CompTIA A+ 220-1001 & 220-1002 Jason Dion - CompTIA A+ 1002 Exam Prep #1

Battery Backup
Line Conditioner

Explanation:
Line Conditioner - Protects equipment from Power Surges, helps to correct voltage and waveform distortions, and removes external electrical noise (IE: Frequency, Electromagnetic Interference) caused by devices such as radios and motors.

Battery Backup - Like a UPS (Uninterruptable Power Supply), have protections against Sags or Brownouts and will keep a System running for a limited amount of time, enough time to properly save your work and power down.

Defragment the Hard Drive

Explanation:
Defragging is a simple process when file fragments are put together to speed up file access. File fragments are put together, and quality defragmentation utilities also assemble the free space into a single block to prevent future fragmentation. By defragmenting the hard drive, the server doesn’t have to spend as much time accessing the information, and it can boot up faster. Based on the Clicking Noises, it sounds like the system has to access many parts of the drive to load files.

My Explanation:
The question focuses alot on BOOT, and REBOOT language, so I thought it was “Remove unnecessary applications from Startup” so the System boots up and loads into Windows Faster. The key part of the question that I missed however is Clicking Noises. Clicking Noises to me indicates that the DRIVE is Failing, per A+ 1001. However; apparently there’s some aspects of Defragmenting that sort of Error Checks Drives and can potentially clear Clicking sounds from Drives. However, non A+ Exam advice, I’d still consider this a Drive that is failing and I’d back things up and be ready for a replacement.

rm -rf /

Explanation:
The “rm -rf /” command is the most dangerous command to issue in Linux. The rm -rf command is one of the fastest ways to delete a folder and its contents. But a little typo or ignorance may result in unrecoverable system damage.

The -r option means that the command will recursively delete the folder and its subfolders.

The -f option means that even read-only files wil be removed without asking the user.

The use of / indicates that the remove command should begin at the ROOT directory ( / ) and recursively force all files and folders to be deleted under the ROOT. This would delete everything on the System.

The . would only be deleting from the current working directory and then delete all files and folders further down the directory structure, not the entire file system.

Restore the Sales Department Folders from Backups

Explanation: (My Take)
The KEY piece of the LONG question is “….to RESTORE the Company’s Network to Normal Operation”. From a Malware 7 Step process, I believe and answered it was Disable System Restore, to prevent the specific Workstation from creating a Restore point that has the Malware Infection on it as you Remediate and remove the Malware. But that’s not what the question was asking. From a Business Standpoint, you Quarantine the Source Workstation that contains the Malware - and they indicate they did, then you want to get the Business Network restore ASAP and back up and running. – THEN, go back to taking care of the infected workstation.

rw-r–r–

Explanation:
r = 4
w = 2
x = 1

Knowing this, that means RW = 6, R = 4, and R = 4 over the 3 layers of Linux Permissions.

Line Conditioner

Explanation:
Line Conditioners are used to protect an entire power circuit from Under-Voltage events and power sags. Line Conditioners raise a sag or under-voltage event back to Normal Levels, but it cannot protect the line from a Complete Power Failure or Power Outage. These are also known as Voltage Regulators and Power Distribution Units.

Because the question’s requirement must protect ALL of the Workstations, a Line Conditioner is the Best Option.

An uninterruptible power supply or UPS is an electrical apparatus that provides emergency power to a load when the input power source becomes too low or the main power fails. UPS provides near-instantaneous protection from input power interruptions by using a battery backup.

The user is the victim of a rogue antivirus attack

Rollback the drivers to the previous version

set type=ns

Explanation:
The nslookup command is used to query the Domain Name System to obtain the mapping between a domain name and an IP Address or to view other DNS records.

The “set type=ns” tells nslookup only reports information on name servers.

If you used “set type=mx” instead, you would receive information only on mail exchange servers.

PHI (Personal Health Information)

Explanation:
PHI (Personal Health Information) refers to medical and insurance records, plus associated hospital and lab test results.

PII (Personal Identifiable Information) refers to data that can be used to identify, contact, or locate an individual. Information such as a Social Security Number, name, date of birth, email address, telephone number, street address, biometric data is considered PII.

IP (Intellectual Property) or Proprietary Information is information created and owned by the company.

CUI (Controlled Unclassified Information) is federal non-classified information that must be safeguarded by implementing a uniform set of requirements and information security controls to secure sensitive government information.

rwx——

Explanation:
r = 4
w = 2
x = 1

Knowing this, that means RWX = 7, then there is 0 Permissions for the next 2 levels in Linux Permissions.

Folder Options

Explanation:
File Explorer Options section of the Control Panel allows techs to customize the display of files and folders. You can enable or disable the ability to show hidden files, hide file extensions, and more. If you configure to view hidden files, you will see the system files such as the “ntuser.dat” file that are hidden from users by default.

The User Accounts section of the Control Panel allows techs to add user accounts, remove user accounts, change account types, reset account passwords, and other settings relevant to user accounts and their security.

Access Control Vestibule

Explanation:
Access Control Vestibule is a physical security access control system comprising a small space with two sets of interlocking doors, such that the first set of doors must be closed before the second set opens.

Thumbprint Reader or Cipher Lock will ensure that only an authorized user can open the door, but it won’t prevent someone from piggybacking and entering with them.

Video Monitoring is passive security, it won’t prevent two people from entering at once.

Reboot the workstation into Safe Mode and rollback the recent security update

LTS Release

Explanation: (My Take)
End of Life Support, being concerned with it means, you want a STABLE Distro of Linux, something that will be SUPPORTED, for the Long Term. LTS Release stands for (Long Term Support).

Beta Release is a Pre-Release of software product that is given out to a large group of users for a LIMITED Time and is supported for a LIMITED Time.

Developer Release is also a Pre-Release of a software product that is given out to software developers to TEST. Again, Supported for a LIMITED Time.

Rolling Release is a CONCEPT of Software development where an application is frequently updated through the release of new features over time.

Check the status of the print server queue

Explanation: (My Take)
The KEY word in the question was “Office” printer. Implies a Print Server/Networked Printer.
If no errors show in the taskbar’s printer icon, the user should open the print queue to determine if the print job has become stuck.
If it is, the print queue can be emptied or reset.

Spoofing (MAC Spoofing)

bootrec /fixboot

Explanation:
To repair the Drive’s BOOT SECTOR - you should use the command “bootrec /fixboot” and reboot the computer.

“bootrec /fixmbr” is used to attempt to repair the MASTER BOOT RECORD of a Drive. The first 512-byte sector on a Hard Disk.

“bootrec /rebuildbcd” command is used to add missing Windows Installation to the Boot Configuration Database (BCD).

diskpart command is used in the command-line partitioning utility available for Windows that is used to view, create, delete, and modify a computers disk partition.

VNC (Virtual Network Computing)

Explanation: (My Take)
KEY words “Open Source” and “Tool”.
VNC is a remote access TOOL and protocol. It is used for Screen Sharing on Linux and macOS.

RDP is NOT Open-Source.
SSH and Telnet are Text Based Remote Access Tools.

RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol) uses Port 3389 and is a proprietary protocol developed by Microsoft which provides a user with a graphical interface to connect to another computer over a network connection.
SSH (Secure Shell) uses Port 22 to securely create communication sessions over the Internet for remote access to a server or system.
Telnet uses Port 23 to provide a bidirectional interactive text-oriented communication facility using a virtual terminal connection but sends its data in plaintext making it an insecure protocol.

Rollback Plan

Explanation: (My Take)
It’s a BackOUT Plan or Rollback Plan, they are the same thing. IT Governance integration approach that specifies the processes required to restore a system to its original or earlier state in the event of a failed or aborted implementation. Every Change Request should be accompanied by a Rollback or BackOUT Plan so that the change can be reversed if it has harmful or unforeseen consequences.

BackUP Plan is a documented business process that identifies how data will be available for recovery by quickly copying critical data from a backup system to the production environment.

Contingency Plan or Alternative Plan is a plan devised for an outcome other than the usual (Expected) plan. Often used in Risk Management for exceptional risk.

Ask Sam about the pop-up notification and determine what new programs he installed on his computer.
Verify Sam’s computer has the correct web browser configuration and settings.

PII (Personal Identifiable Information)

Explanation:
The four forms of regulated data covered by the exam are:
PII (Personally Identifiable Information)
PCI (Payment Card Industry)
GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation)
PHI (Protected Health Information)

AUP (Acceptable Use Policy
DRM (Digital Rights Management)
DMCA (Digital Millennium Copyright Act)

Server’s NIC Drivers

Explanation: (My Take)
There’s no such thing as rolling back a Server’s IP Address.
Antivirus Updates/Web Browser has nothing to do with Network Connectivity

Sometimes Windows Updates can install incompatible Drivers for your hardware and need to be rolled back. In this case, the NIC Card Drivers.

Spotlight

Explanation: (My Take)
KEY words - Search via keyword or phrase…

Spotlight in macOS is like a SUPER SEARCH.

Shutdown the Workstation

Explanation:

shutdown /s = shutdown

shutdown /l = log off

shutdown /h = hibernate or sleep mode

shutdown /r = reboot

Purpose

SFC (System File Checker)

bootrec /fixmbr

Explanation:
The master boot record (MBR) is the first 512-byte sector on a hard disk. It contains the partitioning information for a drive. To repair the master boot record (MBR), you should use the command "bootrec /fixmbr" and reboot the computer.

If the disk cannot be detected, enter the system setup and try modifying settings (or even resetting the default settings). If the system firmware reports the disk's presence, but Windows still will not boot, use a startup repair tool to open a recovery mode command prompt and use the bootrec tool to repair the drive's boot information. The "bootrec /fixboot" command is used to attempt a repair of the boot sector of a drive.

The "bootrec /rebuildbcd" command is used to add missing Windows installations to the Boot Configuration Database (BCD).

The diskpart command is a command-line disk-partitioning utility available for Windows that is used to view, create, delete, and modify a computer's disk partitions.

Enable Network Discovery

MAC Filtering

Attempt to restore to a test server from one of the backup files to verify them.

Event Viewer

Phishing

An Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)

Worm

Explanation
A worm is a standalone malware computer program that replicates itself to spread to other computers. Often, it uses a computer network to spread itself, relying on security failures on the target computer to access it. A worm can spread on its own, whereas a virus needs a host program or user interaction to propagate itself.

A virus is malicious software designed to infect computer files or disks when it is activated. A virus may be programmed to carry out other malicious actions, such as deleting files or changing system settings.

A trojan is a type of malware that looks legitimate but can take control of your computer. A Trojan is designed to damage, disrupt, steal, or in general, inflict some other harmful action on your data or network. The most common form of a trojan is a Remote Access Trojan (RAT), which allows an attacker to control a workstation or steal information remotely. To operate, a trojan will create numerous processes that run in the background of the system.

Ransomware is a type of malware designed to deny access to a computer system or data until a ransom is paid. Ransomware typically spreads through phishing emails or by unknowingly visiting an infected website. Once infected, a system or its files are encrypted, and then the decryption key is withheld from the victim unless payment is received.

Tailgating

Remediate the Infected Systems

Explanation:
The seven steps of the malware removal procedures are

(1) Investigate and verify malware symptoms,
(2) Quarantine the infected systems,
(3) Disable System Restore in Windows,
(4) Remediate the infected systems, update anti-malware software, scan the system, and use removal techniques (e.g., safe mode, pre-installation environment),
(5) Schedule scans and run updates,
(6) Enable System Restore and create a restore point in Windows, and
(7) Educate the end user.

BYOD (Bring Your Own Device)

Explanation
BYOD (Bring Your Own Device) refers to the policy of permitting employees to bring personally owned devices to their workplace and to use those devices to access privileged company information and applications.

A memorandum of understanding (MOU) is important because it defines the responsibilities of each party in an agreement, provides the scope and authority of the agreement, clarifies terms, and outlines compliance issues.

A non-disclosure agreement (NDA) is a legal contract or part of a contract between at least two parties that outlines confidential material, knowledge, or information that the parties wish to share for certain purposes but wish to restrict access to.

A service level agreement (SLA) is a commitment between a service provider and a client for particular aspects of the service, such as quality, availability, or responsibilities.

In-Place Upgrade

Phishing

Explanation:
Phishing is an email-based social engineering attack in which the attacker sends an email from a supposedly reputable source, such as a bank, to try to elicit private information from the victim. Phishing attacks target an indiscriminate large group of random people. The email in this scenario appears to be untargeted since it was sent to both customers and non-customers of this particular bank so it is best classified as phishing.

Spear phishing is the fraudulent practice of sending emails from a seemingly known or trusted sender to induce targeted individuals to reveal confidential information.

Whaling is an email-based or web-based form of phishing that targets senior executives or wealthy individuals.

A brute-force attack consists of an attacker submitting many passwords or passphrases with the hope of eventually guessing correctly.

Time Machine

gpupdate

chmod

Explanation:
The chmod command sets the permissions of files or directories on a Linux system. A set of flags associated with each file determines who can access that file and how they can access it. These flags are called file permissions or modes. The command name chmod stands for change mode and it restricts the way a file can be accessed.

The chown command is used to change the owner of the file, directory, or link in Linux.

The passwd command changes passwords for user accounts. A normal user may only change the password for their account, while the superuser may change the password for any user.

The pwd command displays the present working directory (current directory) path to the terminal or display. If you are working on a Linux system and are unsure of where you are in the directory structure, type "pwd" and hit enter to display the path to the screen.

Configure the ability to perform a remote wipe
Enable full device encryption

Explanation:
The BEST protections for the data would involve enabling full disk encryption and configuring the ability to perform a remote wipe. Even if the device is lost or stolen, its data would be unreadable if it was using full disk encryption.

Additionally, by configuring the ability to wipe the device's storage remotely, the data would be erased before a thief can access it.

The other options are all valid options to increase security, but they do not directly address the issues presented in the scenario.

Sleep

Explanation: (My Take)
Sleep - Think of someone that can easily be woken up from Sleep.

Hibernate - Think of animals that "Hibernate" for the Winter, they generally aren't bothered and won't come out of it till the Winter is over.

Exam Explanation:
Sleep or standby mode is used to save the current session to memory and put the computer into a minimal power state to save battery life when the system is not being used. The computer takes less time to start up again from the sleep or standby mode than it does from the hibernate mode.

Hibernate mode is used to save the current session to disk before powering off the computer to save battery life when the system is not being used. The computer takes longer to start up again from hibernate mode than it does from the sleep or standby mode.

Shutdown mode completely powers off the computer and does not save the current user session to disk. Instead, the shutdown will close all open files and log out the user during the shutdown process.

A lock will secure the desktop with a password while leaving programs running.

Loop

Boolean

Door Locks

Shoulder Surfing

The Workstation couldn't reach the DHCP Server.

Rollback any System Updates or changes since yesterday

Installing an image to the computer over the network

Multifactor
WPA2

Explanation
Since everything is being stored within a cloud-based SaaS application, the doctor's office needs to ensure their network connection uses the highest encryption level (WPA2), and their desktop authentication should use a multifactor authentication system. Multifactor authentication relies on using at least 2 of the following factors: something you know (password or pin), something you have (smart card or key fob), something you are (fingerprint or retinal scan), or something you do (draw a pattern or how you sign your name). Wi-Fi protected access version 2 (WPA2) replaced the original version of WPA after the completion of the 802.11i security standard. WPA2 features an improved method of key distribution and authentication for enterprise networks, though the pre-shared key method is still available for home and small office networks. WPA2 uses the improved AES cipher with counter mode with cipher-block chaining message authentication protocol (CCMP) for encryption.

Wired equivalent privacy (WEP) is an older mechanism for encrypting data sent over a wireless connection. WEP is considered vulnerable to attacks that can break its encryption. WEP relies on the use of a 24-bit initialization vector to secure its preshared key.

The Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) is a mechanism for auto-configuring a WLAN securely for home users. On compatible equipment, users push a button on the access point and connect adapters to associate them securely. WPS is subject to brute force attacks against the PIN used to secure them, making them vulnerable to attack.

The Remote Authentication Dial-in User Service (RADIUS) is used to manage remote and wireless authentication infrastructure. Users supply authentication information to RADIUS client devices, such as wireless access points. The client device then passes the authentication data to an AAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting) server that processes the request.

Single sign-on (SSO) is a type of mutual authentication for multiple services that can accept the credential from one domain or service as authentication for other services.

FaceID | TouchID

Boot Camp

A notice of a legal hold

Explanation
A legal hold is a process that an organization uses to preserve all forms of relevant information when litigation is reasonably anticipated. If a legal hold notice has been given to the backup service, they will not destroy the old backup tapes until the hold is lifted.

The process of discovery is the formal process of exchanging information between the parties about the witnesses and evidence they will present at trial.

The chain of custody is the chronological documentation or paper trail that records the sequence of custody, control, transfer, analysis, and disposition of materials, including physical or electronic evidence.

A data transport request is a formalized request to initiate a data transfer by establishing a circuit or connection between two networks.

BYOD (Bring Your Own Device)

Explanation

The BYOD (bring your own device) strategy opens a network to many vulnerabilities. People can bring their personal devices to the corporate network, and their devices may contain vulnerabilities that could be allowed to roam free on a corporate network.

COPE (company-owned/personally enabled) means that the company provides the users with a smartphone primarily for work use, but basic functions such as voice calls, messaging, and personal applications are allowed, with some controls on usage and flexibility.

With CYOD, the user can choose which device they wish to use from a small selection of devices approved by the company. The company then buys, procures, and secures the device for the user.

The MDM is a mobile device management system that gives centralized control over COPE company-owned personally enabled devices.

Keychain

passwd

Explanation:
passwd command is used to change a user's account password on a Linux system. A normal user can run passwd to change their password, and a system administrator (the superuser) can use passwd to change another user's password or define how that account's password can be used or changed.

chmod command sets the permissions of files or directories on a Linux system. A set of flags associated with each file determines who can access that file and how they can access it. These flags are called file permissions or modes. The command name chmod stands for change mode and it restricts the way a file can be accessed.

chown command is used to change the owner of the file, directory, or link in Linux.

pwd command displays the present working directory (current directory) path to the terminal or display. If you are working on a Linux system and are unsure of where you are in the directory structure, type "pwd" and hit enter to display the path to the screen.

traceroute

Explanation:
traceroute command is used on Linux, Unix, and OS X devices to show details about the path that a packet takes from a host to a target and displays information about each hop in the path. While using ping will tell you if the remote website is reachable or not, it will not tell you where the connection is broken. Traceroute performs a series of ICMP echo requests to determine which device in the connection path is not responding appropriately. This will help identify if the connectivity issue lies within your workstation and the server since the traffic must be routed between the two networks.

dig command is used to query the domain name system (DNS) to obtain information about host addresses, mail exchanges, nameservers, and related information.

ifconfig tool is used on Linux, Unix, and OS X devices to display the current TCP/IP network configuration, assign an IP address, and assign configure TCP/IP settings for a given network interface.

chown

Explanation:
The chown command changes user ownership of a file, directory, or link in Linux. Every file is associated with an owning user or group.

The chmod command sets the permissions of files or directories on a Linux system. A set of flags associated with each file determines who can access that file and how they can access it. These flags are called file permissions or modes. The command name chmod stands for change mode and it restricts the way a file can be accessed.

The passwd command changes passwords for user accounts. A normal user may only change the password for their account, while the superuser may change the password for any user.

The pwd command displays the present working directory (current directory) path to the terminal or display. If you are working on a Linux system and are unsure of where you are in the directory structure, type "pwd" and hit enter to display the path to the screen.

Open-Source

The smartphone is connected to the FreeAirportWIFI but is not authenticated yet.

Risk Analysis

Explanation:
The risk analysis portion of the change request documentation provides the risk levels of carrying out the change, or not performing the requested change at this time. Risk is the likelihood and impact (or consequence) of a given action. It is important to understand the risk involved with a change before deciding to proceed with implementing the change.

The plan of the change defines how the change or installation will occur. The change request documentation should define the 5 W's (who, what, when, where, why, and how), with the plan documentation covering how the change is implemented. For example, the plan might say that the installation will be performed manually or through an automated patching process. It may also dictate that all servers will receive the update simultaneously or that five servers will receive it first, then another ten, then the remaining twenty.

The purpose of the change defines why the change or installation will occur. The change request documentation should define the 5 W's (who, what, when, where, why, and how) to define the why behind the change. For example, the purpose might be "to remediate several category one vulnerabilities so that our security is improved."

The change's scope defines the area, number, size, or scale of a particular change. The change request documentation should define the exact scope of the change. In this example, only some of the Windows 2019 servers will receive the patch. If 50% of them are listed by their asset tracking number will receive the patch, this would clearly define this change's scope.

Server Rack | UPS

Disconnect the workstation from the network

Dumpster Diving

WPS Enabled | Default Administrative Login Credentials

Social Engineering

Privacy Screen

Time Machine

gpresult

Explanation:
A Group Policy is the primary administrative tool for defining and controlling how programs, network resources, and the operating system operate for users and computers in an organization. In an active directory environment, Group Policy is applied to users or computers based on their membership in sites, domains, or organizational units.

The gpresult command is used to display the Resultant Set of Policy (RSoP) information for a remote user and computer. Because you can apply overlapping policy settings to any computer or user, the Group Policy feature generates a resulting set of policy settings when the user logs on. The gpresult command displays the resulting set of policy settings that were enforced on the computer for the specified user when the user logged on.

The gpupdate command-line tool is used to update the group policy settings on a Windows system. For an administrator to force a background update of all Group Policy settings regardless of whether they have changed, they need to run "gpupdate /force" from the command line. The deployment image servicing and management (DISM) is a command-line tool used to mount and service Windows images before deployment.

The dism command with the /RestoreHealth option can run a scan to identify and repair any image or virtual hard drive corruption.

The system file checker (SFC) command is a utility in Windows that allows users to scan for and restore corrupted Windows system files from the command line.

Thumbprint and Password

Plan

Identify the Issue

Increase the Pagefile Size

Restart the Print Spooler Service

Explanation:
Based on the issue described, it is likely that the print spooler service is not started or has become hung. To fix this issue, an administrator should restart the print spooler service. The Print Spooler is software built into the Windows operating system that temporarily stores print jobs in the computer's memory until the printer is ready to print them. In some circumstances, you may need to stop and/or restart the service. To access the Print Spooler, you must open the Local Services console. If restarting the print spooler doesn't fix the issue, the technician should check the driver and determine if it is faulty and needs to be rolled back or upgraded.

Trojan

Explanation:
A trojan is a type of malware that looks legitimate but can take control of your computer. A Trojan is designed to damage, disrupt, steal, or in general, inflict some other harmful action on your data or network. The most common form of a trojan is a Remote Access Trojan (RAT), which allows an attacker to control a workstation or steal information remotely. To operate, a trojan will create numerous processes that run in the background of the system.

Ransomware is a type of malware designed to deny access to a computer system or data until a ransom is paid. Ransomware typically spreads through phishing emails or by unknowingly visiting an infected website. Once infected, a system or its files are encrypted, and then the decryption key is withheld from the victim unless payment is received.

A rootkit is a clandestine computer program designed to provide continued privileged access to a computer while actively hiding its presence. A rootkit is generally a collection of tools that enabled administrator-level access to a computer or network. They can often disguise themselves from detection by the operating system and anti-malware solutions. If a rootkit is suspected on a machine, it is best to reformat and reimage the system.

A keylogger actively attempts to steal confidential information by capturing the data when entered into the computer by the user. This is done by recording keystrokes entered into a web browser or other application. A software keylogger can be run in the background on a victim's computer. A hardware keylogger may be placed between the USB port and the wired keyboard.

Perform a Remote Wipe of the Device

ps

Explanation:
ps command is used to list the currently running processes, and their PIDs and some other information depend on different options. It reads the process information from the virtual files in the /proc file system. The /proc directory contains virtual files and is known as a virtual file system.

kill command sends a signal to specified processes or process groups, causing them to act according to the signal. When the signal is not specified, it defaults to -15 (-TERM), which terminates the specified process by gracefully stopping it. If "kill -9" is used instead, it will immediately kill the process.

grep is a command-line utility for searching plain-text data sets for lines that match a regular expression. The grep command works on Unix, Linux, and macOS operating systems. Grep is an acronym that stands for Global Regular Expression Print.

ls command lists the files or directories in the current path of a Unix, Linux, or Mac operating system. When invoked without any arguments, ls lists the files in the current working directory.

Moving the desktop from the production network to a quarantined VLAN

Reboot the Computer

Explanation:
If any of the .DLL files involved with Windows Update are not correctly registered, you may also encounter this problem. To solve it, open services.msc and stop the Windows Update service. Then, open a Command Prompt as the administrator and use regsvr32 for each of the 6 Windows Update DLL files (wuapi.dll, wuaueng.dll, wups.dll, wups2.dll, wuwebv.dll, and wucltux.dll). Then, open services.msc and restart the Windows Update service. Finally, restart your computer for these changes to take effect.

Provide documentation of the repair to the customer and thank them for their patience

Uninterruptible Power Supply

Notify your immediate supervisor

Device Manager

UTM (Unified Threat Management)

Explanation:
A Unified Threat Management (UTM) appliance enforces a variety of security-related measures, combining the work of a firewall, malware scanner, and intrusion detection/prevention. A UTM centralizes the threat management service, providing simpler configuration and reporting than isolated applications spread across several servers or devices.

An intrusion detection system (IDS) is a device or software application that monitors a network or system for malicious activity or policy violations. Any malicious activity or violation is typically reported to an administrator or collected centrally using a security information and event management system.

Unlike an IPS, which can stop malicious activity or policy violations, an IDS can only log these issues and not stop them. An intrusion prevention system (IPS) conducts the same functions as an IDS but can also block or take actions against malicious events.

A Syslog server is a server that collects diagnostic and monitoring data from the hosts and network devices across a given network.

RAID 10

Explanation:
RAID 10 provides the system with both speed and efficiency. With RAID 10, the system has a mirror of striped disks for full redundancy and double fault tolerance. RAID 10 configuration (also known as RAID 1+0) requires a minimum of four disks and mirrors data across a striped disk pair. This is not only the best option presented in this question but also the most expensive option.

A RAID 0 provides disk striping (speed/performance) but not mirroring with a minimum of two disks.

A RAID 1 provides mirroring (redundancy) but not disk striping with a minimum of two disks.

A RAID 5 provides block-level striping with distributed parity to provide redundancy using a minimum of three disks.

Resolution

Hibernate