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HOSA: Med Term Respiratory Part 2
This deck covers key medical terminology related to respiratory conditions, symptoms, and diseases, as outlined in the HOSA curriculum.
describe STREP THROAT
pharyngitis from bactera; red, painful, & purulent throat
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
describe STREP THROAT
pharyngitis from bactera; red, painful, & purulent throat
describe LARYNGOSPASM
sudden spasmodic closure of larynx; sometimes w/GERD
define APHONIA
only able to whisper
aka: aphonia
lost voice
describe DYSPHONIA
difficulty speaking; s/s: hoarseness, weakness, cracking
define LARYNGITIS
voice lost bc of inflammation of larynx
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
describe STREP THROAT | pharyngitis from bactera; red, painful, & purulent throat |
describe LARYNGOSPASM | sudden spasmodic closure of larynx; sometimes w/GERD |
define APHONIA | only able to whisper |
aka: aphonia | lost voice |
describe DYSPHONIA | difficulty speaking; s/s: hoarseness, weakness, cracking |
define LARYNGITIS | voice lost bc of inflammation of larynx |
define ACUTE BRONCHITIS | inflammation of bronchi gen from viral infection; s/s: productive cough, shortness of breath, wheezing, low fever |
aka: acute bronchitis | chest cold |
define BRONCHIECTASIS | permanent thickening of bronchi walls bc of chronic infection & inflammation |
define BRONCHORRHEA | excessive discharge of water mucus from bronchi bc chronic bronchitis or asthma |
define PLEURISY | inflammation of pleura |
aka: pleurisy | pleuritis |
cause: pleurisy | trauma, tuberculosis, connective tissue disease, infection |
describe PLEURODYNIA | sharp chest pain bc of pleurisy; inflamed pleural membranes rube w/inhalation |
describe PLEURAL EFFUSION | excess accumulation of fluid in pleural space leading to fluid into pleural cavity causing limited lung expansion & breathlessness; common w/pneumona, CHF, & kidney/liver disease |
define PYOTHORAX | pus in pleural cavity between pleural layers bc of bacterial infection |
aka: pyothorax | pleural empyema |
define EMPYEMA | collection of pus in any body cavity |
describe HEMOTHORAX | blood/bodily fluid in pleural cavity bc of trauma, disease, or surgery; common w/pneumonia, TB, & malignant tumors |
describe PNEUMOTHORAX | air in pleural space causing pressure imbalance & full/partial collapse bc of trauma/lung disease related rupture |
define ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME (ARDS) | lung inflammation & fluid in alveoli cause low O2 levels bc O2 can't reach blood |
cause of ARDS | trauma, pneumonia, smoke/fumes, inhaled vomit, sepsis |
describe ATELECTASIS | incomplete expansion of part/all lung from blockage or pneumothorax; alveoli can't expand |
aka: atelectasis | collapsed lung |
define GRANULOMA | local area of inflammation in lungs |
describe PULMONARY EDEMA | fluid in lung tissue (esp alveoli); gen symptom for heart failure |
define PULMONARY EMBOLISM | sudden blockage of pulmonary artery from embolus |
describe TUBERCULOSIS (TB) | infectious disease that gen attacks lungs & in ppl w/weak immune systems; can be latent in healthy ppl & drug resistant |
define PNEUMONIA | alveoli & air passages filled w/pus & fluid |
cause: pneumonia | infection, bacteria, fungi, virus, aspiration, pollution/chemical |
describe COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA (CAP) | from contagious infection outside hospital; gen bacterial but can be fungal/viral |
define BRONCHOPNEUMONIA | bacterial pneumonia that gen leads to lobar pneumonia |
define LOBAR PNEUMONIA | at least 1 lobe affected |
define HOSPITAL-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA | defenses impaired & acquired @ hospital |
aka: hospital acquired pneumonia | nosocomial pneumonia |
describe MYCOPLASMA | milder & longer lasting; bacterial |
aka: mycoplasma | walking pneumonia |
define PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA (PCP or PJP) | opportunistic pneumonia caused by fungus |
statistic of viral pneumonia | ~1/2 all pneumonia |
describe INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE | group of about 200 disorders causing inflammation & scarring of alveoli & other structures; scarred & stiff cause low O2 transfer |
describe PULMONARY FIBROSIS | progressive formation of scar tissue in lung causing difficulty breathing & decreased lung capacity; an interstitial lung disease |
define PNEUMOCONIOSIS | fibrosis of lung tissues bc of mineral dust |
define ASBESTOSIS | asbestos particles in lung |
define SILICOSIS | siica dust in lungs |
describe CYSTIC FIBROSIS | genetic bc of 2 faulty genes affecting respiratory, digestive, & reproductive; can't easily process mucus leading to buildup, lungs & pancreas become clogged |
s/s: cystic fibrosis | lung damage, poor growth, nutrtional deficiencies, wheezing, persistent cough, chronic respiratory infections, heat intolerance, pancreatic insufficiency, excessive mucus in lungs, lots of sweating, impaired secretion of intestinal fluids |
describe BRONCHOGENIC CARCINOMA | leading cause of cancer death; origin in bronchi |
aka: bronchogenic carcinoma | lung cancer |
define BRADYPNEA | slow heart rate (<10/min) |
describe CHEYNE-STOKES RESPIRATION | irregular breathing pattern w/alt. rapid/shallow breath & bradypnea/apnea; in comatose & near death ppl |