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Pharmacology /Medical Terminology: Pharmacology & Medical Prescriptions Part 4

Medical Terminology: Pharmacology & Medical Prescriptions Part 4

Pharmacology25 CardsCreated about 2 months ago

This deck covers key pharmacological terms and medical prescriptions, focusing on various drug classes and their uses.

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Define: Loop diuretics

A type of diuretic that acts on the loop of Henle in the kidneys to promote significant diuresis. The patient was prescribed loop diuretics to manage their fluid overload.
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
Define: Loop diuretics
A type of diuretic that acts on the loop of Henle in the kidneys to promote significant diuresis. The patient was prescribed loop diuretics to manage ...
Define: Thiazide diuretics
A class of diuretics that inhibit sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron, commonly used for hypertension. Thiazide diureti...
Define: Potassium-sparing diuretics
Diuretics that help the body retain potassium while promoting the excretion of sodium and water. The patient was prescribed potassium-sparing diuretic...
Define: Statins
Medications that lower cholesterol levels in the blood by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase. The doctor recommended statins to reduce the patien...
Define: Anticoagulants
Drugs that prevent blood clotting, used to reduce the risk of thrombosis. The patient was placed on anticoagulants after their surgery to prevent clot...
Define: Antiplatelet agents
Medications that inhibit platelet aggregation, reducing the risk of thrombus formation. The physician prescribed antiplatelet agents for the patient's...
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Medical Terminology: Pharmacology & Medical Prescriptions Part 4
TermDefinition
Define: Loop diuretics
A type of diuretic that acts on the loop of Henle in the kidneys to promote significant diuresis. The patient was prescribed loop diuretics to manage their fluid overload.
Define: Thiazide diuretics
A class of diuretics that inhibit sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron, commonly used for hypertension. Thiazide diuretics are often the first-line treatment for high blood pressure.
Define: Potassium-sparing diuretics
Diuretics that help the body retain potassium while promoting the excretion of sodium and water. The patient was prescribed potassium-sparing diuretics to avoid hypokalemia.
Define: Statins
Medications that lower cholesterol levels in the blood by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase. The doctor recommended statins to reduce the patient's risk of cardiovascular disease.
Define: Anticoagulants
Drugs that prevent blood clotting, used to reduce the risk of thrombosis. The patient was placed on anticoagulants after their surgery to prevent clots.
Define: Antiplatelet agents
Medications that inhibit platelet aggregation, reducing the risk of thrombus formation. The physician prescribed antiplatelet agents for the patient's history of heart attacks.
Define: Thrombolytics
Medications that dissolve blood clots, often used in emergencies such as heart attacks or strokes. The patient received thrombolytics immediately after their stroke was diagnosed.
Define: Insulin
A hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood glucose levels; used as a medication for diabetes. The patient required insulin therapy to manage their Type 1 diabetes.
Define: Oral hypoglycemics
Medications taken by mouth to lower blood glucose levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes. The doctor adjusted the patient's oral hypoglycemics to improve blood sugar control.
Define: Corticosteroids
Anti-inflammatory drugs that mimic the effects of hormones produced by the adrenal glands, used to treat various conditions. The patient was prescribed corticosteroids to reduce inflammation in their autoimmune disease.
Define: Bronchodilators
Medications that relax and open the airways in the lungs, commonly used to treat asthma and COPD. The patient was given bronchodilators to alleviate their shortness of breath.
Define: Antihistamines
Drugs that block the action of histamine, used to treat allergic reactions and symptoms. The antihistamines helped relieve the patient's allergy symptoms.
Define: Decongestants
Medications that relieve nasal congestion by constricting blood vessels in the nasal passages. The patient used decongestants to alleviate their sinus pressure.
Define: Antiemetics
Drugs that prevent or treat nausea and vomiting. The patient was administered antiemetics to control their postoperative nausea.
Define: Laxatives
Medications that promote bowel movements and relieve constipation. The doctor recommended laxatives to help the patient with their constipation.
Define: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)
Medications that reduce stomach acid production, used to treat conditions like GERD and ulcers. The patient was prescribed PPIs to manage their acid reflux symptoms.
Define: H2 receptor antagonists
Drugs that decrease stomach acid production by blocking histamine H2 receptors in the stomach lining. The doctor prescribed H2 receptor antagonists for the patient's gastritis.
Define: Antacids
Medications that neutralize stomach acid to relieve heartburn and indigestion. The patient took antacids after meals to alleviate their heartburn.
Define: Immunosuppressants
Drugs that inhibit or prevent activity of the immune system, used in organ transplantation and autoimmune diseases. The patient was started on immunosuppressants to prevent organ rejection.
Define: Vaccines
Biological preparations that provide immunity against specific infectious diseases. The vaccines administered helped protect the patient from influenza.
Define: Hormonal contraceptives
Medications that prevent pregnancy by altering hormone levels to inhibit ovulation. The patient chose hormonal contraceptives as a method of birth control.
Define: Estrogens
A group of hormones responsible for the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sexual characteristics. The doctor prescribed estrogens to manage the patient's menopausal symptoms.
Define: Androgens
Hormones that promote the development of male characteristics; testosterone is the primary androgen. Androgens play a key role in male puberty and fertility.
Define: Thyroid hormones
Hormones produced by the thyroid gland that regulate metabolism, growth, and development. The patient was prescribed thyroid hormones to manage their hypothyroidism.
Define: Bisphosphonates
Medications used to prevent the loss of bone density and treat osteoporosis. The doctor recommended bisphosphonates to strengthen the patient's bones.