Hair Chemistry: Foundations Chapter 7: Electricity and Electrical Safety

Which of the following is TRUE of electricity and the beauty and wellness industry?
a. Electricity use in the beauty industry is limited to clippers and most hair dryers.
b. Most of the equipment that beauty professionals deal with is very dangerous.
c. Most beauty professionals will not interact directly with electricity.
d. Advanced electrical machines require an understanding of electrical theory.

How many of the services that beauty professionals offer their clients are impacted by electricity?
a. Only a small handful of them
b. About half of them
c. Most of them
d. All of them

If you were opening a salon or spa, you would need to have a thorough understanding of electricity for all EXCEPT which of the following reasons?
a. You will rely on a variety of electrical devices, including lotion and oil heaters.
b. You will need to be able to properly care for a variety of electrical devices.
c. You will rely on lighting and air temperature controls for the comfort of your clients.
d. You will need to be able to quickly repair electrical devices when they malfunction.

Electricity exhibits __________ effects.
a. magnetic and thermal
b. magnetic
c. magnetic and chemical
d. magnetic, thermal, and chemical

Electricity __________.
a. does not occupy space, nor does it have mass
b. occupies space and has mass
c. occupies space, but has no mass
d. has mass, but occupies no space

Copper is used in electrical wiring and electrical motors because _________.
a. it is a good insulator
b. it is a good conductor
c. it provides safeguards against electrocution
d. it is inexpensive

__________ is a good example of a conductor.
a. Glass
b. Tap water
c. Cement
d. Rubber

__________ is a good example of an insulator.
a. Tap water
b. Wood
c. Steel
d. Copper

Direct current is BEST differentiated against alternating current by which of the following statements?
a. Direct current is the true form of electrical current, whereas alternating current is not.
b. Direct current flows in one direction, whereas alternating current flows back and forth.
c. Direct current flows back and forth, whereas alternating current flows in one direction.
d. Direct current is not truly an electrical current, whereas alternating current is.

Alternating current __________.
a. travels in only one direction
b. is most often found in batteries
c. is a rapid, interrupted current
d. is produced by chemical means

Electrical current is measured by __________.
a. amperes
b. watts
c. ohms
d. volts

Watts measure __________.
a. the pressure or force that pushes electrical current through a conductor
b. how much electrical energy is being used in one second
c. the strength of an electrical current
d. the resistance of an electrical current

Because you rely on a constant, even flow of electricity that is produced by chemical means for the wireless tools you use in you daily work, which of the following is BEST suited to you?
a. A direct current
b. An indirect current
c. An insulator
d. A nonconductor

A wire that is not large enough to carry the electrical current passing through it will __________.
a. save energy
b. not power the device
c. overheat
d. electrocute the user

__________ is an example of an electrical safety device that you may encounter when working as a beauty and wellness professional in a salon or spa.
a. A circuit breaker
b. A conductor
c. An alternating current
d. An ampere

__________ is an electrical safety device that is designed to prevent excessive current from passing through a circuit by blowing out or melting when a wire becomes too hot from overloading the circuit with too much current.
a. A fuse
b. An ampere
c. A circuit breaker
d. A nonconductor

Grounding is important because __________.
a. it prevents downed wires in storms
b. it protects against electrical shock
c. it turns direct current into alternating current
d. it turns conductors into nonconductors

What is the third circular electrical connection on a three-prong plug called?
a. A circuit breaker
b. A grounding pin
c. A fuse
d. A ground fault interrupter

A GFI would MOST likely be required in a(n) __________.
a. basement
b. office building
c. bathroom
d. bedroom

Which of the following is NOT good electrical safety advice?
a. Read all electrical safety instructions carefully.
b. Pull on the cord, not the plug, when disconnecting an electrical appliance.
c. Inspect all electrical equipment regularly.
d. Keep electrical cords off the flood and away from everyone’s feet.

In order to practice good electrical safety, which of the following should you ALWAYS do?
a. Attempt to clean around electrical outlets while equipment is plugged in.
b. Attempt to repair electrical appliances when they malfunction.
c. Twist electrical cords to protect against a short circuit.
d. Disconnect appliances when they are not in use.

If you receive a light shock sensation while using an electrical appliance, you should __________.
a. unplug the appliance from the wall
b. give the appliance a short break before using it again
c. continue using the appliance with caution
d. attempt to repair the appliance immediately

Why are ground fault interrupter (GFI) receptacles strategically placed by all sinks and in all bathrooms where you work?
a. GFI’s are required in places where shock hazard are likely (such as near any running or sitting water).
b. GFI’s are most useful in spas because when multiple appliances are in use, GFI”s must be in place.
c. GFI’s are most useful in spas because appliances that heat up can only operate when a GFI is in place.
d. GFI’S are required wherever direct current is transferred to alternate current (such as in bathrooms).

If you plug a blow-dryer into the outlet on the wall and it immediately starts to spark, what should you do?
a. You should wait for five minutes to see if the sparking stops, then continue using the blow-dryer.
b. You should unplug the blow-dryer and attempt to repair it before trying to plug it in again.
c. You should unplug the blow-dryer immediately and use another dryer until that one can be repaired.
d. You should throw the blow-dryer away and immediately call the fire department.

If, while using the curling iron, you accidentally drop the equipment into a sink full of water, which of the following should you do?
a. You should quickly unplug the curling iron from the outlet.
b. You should quickly grab the iron out of the sink full of water.
c. You should get everyone out of the salon and call the fire department.
d. You should run over to the circuit breaker panel and shut down all power to the salon.

What is the use of electrical currents to treat the skin called?
a. Electrolysis
b. Electrode
c. Electrocution
d. Electrotherapy

__ is used as an applicator for directing electric current from an electrotherapy device to the client's skin.
a. An electrode
b. A fuse
c. An ohm
d. A modality

The poles of an electric current are either __.
a. conductive or nonconductive
b. direct or alternating
c. left or right
d. positive or negative

Which of the following BEST differentiates a positive electrode from a negative electrode?
a. The positive electrode has an electric charge; whereas the negative electrode does not.
b. The positive electrode has no electric charge; whereas the negative electrode does.
c. The positive electrode is called an anode; whereas the negative electrode is called a cathode.
d. The positive electrode is called a cathode; whereas the negative electrode is called an anode.

A galvanic current __.
a. has a positive and a negative pole
b. is an indirect current
c. does not produce a chemical change
d. is a broken, inconsistent current

When using cataphoresis, you can expect __.
a. a closing of pores
b. a stimulation of nerves
c. a softening of tissues
d. an increase in blood supply

When using anaphoresis, you can expect __.
a. a stimulation of nerves
b. a decrease in blood supply
c. a closing of pores
d. a hardening of tissues

Microcurrent would be MOST useful in __.
a. slowing healing time for acne lesions
b. removing the natural protective barrier of the skin
c. reducing redness and inflammation
d. decreasing muscle tone

Tesla high-frequency current is used for __.
a. improving germicidal action
b. slowing blood circulation
c. decreasing elimination and absorption
d. decreasing skin metabolism

What is a condition that prohibits certain treatments called?
a. A conductor
b. A contraindication
c. A catalyst
d. A cathode

If you are using electrical currents to treat your client's skin in an electrotherapy procedure, which of the following is TRUE of this treatment that you are giving your client?
a. The currents being used must be either negative or positive; both cannot be used.
b. You are not using a probe in this procedure.
c. You must be using Tesla high-frequency current.
d. The current being used is considered a modality.

If you are using galvanic current on your client as part of their skin treatments, which of the following would BEST explain why you would want to choose to use cataphoresis instead of anaphoresis?
a. You are trying to expand your client's blood vessels.
b. You are trying to soften your client's tissues.
c. You are trying to open your client's pores.
d. You are attempting to soothe your client's nerves.

If you are using galvanic current on your client as part of their skin treatments, which of the following would BEST explain why you would want to choose to use anaphoresis instead of cataphoresis?
a. You are trying to soften your client's tissues.
b. You are attempting to soothe your client's nerves.
c. You are trying to close your client's pores.
d. You are trying to contract your client's blood vessels.

The electromagnetic spectrum is the name given to __.
a. all forms of energy except for gamma rays
b. all forms of microwaves
c. all forms of energy except for X-rays
d. all of the forms of energy that exist

The type of energy that is MOST associated with nuclear power plants is __.
a. X-rays
b. radio waves
c. gamma rays
d. microwaves

Fluorescent light __.
a. is a type of incandescent light
b. is warmer than natural sunlight
c. is cooler than natural sunlight
d. is a yellow-gold light

Energy moves through space __.
a. in waves
b. by physical force
c. mechanically
d. electromagnetically

Which of the following BEST differentiates between long wavelengths and short wavelengths?
a. Short wavelengths are visible; whereas long wavelengths are not.
b. Long wavelengths are visible; whereas short wavelengths are not.
c. Short wavelengths have low frequency; whereas long wavelengths have high frequency.
d. Long wavelengths have low frequency; whereas short wavelengths have high frequency.

_ percent natural sunlight is visible, making up the visible spectrum of light.
a. 10
b. 70
c. 35
d. 95

Infrared light __.
a. is visible to the eye
b. is a bluish light
c. produces heat
d. is galvanic

Ultraviolet light __.
a. has a long wavelength
b. is hot light
c. is invisible
d. slows chemical reactions

__ light prompts the skin to produce beneficial vitamin D.
a. Galvanic
b. Ultraviolet
c. Infrared
d. Fluorescent

Which of the following is light therapy also known as?
a. Radiotherapy
b. Laser therapy
c. Heat therapy
d. Phototherapy

Light therapy is LEAST likely to be used for the following clients:
a. Clients that want to get rid of wrinkles on their foreheads.
b. Clients that want to remove the hair on their backs.
c. Clients that want to eliminate some of their age spots.
d. Clients that want to lighten their hair color.