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A Level Computer Science Paper 1: 1.3.4 Web Technologies Part 2

Mathematics21 CardsCreated 26 days ago

Web indexing involves recording and organizing information about online resources. Web crawlers automatically scan and catalogue web pages, while meta tags within HTML help describe page content to improve search visibility.

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Index

A record of resources located on the world wide web

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Key Terms

Term
Definition

Index

A record of resources located on the world wide web

Web crawler

Internet bots that continuously crawl the web to discover and record publicly available web pages
Creates an index that is searched for relevant...

Meta tags

A description of the content of a web page inside the HTML tags to make it more likely to be found

PageRank uses

Ranks web pages based on how many web pages link to them and the amount of pages that link to those

PR(A) formula

PR(A) = (1-d) + d(PR(Ti)/C(Ti) + … + PR(Tn)/C(Tn))

Ti -> Tn are all the pages that lead to a page so divide each page rank by the amount o...

d

Damping factor - probability of a user not opening that link

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A Level Computer Science Paper 1: 1.3.4 Web Technologies Part 2
TermDefinition

Index

A record of resources located on the world wide web

Web crawler

Internet bots that continuously crawl the web to discover and record publicly available web pages
Creates an index that is searched for relevant content when you search

Meta tags

A description of the content of a web page inside the HTML tags to make it more likely to be found

PageRank uses

Ranks web pages based on how many web pages link to them and the amount of pages that link to those

PR(A) formula

PR(A) = (1-d) + d(PR(Ti)/C(Ti) + … + PR(Tn)/C(Tn))

Ti -> Tn are all the pages that lead to a page so divide each page rank by the amount of outward links and sum

d

Damping factor - probability of a user not opening that link

C(Ti)

The number of outward links from page TI

PageRank Process

Starting with each PageRank as 1, iterate the algorithm for each.
Keep iterating, feeding new values only at the end of each iteration (when every page has had PageRank run on it)

Client-server

Clients on terminals access the central server to carry out tasks
Diagram has a central server connected to terminals by lines

Client-server advantages

+ Secure
+ Can be used for small and large organisations
+ Complex tasks are performed quicker

Client-server disadvantages

  • Requires specialist IT staff to maintain (expensive)

- If the server breaks down no devices can be used

Peer-to-peer architecture

Has no central server, processing is done by the client’s devices which are connected to each other
Diagram has terminals connected like in a full mesh topology

Peer-to-peer advantages

+ Computers can communicate without going through a server

+ Useful for small organisations

Peer-to-peer disadvantages

  • No central server to protect security

- Data cannot be retrieved from a computer that is switched off

Client side processing

Scripts that handle initial processing are run on the terminal rather than the main server

Client-side uses

Tasks such as validating inputs which could be run quicker without being passed to a server


Client side advantages

+ Quicker execution as there is no communication with the server
+ Removes potentially unnecessary processing from the server


Client side disadvantages

  • Not all browsers support all scripts

- Dependent on the machine’s performance

Application Programming Interface(API)

A set of tools that can be used for building software applications

Server

A device which provides a central point of control

Holds information and resources and has greater processing power

Search engine

A program that searches through a database of internet addresses based on criteria set by the client