StudyXY
RegisterLog in
Chemistry /Edexcel A Level Chemistry: Exam Questions

Edexcel A Level Chemistry: Exam Questions

Chemistry8 CardsCreated 10 days ago

This flashcard set provides explanations for molecular shapes and trends in chemical behavior. It covers the geometry of phosphorus (III) chloride due to electron pair repulsion, the thermal stability of nitrates based on cation size and charge, and the increase in boiling points from chlorine to iodine due to stronger London dispersion forces.

PrintEmbedImportReport

Phosphorus (III) chloride molecules are pyramidal with a bond angle less than 109.5. Explain why. (2)

Pyramidal because there are 3 bonding pairs and one lone pair of electrons on P
Bond angle because lone pair-bond pair repulsion is greater than bond pair-bond pair repulsion

Tap or swipe ↕ to flip
Swipe ←→Navigate
SSpeak
FFocus
1/8

Key Terms

Term
Definition

Phosphorus (III) chloride molecules are pyramidal with a bond angle less than 109.5. Explain why. (2)

Pyramidal because there are 3 bonding pairs and one lone pair of electrons on P
Bond angle because lone pair-bond pair repulsion is greater than...

Calcium Nitrate decomposes in a similar way to magnesium nitrate, but needs a higher temperature. Explain in terms of the charge and size of the cations. (3)

Ca2+ has larger ionic radius
So Ca2+ causes less polarisation
Nitrate ion electron cloud polarised

Explain why boiling temperatures increase from chlorine to iodine. (2)

Down the group, number of electrons increases

So strength of London forces increases and mo...

Explain why zinc ions are colourless (2)

Zinc ions have a full 3d subshell

So electrons cannot move between d orbitals/cannot be promoted

Explain why the first ionisation energy of magnesium is higher than that of sodium (3)

Magnesium has more protons than Sodium, greater effective nuclear charge
Shielding in Magnesium the same as in Sodium
Force of attraction bet...

Explain why different alkanes in crude oil can be separated by fractional distillation (2)

Different alkanes have different boiling temperature

Because of different chain length/strength of intermolecular ...

Log in to view all terms

Related Flashcard Decks

Chemistry

Edexcel A Level Chemistry: 19: Modern Analytical Techniques II

This flashcard set explains the fundamental principles of mass spectrometry, including the formation of molecular ions, the meaning of m/z (mass-to-charge) values, and how high-resolution mass spectrometry provides precise molecular mass measurements.

46 cards
View Deck
Chemistry

Edexcel A Level Chemistry: 7: Modern Analytical Techniques I

This deck covers key concepts in modern analytical techniques, focusing on mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy, as used in A Level Chemistry.

20 cards
View Deck
Chemistry

Edexcel A Level Chemistry: Organic Chemistry I Part 3

This deck covers key concepts from organic chemistry, including isomerism, reactions of alkenes, and properties of alcohols and halogenoalkanes.

30 cards
View Deck
Chemistry

Edexcel A Level Chemistry: 6: Organic Chemistry I Part 2

This deck covers key concepts in organic chemistry, focusing on hydrocarbons, cracking, combustion, biofuels, and isomerism. It includes definitions, processes, and the implications of chemical reactions.

40 cards
View Deck
Chemistry

Edexcel A Level Chemistry: 6: Organic Chemistry I Part 1

This deck covers key concepts in organic chemistry, including functional groups, types of isomers, and reaction mechanisms. It is designed to help students understand the foundational principles of organic chemistry.

40 cards
View Deck
Chemistry

Edexcel A Level Chemistry: 5: Formulae, Equations and Amounts of Substance Part 2

This deck covers key concepts related to formulae, equations, and amounts of substances in chemistry, including gas laws, concentration calculations, and yield measurements.

28 cards
View Deck

Study Tips

  • Press F to enter focus mode for distraction-free studying
  • Review cards regularly to improve retention
  • Try to recall the answer before flipping the card
  • Share this deck with friends to study together
Edexcel A Level Chemistry: Exam Questions
TermDefinition

Phosphorus (III) chloride molecules are pyramidal with a bond angle less than 109.5. Explain why. (2)

Pyramidal because there are 3 bonding pairs and one lone pair of electrons on P
Bond angle because lone pair-bond pair repulsion is greater than bond pair-bond pair repulsion

Calcium Nitrate decomposes in a similar way to magnesium nitrate, but needs a higher temperature. Explain in terms of the charge and size of the cations. (3)

Ca2+ has larger ionic radius
So Ca2+ causes less polarisation
Nitrate ion electron cloud polarised

Explain why boiling temperatures increase from chlorine to iodine. (2)

Down the group, number of electrons increases

So strength of London forces increases and more energy needed to separate the molecules

Explain why zinc ions are colourless (2)

Zinc ions have a full 3d subshell

So electrons cannot move between d orbitals/cannot be promoted

Explain why the first ionisation energy of magnesium is higher than that of sodium (3)

Magnesium has more protons than Sodium, greater effective nuclear charge
Shielding in Magnesium the same as in Sodium
Force of attraction between nucleus and outer electron is greater in Mg

Explain why different alkanes in crude oil can be separated by fractional distillation (2)

Different alkanes have different boiling temperature

Because of different chain length/strength of intermolecular forces

Describe how reactions happen in catalytic converters (3)

Adsorption to catalytic surface
Weakenign of bonds on catalytic surface
Desorption of products

Give the steps to show have 2,4-DNPH can be used to distinguish between phenylethanone and phenylethanal (4)

Formation of yellow/orange precipitate
Filter then recrystallise products
Determination of melting temperature
Comparison and identification from use of database