpestablish the diagnosis. For muscle sprains, particularly those resulting from pelvic trauma,gathering a detailed patient history along with a comprehensive physical examination is crucial(Schuiling & Likis, 2022).Causes of gynecologic acute pelvic pain include abortion, ectopic pregnancy, and uterinefibroids. To diagnose these conditions, a positive pregnancy test usually indicates an abortion. Atthe same time, vaginal bleeding may be present in case of infection, along with elevated whiteblood cell count (WBC) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (Schuiling & Likis, 2022).Chronic pelvic pain can be caused by several conditions, including irritable bowel syndrome(IBS). To be diagnosed with IBS, a person must experience abdominal pain at least once a weekfor three months, along with two of the following symptoms: pain related to bowel movements,changes in the frequency of bowel movements (more than three times a day or fewer than threetimes a week), and changes in stool appearance (harder, softer, or more liquid). These criteriamust be met for at least three months, with symptoms beginning at least six months beforediagnosis (Rome Foundation, 2024). For Crohn's disease, an accurate diagnosis typicallyinvolves endoscopy, which allows doctors to examine the digestive tract directly. This is oftencombined with lab tests, physical exams, and a review of medical history (NTH: National

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