Aviation Mechanic Oral and Practical Exam Guide (2024)

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AviationMechanicOral&PracticalExamGuideComprehensivepreparationfortheFAAAviationMechanicGeneral,Airframe,andPowerplantOral&PracticalExamsFifthEditionKeithAnderson;BasedonoriginaltextbyDaleCrane"{iPyAYil|/A.iq|oYa¢.@aA.ws>|1—1RYNeVINE2:(5HNha)rm5):reIRN5{dsA-ETTToe,*aCEENeeonbdidi,asWasPon,|\%aa>5AGENERALAIRFRAMEPOWERPLANT1]

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AviationMechanicOral&PracticalExamGuideFifthEditionbyKeithAndersonBasedonoriginaltextbyDaleCraneAviationSupplies&Academics,Inc.7005132ndPlaceSENewcastle,Washington98059asa@asazfly.com|425-235-1500|asa2fly.comCopyright©2024AviationSupplies&Academics,Inc.Firsteditionpublished1994.Fiftheditionpublished2024.Seeasazfly.com/oegamtforadditionalinformationandupdatesrelatedtothisbook.Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeanswithoutthepriorwrittenpermissionofthecopyrightholder.Whileeveryprecautionhasbeentakeninthepreparationofthisbook,thepublisher,KeithAnderson,andDaleCraneassumenorespon-sibilityfordamagesresultingfromtheuseoftheinformationcontainedherein.NoneofthematerialinthisbooksupersedesanyoperationaldocumentsorproceduresissuedbytheFederalAviationAdministration,aircraftandavionicsmanufacturers,flightschools,ortheoperatorsofaircraft.ASA-OEG-AMTs-EBISBN978-1-64425-363-2Additionalformatsavailable:Softcoverbook,ISBN978-1-64425-362-5eBookPDF,ISBN978-1-64425-364-9Coverphoto:JuiceFlair/Shutterstock.comLibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData:Names:Anderson,Keith,1960-author.|Crane,Dale,author.Title:Aviationmechanicoral&practicalexamguide:comprehensivepreparationfortheFAAaviationmechanicgeneral,airframe,andpowerplantoral&practicalexams/KeithAnderson,originaltextbyDaleCrane.Othertitles:Oral&practicalexamguide:comprehensivepreparationfortheFAAaviationmechanicgeneral,air-frame,andpowerplantoral&practicalexamsDescription:Fifthedition.|Newcastle,Washington:AviationSupplies&Academics,Inc.,2024.|“ASA-OEG-AMTs"—Titlepageverso.Identifiers:LCCN2023041443(print)|LCCN2023041444(ebook)|ISBN9781644253625(tradepaperback)|ISBN9781644253632(epub)|ISBN9781644253649(pdf)Subjects:LCSH:UnitedStates.FederalAviationAdministration—Examinations—Studyguides.|Airplanes—Maintenanceandrepair—Examinations,questions,etc.|Aviationmechanics(Persons)—Certification—UnitedStates.|Airplanes—Motors—Maintenanceandrepair—Examinations,questions,etc.|LCGFT:Examinations.Classification:LCCTL671.9.C664682024(print)|LCCTL671.9(ebook)|DDC629.134/6—dc23/eng/20231002LCrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2023041443LCebookrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2023041444I~StudyXY

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ContentsPrefaceCertificationofMaintenanceAirmenHowtoUseThisGuideTheOralandPracticalTestsTHEGENERALORALANDPRACTICALTESTSA.FundamentalsofElectricityandElectronicsB.AircraftDrawingsC.WeightandBalanceD.FluidLinesandFittingsE.AircraftMaterials,Hardware,andProcessesF.GroundOperationsandServicingG.CleaningandCorrosionControlH.MathematicsI.Regulations,MaintenanceForms,Records,andPublicationsJ.PhysicsforAviationK.InspectionConceptsandTechniquesL.HumanFactorsTHEAIRFRAMEORALANDPRACTICALTESTSA.MetallicStructuresB.Non-MetallicStructuresC.FlightControlsD.AirframeInspectionE.LandingGearSystemsF.HydraulicandPneumaticSystemsG.EnvironmentalSystemsH.AircraftInstrumentSystemsI.CommunicationandNavigationSystemsJ.AircraftFuelSystemsK.AircraftElectricalSystemsL.IceandRainControlSystemsM.AirframeFireProtectionSystemsN.RotorcraftFundamentalsO.WaterandWasteSystemsTHEPOWERPLANTORALANDPRACTICALTESTSA.ReciprocatingEnginesB.TurbineEnginesC.EngineInspectionD.EngineInstrumentSystemsE.EngineFireProtectionSystemsF.EngineElectricalSystemsG.EngineLubricationSystemsH.IgnitionandStartingSystemsI.EngineFuelandFuelMeteringSystemsJ.ReciprocatingEngineInductionandCoolingSystemsK.TurbineEngineAirSystems

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L.EngineExhaustandReverserSystemsM.Propellers+Studyxy

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PrefaceCertificationasanaviationmechanicisamajorstepinyourcareer.Youwererequiredtohaveacertainlevelofexperiencetoqualifytotakeyourknowledgetests,andhavingpassedallsections,youarenowreadyforthefinalstep,theoralandpracticaltests.Theknowledgetestsarestrictlyobjectiveandverifyonlyyourknowledgeoffacts.Whentakingthem,youareinterfacingwithacomputerandthereisnopersonalinvolvement.Theoralandpracticaltestsaredifferent.Intheseyouworkdirectlywithanexperiencedmechaniconaone-on-onebasis.Thisexaminerisabletonotonlyjudgeyourmechanicalskills,buttoobservethewayyouthinkandseethewayyousolveproblems.Itisimportantthatyouapproachtheoralandpracticaltestswiththepropermentalattitude.Theexaminerhasonebasicthoughtinmind,thatofdeterminingwhetherornotyouhavethelevelofknowledge,skill,andriskmanagementneededforanentry-levelaviationmechanic.Theexaminerwillnottrytotrickyouinanyway,andheorshewantsyoutopassalmostasmuchasyoudo.Ifyouareaskedaquestiontowhichyoudonotknowtheanswer,admititratherthantrytobluffyourwaythrough.Ifyouaregivenaprojectthatyoudonotunderstand,discussitwiththeexaminer.Inparticular,avoidstumblingthroughaprojectthatyoulacktheabilitytoexecuteproperly.Theexaminerwilldiscusstheprojectwithyoubutwillshowlittleornotoleranceforyourdrivingaheadwithaprojectyouobviouslycannothandle.Theoralandpracticaltestsareyourlaststepstowardcertification,sostudythisguidecarefullyasitisdesignedtohelpyouprepareforthem.Wewishyousuccess.DaleCrane,2000PREFACETOTHEFIFTHEDITIONTheOralandPracticalExamprocessisnowguidedbytheAirmanCertificationStandards(ACS).TheACScon-tainsmanyofthesameknowledgesubjectsandskillsprojectsasthepreviousPracticalTestStandards(PTS),butthereislessemphasisonthedemonstrationofskillsthathavebecomespecializedtradessuchaswelding,woodstructures,andfabriccovering.Theknowledgesectionoftheexamnowincludesriskmanagementquestionsforwhichthestudentisexpectedtounderstandtherisksassociatedwithcertaintasksandexplaintheproperwaystomitigatethoserisks.AlloralandpracticalquestionsandprojectsarerandomlygeneratedfromtheFAAtestgenerator,andthelistofquestionsandprojectsarethengiventotheexaminer.Sincetheexaminerdoesnotknowwhichquestionsandprojectswillbeassigned,boththeexaminerandthestudentmustbepreparedforallpossibleprojects.Applicantsshouldexpecttoberetestedonsubjectstheymissedduringtheknowledgeexam;thesubjectsassociatedwiththecodesonyourAirmanKnowledgeTestReportwillberetestedduringtheOralandPracticalExam.KeithAnderson

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CertificationofMaintenanceAirmenTheFederalAviationAdministrationhasthreeclassificationsofmaintenanceairmen:repairman,authorizedin-spector,andaviationmechanic.Certificationineachcategoryhasspecialrequirementsandspecialprivileges.ThisOral&PracticalExamGuideappliestothetestsforAviationMechaniccertification,butallthreeclassifi-cationsaredescribedbelow.REPAIRMANTheapplicantforaRepairmanCertificatemustbeemployedforaspecificjobrequiringhisorherspecialqualifi-cationsbyacertificatedcommercialoperatororcertificatedaircarrier.Arepairmanapplicantmusthaveatleast18monthsofpracticalexperienceintheprocedures,practices,inspec-tionmethods,materials,tools,machinetools,andequipmentgenerallyusedinthemaintenancedutiesofthespe-cificjobforwhichheorsheistobeemployedandcertificated.Alternatively,theapplicantmaycompletespecial-izedformaltrainingthatisacceptabletotheadministratorandspecificallydesignedtoqualifytheapplicantforthejobforwhichheorsheistobeemployed.Arepairmanmayexercisetheprivilegesofthecertificateonlyinconnectionwiththedutiesforthecertificateholderbywhomtherepairmanwascertificatedandrecommended.Thereisaspecialtypeofrepairmancertificateissuedtothebuilderofanexperimentalaircraftwhichallowstheholdertoperformconditioninspectionsontheaircraftconstructedbyhimorher.AUTHORIZEDINSPECTORAnapplicantforanInspectionAuthorization(IA)must:«+HoldacurrentlyeffectiveAviationMechanicCertificatewithbothAirframeandPowerplantRatingsthathasbeenineffectforatotalofatleast3years.«Havebeenactivelyengaged,foratleastthe2-yearperiodbeforethedateofapplication,inmaintainingcivilcer-tificatedaircraft.«Haveafixedbaseofoperation.«Haveavailabletheequipment,facilities,andinspectiondatanecessarytoproperlyinspectairframes,power-plants,propellers,oranyrelatedpartorappliance.«Passaknowledgetestonhisorherabilitytoinspectaccordingtosafetystandardsforreturningaircrafttoser-viceaftermajorrepairsandmajoralterations,andannualandprogressiveinspectionsperformedunder14CFRPart43.TheholderofanInspectionAuthorizationmay:«Inspectandapproveforreturntoserviceanaircraftafteramajorrepairormajoralterationiftheworkhasbeendoneinaccordancewithtechnicaldatathathasbeenapprovedbytheadministrator.«Performanannualinspection,orperformorsuperviseaprogressiveinspection.AnInspectionAuthorizationexpiresonMarch31ofeachodd-numberedyearandmustberenewedforatwo-yearperiodatthattime.AVIATIONMECHANICTheFAAissuesanAviationMechanicCertificatewithanAirframeRating,PowerplantRating,orbothratingstoapplicantswhoareproperlyqualified.Belowaredescriptionsoftheexperience,knowledge,andpracticalrequire-mentsandsuggestedstudyreferencesforallthreeratings.RequirementsforMechanicCertification14CFRPart65,Certification:AirmenOtherThanFlightCrewmembers,coverstherequirementsformechaniccer-tification,describedbelow.|~,BasicRequirementsilStudyXY

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«Mustbeatleast18yearsofage.«Mustbeabletoread,write,speak,andunderstandtheEnglishlanguage,orinthecaseofanapplicantwhodoesnotmeetthisrequirementandwhoisemployedoutsideoftheUnitedStatesbyaU.S.aircarrier,havehisorhercertificateendorsed“ValidonlyoutsidetheUnitedStates.”«Musthavepassedalloftheprescribedtestswithinaperiodof24months.ExperienceRequirementsMusthaveagraduationcertificateorcertificateofcompletionfromacertificatedaviationmaintenancetechnicianschool,ordocumentaryevidence,satisfactorytotheAdministrator,of:«Atleast18monthsofpracticalexperiencewiththeprocedures,practices,materials,tools,machinetools,andequipmentgenerallyusedinconstructing,maintaining,oralteringairframesorpowerplantsappropriatetotheratingsought;or«Atleast30monthsofpracticalexperienceconcurrentlyperformingthedutiesappropriatetoboththeairframeandpowerplantratings.KnowledgeRequirementsandKnowledgeTestsAftermeetingtheapplicableexperiencerequirements,eachapplicantforanAviationMechanicCertificatemustpassaknowledgetestcoveringtheconstructionandmaintenanceofaircraftappropriatetotheratingsought,theregulationsthatpertaintotherating,andtheapplicableprovisionsof14CFRPart43(Maintenance,PreventiveMaintenance,Rebuilding,andAlteration)andPart91(GeneralOperatingandFlightRules).ThebasicprinciplescoveringtheinstallationandmaintenanceofpropellersareincludedinthePowerplanttest.Theapplicantmustpasseachsectionoftheknowledgetestbeforeapplyingfortheoralandpracticaltests.Therearethreeknowledgetests,aGeneraltestthatisrequiredforbothratings,andtestsforboththeAirframeandPowerplantRatings.AnapplicantfortheAirframeRatingmustpasstheGeneralandtheAirframetest,andanapplicantforthePowerplantRatingmustpasstheGeneralandPowerplanttest.TheGeneraltestneedstobetakenonlyonetime.Alltestquestionsaretheobjective,multiple-choicetypewiththreechoicesofanswers.Themin-imumpassinggradeforeachtestis70percent.TheGeneraltestconsistsof60multiple-choicequestionsselectedbycomputerfrommorethan600questionsintheAviationMechanic—Generaltestquestionbank.Youareallowed2hourstotakethistest.TheAirframeandPowerplanttestseachconsistof100multiple-choicequestionstakenfromthemorethan1,000-questionAviationMechanic—Airframeandthemorethan1,000-questionAviationMechanic—Powerplanttestquestionbanks.Youareallowed2hoursforeachofthesetests.IfthescoreonyourAirmanKnowledgeTestReportis70orabove,thereportisvalidfor24calendarmonths.Youmayelecttoretakethetestinanticipationofabetterscore,after30daysfromthedateyourtestwastaken.Thescoreofthelatesttestyoutakewillbecometheofficialtestscore.Ifyoufailaknowledgetest,youmayapplyforretestingbefore30daysifyoupresentthefailedtestreportandanendorsementfromanauthorizedAviationMechanicCertificateholder.Thisendorsementmustcertifythatadditionalinstructionhasbeengivenandthatyouhavebeenfoundcompetenttopassthetest(theendorsementisnotnecessaryifyouwait30days).SkillRequirementsEachapplicantforanAviationMechanicCertificateorRatingmustpassanoralandapracticaltestontheratingsoughtbydemonstratingtheassignedobjectivesfortherelevantsubjectareascontainedintheAviationMechanicGeneral,Airframe,andPowerplantAirmanCertificationStandards(FAA-S-ACS-1).Theoralandpracticalportionofthetestsassessestheapplicant'sapplicationoftheknowledge,riskmanagement,andskillinthesesubjectareas.Thesetestingproceduresarecoveredin“TheOral&PracticalTests”laterinthissection.AnapplicantforaPowerplantRatingmustshowhisorherabilitytomakesatisfactoryminorrepairstoandminoralterationsofpropellers.Theexaminerwilldownloadanoralandpracticalexaminationthatisgeneratedatrandomforeachapplicant.Eachcandidateshouldbefamiliarwithalltheknowledge,riskmanagement,andskill“awithintheappropriateairmancertificationstandards.

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HowtoUseThisGuideTheASATestGuidesforGeneral,Airframe,andPowerplantMechanichavebeenspeciallypreparedtohelpyougetreadytotakeyourFAAknowledgetests.Thesamematerialiscoveredinyouroralandpracticaltests,soitisimportanttoreviewallofthequestionsandanswersintheknowledgetestportionoftheseGuidesinpreparationforyourO&P.ThequestionsinthisAviationMechanicOral&PracticalExamGuidearetypicalofthoseyouwilllikelybeasked.TheSkillssectionineachsubjectareaincludesthepracticalprojectsthataretypicalofthosethedesig-natedmechanicexaminer(DME)willbeapttousetocheckyourlevelofskill.TheactualquestionsandprojectswillbechosenatrandombytheFAAtestgenerator,toincluderetestingknowledgeprovendeficientontheKnowl-edgeExams,andwillbegiventoyourDMEtobeusedduringtheevaluation.Yourexaminerisaknowledgeablemechanicwhocanevaluateyourcapabilities,sodon'ttryto“snow”theexaminerwithwordswhenyoudon’tknowtheanswer,anddon’tattemptanyprojectthatyouarenotcompetenttohandle.Itisfarbettertoadmityourlackofknowledgeorskillthantoblunderintoaprojectandshowthatyoulackthejudgmenttoproperlyevaluateyourcapabilities.AllquestionsandskillelementsinthisguidearefollowedbythecorrespondingACScode(e.g.,AM.L.A.K1)thattheyalignwithtoaidyouinpreparingforthetests.SeeamoredetailedexplanationofACSelementcodesunderthe“TestStandards”section.REFERENCECODESUSEDINTHISGUIDEIncludedineachsectionofthisguidearereferencestootherASAresources,FAAhandbooks,FAAAdvisoryCircu-lars(ACs),FederalAviationRegulations,andotherstudymaterialsthatapplyspecificallytothatsectionorsubjectcovered.Theseresourcesaswellasadditionaldocumentsthatarevaluableinpreparingyouforyouroralandpracticalexamarelistedbelow.14CFRTitle14oftheCodeofFederalRegulations(ApplicablepartsareavailableinASA'sFAR-AMT)AC25-11ElectronicFlightDisplaysAC25.1455-1WasteWater/PotableWaterDrainSystemCertificationTestingAC39-7AirworthinessDirectivesAC43-4CorrosionControlforAircraftAC43-9MaintenanceRecordsAC43.131AcceptableMethods,Techniques,andPractices—AircraftInspectionandRepairAC43.13-2AcceptableMethods,Techniques,andPractices—AircraftAlterationsAC43-215StandardizedProceduresforPerformingAircraftMagneticCompassCalibrationAC45-2IdentificationandRegistrationMarkingAC60-11TestAidsandMaterialsthatMaybeUsedbyAirmanKnowledgeTestingApplicantsAC60-28FAAEnglishLanguageStandardforanFAACertificateIssuedUnder14CFRParts61,63,65,and107AC65-2AirframeandPowerplantMechanic'sCertificationGuideAC120-39HazardsofWasteWaterIceAccumulationSeparatingfromAircraftinFlightAC120-72MaintenanceHumanFactorsTrainingAC150/5210-20GroundVehicleOperationstoincludeTaxiingorTowinganAircraftonAirportsASA-MHBAviationMechanicHandbook(ASA)+StudyXY

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DOT/FAA/AM-11/10FatigueRiskManagementinAviationMaintenance:CurrentBestPracticesandPotentialFutureCountermeasuresFAA-H-8083-1AircraftWeightandBalanceHandbookFAA-H-8083-2RiskManagementHandbookFAA-H-8083-25Pilot'sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledgeFAA-H-8083-30AviationMaintenanceTechnicianHandbook—GeneralFAA-H-8083-31AviationMaintenanceTechnicianHandbook—AirframeFAA-H-8083-32AviationMaintenanceTechnicianHandbook—PowerplantFAA-S-ACS-1AviationMechanicGeneral,Airframe,andPowerplantAirmanCertificationStandardsPOH/AFMPilot'sOperatingHandbook/FAA-ApprovedAirplaneFlightManualBesuretousethelatestversionsofthesereferenceswhenreviewingforthetest.MostofthesedocumentsareavailableontheFAA'swebsite(www.faa.gov).Additionally,someoftheseresources(FAAhandbooks,ACS,andCodeofFederalRegulations)arereprintedbyASA(asaz2fly.com)andareavailablefromaviationretailersworld-wide.

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TheOralandPracticalTestsPREREQUISITESAllapplicantsmusthavemettheprescribedexperiencerequirementsasstatedin14CFR§65.77.Inaddition,allapplicantsmustprovide:1.ProofofhavingunexpiredpassingcreditfortheAviationMechanicGeneral(AMG)knowledgetestbypre-sentinganAirmanKnowledgeTestReport(exceptwhenproperlyauthorizedundertheprovisionsof14CFR§65.80totakethepracticaltestsbeforetheairmanknowledgetests).2.Identificationwithaphotographandsignature.TESTSTANDARDSTheexaminerwilldownloadanoralandpracticalexaminationthatisgeneratedforeachapplicantthatreflectstheknowledge,riskmanagement,andskillelementsforeachrelevantsubjectareaasdetailedintheAirmanCertifi-cationStandards(ACS).TheACSconsistsofthreeSections:General,Airframe,andPowerplant.Subjectsaretheareasinwhichaviationmechanicapplicantsmusthaveknowledgeanddemonstrateskill.TheObjectiveofeachsubjectstateswhattheapplicantshouldknow,consider,anddo,asappropriate.Theknowledge,skill,andriskmanagementElementsaretheitemsthatshouldbeperformedoransweredac-cordingtostandardsacceptabletotheFAA.Referencesidentifythepublication(s)thatdescribethetask.(Informationcontainedinmanufacturerand/orFAA-approveddataalwaystakesprecedenceovertextbookreferenceddata.)ElementcodesintheACSaredividedintofourcomponents.Forexample,AM.LAKi:AM=ACS(AviationMechanic)|=Section(General)A=Subject(FundamentalsofElectricityandElectronics)K1=KnowledgeElement(Electrontheory[conventionalflowvs.electronflow.])KnowledgetestquestionsarelinkedtotheACScodes.TheAirmanKnowledgeTestReport(AKTR)listsanACScodethatcorrelatestoaspecificsubjectelementforagivensectionandsubject.Thiswillallowremedialinstruc-tionandre-testingtobespecificandbasedonexplicitlearningcriteria.TheFAAencouragesapplicantsandin-structorstousetheACSwhenpreparingfortests.Thefollowingtermsapplytoeachelement:«Inspectmeanstoexamine(withorwithoutinspectionenhancingtools/equipment).+Checkmeanstoverifyproperoperation.«Troubleshootmeanstoanalyzeandidentifymalfunctions.«Servicemeanstoperformfunctionsthatassurecontinuedoperation.+Repairmeanstocorrectadefectiveconditionandrepairofanairframeorpowerplantsystemincludingcomponentreplacementandadjustment.+Overhaulmeanstodisassemble,clean,inspect,repairasnecessary,andreassemble.Theapplicantshouldbewellpreparedinallknowledge,skill,andriskmanagementelementsincludedinthestandards.Satisfactoryperformancetomeettherequirementsforcertificationisbasedontheapplicant'sabilityto:1.Showbasicknowledge.2.Demonstratebasicmechanicskills.3.Performtheskillelementswithinthestandardsofthereferencematerials.Thepracticaltestispassedif,inthejudgmentoftheexaminer,theapplicantdemonstratestheprescribedlevelofproficiencyontheassignedelementsineachsubjectarea.Eachpracticalexaminationitemmustbeperformed,ataminimum,totheperformancelevelintheairmancertificationstandards.If,inthejudgmentoftheexaminer,theapplicantdoesnotmeetthestandardsofany8|Studyxy|formed,theassociatedsubjectisfailedandtherefore,thepracticaltestisfailed.

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Typicalareasofunsatisfactoryperformanceandgroundsfordisqualificationare:1.Anyactionorlackofactionbytheapplicantthatrequirescorrectiveinterventionbytheexaminerforreasonsofsafety.2.Failuretofollowrecommendedmaintenancepracticesand/orreferencematerialwhileperformingprojects.3.Exceedingtolerancesstatedinthereferencematerial.4.Failuretorecognizeimproperprocedures.5.Theinabilitytoperformtoareturn-to-servicestandard,whereapplicable.6.Inadequateknowledgeinanyofthesubjectareas.Whenanapplicantfailsatest,theexaminerwillrecordtheapplicant'sunsatisfactoryperformanceandelementsnotcompletedintermsofsubjectsappropriatetothepracticaltestconducted.

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TheGeneralOralandPracticalTestsThereare12subjectareasthataretestedontheGeneralOralandPracticalExams.Foreachsubjectarea,thisguideprovidestypicaloralquestionsandsuccinctanswersfortheknowledgeandriskmanagementelementsandpresentstheskillsthatapplicantsmustunderstandanddemonstrate.I.GeneralA.FundamentalsofElectricityandElectronicsB.AircraftDrawingsC.WeightandBalanceD.FluidLinesandFittingsE.AircraftMaterials,Hardware,andProcessesF.GroundOperationsandServicingG.CleaningandCorrosionControlH.MathematicsI.Regulations,MaintenanceForms,Records,andPublicationsJ.PhysicsforAviationK.InspectionConceptsandTechniquesL.HumanFactors

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A.FundamentalsofElectricityandElectronicsReferences:AC43.13-1;FAA-H-8083-30KNOWLEDGE1.Whatisthedifferencebetweentheconventionalcurrentflowtheoryandelectronflow?(AM.I.A.K1)Conventionalcurrentflowtheoryisavisualizationofcurrentasflowingfrompositivetonegative.Inactualprac-tice,electronsinacircuitflowfromnegativetopositive(electrontheory).2.Howcanyoufindthepolarityofanelectromagnet?(AM.I.A.K2)Holdtheelectromagnetinyourlefthandwithyourfingersencirclingthecoilinthedirectionelectronsflow(fromnegativetopositive).Yourthumbwillpointtothenorthpoleoftheelectromagnet.3.Whatconstitutesacapacitor?(AM.1.A.K3)Twoconductorsseparatedbyaninsulator.4.Whatisthepurposeofacapacitor?(AM.I.A.K3)Itstoreselectricalenergyinelectrostaticfields.5.Whatisthebasicunitofcapacitance?(AM.I.AK3)Thefarad.6.WhyshouldelectrolyticcapacitorsnotbeusedinanACcircuit?(AM.I.A.K3)Theyarepolarized.Anelectrolyticcapacitorwillpasscurrentofonepolarity,butwillblockcurrentoftheoppositepolarity.7.Whatismeantbyinductance?(AM.I.A.K4)Theabilitytostoreelectricalenergyinelectromagneticfields.8.Whatisthebasicunitofinductance?(AM.1.A.K4)Thehenry.9.GiventheinductanceandthefrequencyoftheACinacircuit,howdoyoucomputetheinductivereactancecausedbythecoil?(AM.1.A.K4)x.=2nflLWhere:x.=inductivereactanceinohmsf=frequencyincyclespersecondm=3.1416L=inductanceForexample,inanACseriescircuitinwhichtheinductanceis146mH(millihenry)andthevoltageis110voltsatafrequencyof60cps,theinductivereactanceisdeterminedbythefollowingmethod:xr=2mxfxLXL=6.28X60x0.146XL=550hm10.DoesacapacitorinanACcircuitcausethecurrenttoleadorlagthevoltage?(AM.I.AKs)Itcausesthecurrenttoleadthevoltage.11.DoesaninductorinanACcircuitcausethecurrenttoleadorlagthevoltage?(AM.1.AKs)Itcausesthecurrenttolagbehindthevoltage.12.WhatisthebasicunitofpowerinaDCcircuit?(AM.1.A.K6)Thewatt.vv+StudyXy

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13.WhathappenstothecurrentinaDCcircuitifthevoltageisincreasedbuttheresistanceremainsthesame?(AM.LAK6)Itincreases.14.Whatarefivesourcesofelectricalenergy?(AM.1.A.K7)Magnetism,chemicalenergy,light,heat,andpressure.15.Whichlawofelectricityisthemostimportantforanaircraftmechanictoknow?(AM.1.AK7)Ohm'slaw.16.WhataretheelementsofOhm’slaw?VoltageE,current|,andresistanceR(volts,amps,andohms).17.Whatisthenameofthelawthatdescribestherelationshipinanelectricalcircuitofvoltage,current,andresis-tance?(AM.1.AKya)Ohm'slaw.18.WhatisthebasicequationofOhm’slaw?(AM.1.A.K7a)E=IxR19.WhatisKirchhoff’svoltagelaw?(AM.I.A.K7b)Kirchhoff'svoltagelawstatesthatthealgebraicsumofallvoltagesaroundaclosedpathorloopiszero.Anotherwayofsayingitisthatthesumofallthevoltagedropsequalsthetotalsourcevoltage.20.Whatistheformulafordeterminingpower?(AM.I.A.K7c)Generalpowerformula:P=1xEWhere:P=Power,|=Current,E=Volts21.WhatisFaraday’slaw?(AM.1.A.K7d)Faraday’slaw,orthelawofelectromagneticinduction,statesthattheinducedEMForelectromagneticforceinaclosedloopofwireisproportionaltotherateofchangeofthemagneticfluxthroughacoilofwire.22.WhatisLenz'slaw?(AM.I.A.K7e)Lenz'slawstatesthattheEMFinducedinanelectriccircuitalwaysactsinsuchadirectionthatthecurrentitdrivesaroundaclosedcircuitproducesamagneticfield,whichopposesthechangeinmagneticflux.23.Whatistheright-handmotorrule?(AM.1.A.K7f)Whentheindexfingeroftherighthandispointedinthedirectionofthemagneticfieldandthesecondfingerinthedirectionofcurrentflow,thethumbindicatesthedirectionthecurrentcarryingwiremoves.24.Whatismeantbyakilowatt?(AM.I.A.K8)1,000watts.25.Whatismeantbyamegawatt?(AM.1.AK8)1,000,000watts.26.Whatinstrumentisusedtomeasurecurrentflow?(AM.1.A.K8)Anammeter.27.Whatisamegohm?(AM.I.A.K8)Onemillion(1,000,000)ohms.28.Whatinstrumentisusedtomeasureelectricalresistance?(AM.I.A.K8)Anohmmeter.29.Whenmeasuringresistanceofacomponentwithanohmmeter,shouldthecircuitbeJ+study|TStudyXYNo,thereshouldbenopoweronthecircuit.y

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