Pharmacology /DENH 620 Pharmacology: Chapter 4 Autonomic Drugs
DENH 620 Pharmacology: Chapter 4 Autonomic Drugs
This deck covers key concepts from Chapter 4 of DENH 620 Pharmacology, focusing on autonomic drugs and their effects on the autonomic nervous system (ANS). It includes definitions, neurotransmitter functions, and the influence of sympathetic and parasympathetic systems.
What is the ANS primary function?
Is an automatic modulating system for our bodily functions
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
What is the ANS primary function?
Is an automatic modulating system for our bodily functions
What are the two divisions of the ANS?
The sympathetic (SANS) and parasympathetic (PANS) autonomic nervous systems
What neuron originates in the CNS?
the preganglionic neuron
What is the space between the preganglionic and postganglionic fibers called?
synaptic cleft (synapse)
Where does the cells bodies of the PANS originate?
In the nuclei of the 3rd, 7th, 9th, 10th cranial nerves and the 2nd-4th sacral segments of the spinal cord
Where does the cell bodies of the SANS originate?
In the T1 (Thoracic) to the L2 (Lumbar) segments of the spinal cord
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Term | Definition |
---|---|
What is the ANS primary function? | Is an automatic modulating system for our bodily functions |
What are the two divisions of the ANS? | The sympathetic (SANS) and parasympathetic (PANS) autonomic nervous systems |
What neuron originates in the CNS? | the preganglionic neuron |
What is the space between the preganglionic and postganglionic fibers called? | synaptic cleft (synapse) |
Where does the cells bodies of the PANS originate? | In the nuclei of the 3rd, 7th, 9th, 10th cranial nerves and the 2nd-4th sacral segments of the spinal cord |
Where does the cell bodies of the SANS originate? | In the T1 (Thoracic) to the L2 (Lumbar) segments of the spinal cord |
What does the PANS greatly influence? | Digestion and Intestinal tract motility
Rest + Digest
(ie. Pupil constriction, stimulated salivation, decreased heart rate, airway constriction, stimulated digestion, bladder constriction) |
What does the SANS greatly influence? | Coping with Sudden Emergencies
Flight + Fight
(ie. Pupil dilation, dry mouth, increased heart rate, airway relaxation, slowed digestion, bladder relaxation) |
What is a neurotransmitter? | Is what is released when nerve action potential from a certain cell location or pharmacologic agent to interact and produce an effect on a receptor which dictates tissue response |
Pharmacologic agents can modify ANS activity by altering events associated with neurotransmitters, what are those events? | Synthesis
Storage
Release
Receptor Interaction
Disposition |
What is the neurotransmitter that is produced between the preganglionic and postganglionic synapse? | Acetylcholine (ACh) |
Nerves that release ACh in the synapse are termed? | Cholinergic
Also termed Nicotinic since the synapse can also be stimulated by nicotine |
What is the neurotransmitter that is released from the postganglionic nerve in the PANS? | ACh |
What does the postsynaptic tissue in the PANS respond to? | Muscarine (muscarinic) |
What is the neurotransmitter that is release at the postganglionic nerves in the SANS? | Norepinephrine (NE) |
Nerves that release NE are termed? | Andrenergic |
What neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction? (Not apart of the ANS) | ACh = Cholinergic |
What is the principal mediator in the PANS? | ACh |
What are the principal mediators in the SANS | NE and Epinephrine |
What are the two types of adrenergic receptors in the SANS? | alpha (a) and beta (B) |
What does the stimulation of alpha receptors result in? | Vasoconstriction of smooth muscles in skin and skeletal muscles |
What does the stimulation of B1 receptors result in? | increased rate and strength of the heart muscle
B1 = humans have 1 heart |
What does the stimulation of B2 receptors result in? | vasodilation of bronchioles in lungs (bronchodilation)
B2 = humans have 2 lungs |
Cholinergic (Parasympthomimetic) Agents are classified as? | Direct Acting
Indirect Acting |
Cholinergic Direct Acting Agents | Act on the receptor site |
Cholinergic Indirect Acting Agents | Cause release of neurotransmitter |