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Phase II Final Prep Part 1
This deck covers essential concepts in dental hygiene, plaque formation, polishing techniques, ethics, and more. It is designed to help students prepare for exams by retaining key information on dental care and procedures.
how does plaque form
bacteria/microorganisms combine with saliva, carbs, acid, debris to form a soft sticky coating
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
how does plaque form
bacteria/microorganisms combine with saliva, carbs, acid, debris to form a soft sticky coating
how old is mature plaque
24-48 hours
how old is new plaque
12-24 hours
what are types of accumulations
acquired pellicle, material alba, food debris
what factors contribute to plaque accumulation
diet rich in fermentable carbohydrates, high bacteria count in oral cavity, poor oral hygiene
how do we remove plaque
brushing, flossing, polishing
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
how does plaque form | bacteria/microorganisms combine with saliva, carbs, acid, debris to form a soft sticky coating |
how old is mature plaque | 24-48 hours |
how old is new plaque | 12-24 hours |
what are types of accumulations | acquired pellicle, material alba, food debris |
what factors contribute to plaque accumulation | diet rich in fermentable carbohydrates, high bacteria count in oral cavity, poor oral hygiene |
how do we remove plaque | brushing, flossing, polishing |
2 ions that help with the formation of calculus | phosphorus, calcium |
why does calculus form | lack of removal of plaque, mature plaque turns into calculus |
what is cariogenic bacteria | bacteria producing or promoting decay |
demineralization occurs when what dissolves | calcium and phosphate |
when calcium and phosphate are redeposited this is called | remineralization |
what is the concentration of fluoride in water | 1ppm |
who is a good candidate for fluoride supplements | live in a non-fluoridated region, high risk of caries, hypersensitive teeth, xerostomia |
flour of pumice is used to remove what kind of stains | heavy stains [most abrasive] |
calcium carbonate is used to remove what kind of stains | light to medium |
what is the most common type of abrasive in toothpaste and trophy paste | calcium carbonate |
what is the correct polishing stroke | short, intermittent, overlapping |
contraindications for polishing | no stains present, root/cementum exposure, high risk caries, sensitive teeth, newly erupted teeth |
gingivitis is induced by | plaque |
is gingivitis reversible | yes |
gingivitis presents itself as | inflammation of the gums; no bone or tissue loss |
a patient with periodontitis will present | tissue loss/destruction |
when should you floss | before brushing |
what does dentrifice remove | removes biofilm, stain, and other soft deposits |
what are the components of dentrifice [7] | detergent, abrasive, binder, humectant, preservative, flavouring, and water |
how far should the operators face be away from the patients | 12-14 inches |
the operators zone of a right handed dentist would be | 7-12 o'clock |
what are the steps in the learning ladder [5] | unawareness, awareness, self interest, involvement, habit |
ethics pertains to what | what you should do |
ethics is characterized by | nonmalificence, confidentiality, justice, veracity, autonomy and beneficence |
respondent superior is | legal doctrine which holds employer liable for acts of employees |
malpractice is considered to be | professional negligence |
what kind of wax adds depth or length to impression trays | utility wax |
when taking an impression what temp of water is ideal and what temp of water slows setting time of impression | ideal water temp is room temp [21 C] ; cold water slows setting time |
when selecting a tray for impressions what is important to consider | comfy for pt |
a matrix system is used to | create a temporary inter proximal wall for placement of restorative material |
how should you contour a matrix band and when should you do it | contour using a burnisher, once band is placed you should burnish it against inner surfaces |
what are the indications for sealants | |
oral irrigation (waterpik) is beneficial to patients who | have gingivitis, implants, orthodontist appliances or diabetes, poor dexterity |
absorbable sutures include | catgut, vicryl, monocryl |
non absorbable sutures include | nylon, polyester fiber, silk |
when should sutures be removed | 5-7 days after placement |
how should you remove sutures | knotted end is pulled TOWARD incision line |
contraindications of a dental dam | secondary herpes, claustrophobia, asthma, cracks/blisters on vermillion border |
what nerve is the primary source of innervation in the oral cavity | trigeminal nerve |
the nasopalatine nerve passes through what | incisive foramen |
vitamin A deficiency is characterized by | night blindness, dry scaly skin |
vitamin d deficiency is characterized by | by rickets in children, calcium loss from bone in adults |
vitamin c deficiency is characterized by | swollen bleeding gums, slow wound healing |
vitamin k deficiency is characterized by | bleeding disorders |