IB Psychology HL - CLOA - Ethical Considerations Related to CLOA Research
Ethical considerations in Cognitive Level of Analysis research include ensuring informed consent from participants, maintaining their comfort and anonymity, minimizing harm, and using non-invasive techniques whenever possible. When animals are used, strict ethical guidelines must be followed to ensure their welfare.
ethical considerations in CLOA
use of animals in research
use of non-invasive techniques
informed consent
comfort
anonymity
Key Terms
ethical considerations in CLOA
use of animals in research
use of non-invasive techniques
informed consent
comfort
anonymity
why are animals used?
less moral obligation involved
can test some aspects that would be otherwise highly unethical to test in humans
cited study: Clark et a...
guidelines followed in use of animals
refinement
replacement
reduction
guidelines followed in use of animals: refinement
animal research should be as focused as possible
- must be realistic + achievable aims with regard to expansion of information about that spe...
guidelines followed in use of animals: replacement
researchers should consider all options
- should always look for non-animal methods of investigation
guidelines followed in use of animals: reduction
expose as few animals to pain, suffering, and distress as possible
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
ethical considerations in CLOA | use of animals in research use of non-invasive techniques informed consent comfort anonymity |
why are animals used? | less moral obligation involved can test some aspects that would be otherwise highly unethical to test in humans cited study: Clark et al. (2009) |
guidelines followed in use of animals | refinement replacement reduction |
guidelines followed in use of animals: refinement | animal research should be as focused as possible - must be realistic + achievable aims with regard to expansion of information about that species |
guidelines followed in use of animals: replacement | researchers should consider all options - should always look for non-animal methods of investigation |
guidelines followed in use of animals: reduction | expose as few animals to pain, suffering, and distress as possible |
animal studies: how did the study chosen follow ethical considerations? | Rosenzweig, Bennet, and Diamond (1972): ethical issue against ‘reduction’ guideline: animals were killed for the sake of the experiment followed ‘refinement’ guideline: results helped us understand how environmental factors affect neuroplasticity conclusion: can be argued that the research was justified in spite of ethical issues |
informed consent | should always be sought after when possible some studies (e.g. Sacks, 2007) can’t request informed consent as certain subjects (e.g. Clive Wearing) could not comprehend the nature of the experiment therefore could not give informed consent but family members/guardians/etc can give consent by proxy |
informed consent: how did the study chosen follow ethical considerations? | Clive Wearing was not able to remember participating in research so it could be argued that it was unethical however, the findings are significant – this justifies it |
confidentiality issues | with case studies, there is higher risk of participants’ anonymity being compromised due to the depth of info obtained and the possible uniqueness of their case hence the researcher may need to take extra steps to protect their identity Study: Sacks (2007) |
comfort issues | the researcher should prioritize participants’ comfort over any potential information gain Study: Loftus et al. (1987) |
comfort: how did the study chosen follow ethical considerations? | Loftus et al. (1987) involved staging criminal activity around the participant potentially upsetting |
non-invasive methods of investigation | non-invasive techniques cause no harm to subjects yet can still give valuable insights cited study: Maguire et al. (2000) |