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Pharmacology /Medical Terminology: Pharmacology & Medical Prescriptions Part 3

Medical Terminology: Pharmacology & Medical Prescriptions Part 3

Pharmacology25 CardsCreated about 2 months ago

This deck covers key pharmacological terms and definitions related to drug classifications and their uses in medical prescriptions.

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Define: Hypersensitivity

An exaggerated response of the immune system to a drug, leading to allergic reactions. The patient exhibited hypersensitivity to the medication, requiring immediate intervention.
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
Define: Hypersensitivity
An exaggerated response of the immune system to a drug, leading to allergic reactions. The patient exhibited hypersensitivity to the medication, requi...
Define: Desensitization
The process by which a patient becomes less responsive to a drug after repeated exposure. Desensitization can occur with prolonged use of certain medi...
Define: Tachyphylaxis
A rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated doses over a short period. The patient experienced tachyphylaxis, necessitating a change in medi...
Define: Antibiotics
Drugs used to treat bacterial infections by killing or inhibiting the growth of bacteria. The doctor prescribed antibiotics to treat the patient's bac...
Define: Antivirals
Medications designed to treat viral infections by inhibiting the development and replication of viruses. The patient was given antivirals to manage th...
Define: Antifungals
Drugs that are used to treat fungal infections by killing or inhibiting the growth of fungi. The antifungals were effective in clearing the patient's ...
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Medical Terminology: Pharmacology & Medical Prescriptions Part 3
TermDefinition
Define: Hypersensitivity
An exaggerated response of the immune system to a drug, leading to allergic reactions. The patient exhibited hypersensitivity to the medication, requiring immediate intervention.
Define: Desensitization
The process by which a patient becomes less responsive to a drug after repeated exposure. Desensitization can occur with prolonged use of certain medications.
Define: Tachyphylaxis
A rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated doses over a short period. The patient experienced tachyphylaxis, necessitating a change in medication.
Define: Antibiotics
Drugs used to treat bacterial infections by killing or inhibiting the growth of bacteria. The doctor prescribed antibiotics to treat the patient's bacterial pneumonia.
Define: Antivirals
Medications designed to treat viral infections by inhibiting the development and replication of viruses. The patient was given antivirals to manage their influenza infection.
Define: Antifungals
Drugs that are used to treat fungal infections by killing or inhibiting the growth of fungi. The antifungals were effective in clearing the patient's skin infection.
Define: Antiparasitics
Medications used to treat infections caused by parasites, such as worms or protozoa. The doctor recommended antiparasitics for the patient's intestinal infection.
Define: Analgesics
Drugs that relieve pain without causing loss of consciousness. The patient was prescribed analgesics to manage postoperative pain.
Define: NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs)
A class of drugs that reduce inflammation, relieve pain, and lower fever without the use of steroids. The patient was advised to take NSAIDs for their joint pain relief.
Define: Opioids
Powerful pain-relieving medications that act on the nervous system's opioid receptors. The opioids prescribed were effective in managing the patient's severe pain.
Define: Antipyretics
Drugs that reduce fever. The doctor recommended antipyretics to help lower the patient's high temperature.
Define: Antidepressants
Medications used to treat depression and other mood disorders. The patient was started on antidepressants to manage their depressive symptoms.
Define: SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)
A class of antidepressants that increase serotonin levels in the brain by inhibiting its reuptake. The physician prescribed SSRIs to improve the patient's mood.
Define: SNRIs (Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors)
Antidepressants that increase levels of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain by inhibiting their reuptake. The patient was prescribed SNRIs for their anxiety and depression.
Define: MAOIs (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors)
A class of antidepressants that inhibit the enzyme monoamine oxidase, increasing levels of neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine. The patient was advised about dietary restrictions while on MAOIs.
Define: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
A class of antidepressants that work by blocking the reuptake of neurotransmitters, primarily norepinephrine and serotonin. The doctor prescribed TCAs for the patient's chronic pain and depression.
Define: Antipsychotics
Medications used to manage psychosis, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The patient was started on antipsychotics to control their symptoms of psychosis.
Define: Benzodiazepines
A class of medications that act as central nervous system depressants, used primarily for anxiety and sleep disorders. The patient was prescribed benzodiazepines to help manage their anxiety.
Define: Anticonvulsants
Medications used to prevent or treat seizures in various types of epilepsy. The neurologist recommended anticonvulsants for the patient's seizure management.
Define: Antihypertensives
Medications used to treat high blood pressure. The patient's antihypertensives were adjusted to better control their blood pressure.
Define: Beta-blockers
Medications that reduce blood pressure and heart rate by blocking the effects of adrenaline on beta receptors. The doctor prescribed beta-blockers to manage the patient's hypertension.
Define: ACE inhibitors
Drugs that inhibit the angiotensin-converting enzyme, lowering blood pressure by preventing the formation of angiotensin II. The patient was started on ACE inhibitors to help control their high blood pressure.
Define: ARBs (Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers)
Medications that block the action of angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and lower blood pressure. The physician switched the patient to ARBs for better blood pressure control.
Define: Calcium channel blockers
Drugs that prevent calcium from entering heart and blood vessel cells, leading to reduced heart workload and lower blood pressure. The patient was prescribed calcium channel blockers to manage their hypertension.
Define: Diuretics
Medications that promote the excretion of urine, helping to reduce fluid retention and lower blood pressure. The doctor recommended diuretics to help the patient manage their heart failure symptoms.