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Biology /3.6: Prokaryotic Cells and Viruses

3.6: Prokaryotic Cells and Viruses

Biology8 CardsCreated 17 days ago

This deck covers the key functions and structures of prokaryotic cells and viruses, including cell walls, capsules, and DNA, as well as comparisons with eukaryotic cells.

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What is the function of the cell wall?

Made from murein Excludes certain substances and protects against mechanical damage and osmotic lysis
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
What is the function of the cell wall?
Made from murein Excludes certain substances and protects against mechanical damage and osmotic lysis
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What is the function of the capsule?
Protects bacterium from other cells and helps groups of bacteria stick together for further protection
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What is the function of the cell-surface membrane?
Acts as a differentially permeable layer which controls the entry and exit of chemicals
What is the function of circular DNA?
Possesses the genetic information for the replication of bacterial cells

What is the function of plasmids?

  1. Possess genes that may aid the survival of bacteria in adverse conditions

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Compare and contrast eukaryotic cells with prokaryotic cells

  1. Prokaryotic cells don’t contain a nucleus but eukaryotic cells do

  2. DNA is not associated with histones in P cells but it is i...

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3.6: Prokaryotic Cells and Viruses
TermDefinition
What is the function of the cell wall?
Made from murein Excludes certain substances and protects against mechanical damage and osmotic lysis
What is the function of the capsule?
Protects bacterium from other cells and helps groups of bacteria stick together for further protection
What is the function of the cell-surface membrane?
Acts as a differentially permeable layer which controls the entry and exit of chemicals
What is the function of circular DNA?
Possesses the genetic information for the replication of bacterial cells

What is the function of plasmids?

  1. Possess genes that may aid the survival of bacteria in adverse conditions

Compare and contrast eukaryotic cells with prokaryotic cells

  1. Prokaryotic cells don’t contain a nucleus but eukaryotic cells do

  2. DNA is not associated with histones in P cells but it is in E cells

  3. P cells-circular DNA, E cells-linear DNA

  4. P cells- no membrane bound organelles, E cells-membrane bound organelles

  5. P cells- smaller ribosomes than in E cells

  6. P cells- may have a capsule, E cells- no capsule

  7. P cells- no chloroplasts, E cells- chloroplasts present in plants and algae

What are viruses?
A-cellular, non-living particles

What is the structure of a virus?

Lipid envelope
Capsid
Matrix
Reverse transcriptase
RNA
Attachment proteins