Obligations and Contracts

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Exercises: Situational questions. Eveiy answer must be supported with a legal basis.1.A, B, and C are the joint creditors of Y and Z who are solidary debtors in the amountof P30,000.00. How much A, B, or C could collect from Y? (10 points)Y is obligated to pay an amount of Pl 0,000.00 under a solidary debt as stipulated inaccordance with Article 1207 and 1208. Under Article 1208, when Y fulfills the solidary debtby paying P30,000 to either of the joint creditors, A, B, and C are collectively responsiblefor distributing this amount among the other creditors based on their respective shares.Under Article 1207, the joint creditors (A, B, and C) are entitled to collect a total sum ofP30,000.00 from Y. The remaining creditors are each entitled to receive a fair amount ofP10,000.00. Therefore, Y must pay P30,000.00 in total to the joint creditors, and the othercreditors will each receive Pl 0,000.00.However, Y is entitled to seek reimbursement in the amount of P15,000.00, as prescribedby Article 1217, from Z before arrival of day certain, to ensure compliance with theaforementioned monetary obligation. However, the given situation came from the conceptof passive solidarity, where any party involved, whether Y or Z, can be made liable for thefulfillment of the entire obligation but the decision of A, B, and C to designate Y as the partyresponsible, forms the foundation of this type of obligation.2.When the period is "on or before the date", the debtor may perform his obligationeven before the period arrives. Why? (10 points)In cases where the obligation sets a period as "on or before the date," the debtor is allowedto fulfill it even before the period's arrival. Under Article 1195, which pennits the recovery ofpayments or deliveries made prior to the period, provided the obligor was unaware of theperiod or believed the obligation was already due and demandable. Article 1196 reinforcesthis, presuming that such periods benefit both the creditor and debtor, unless the terms orcontext indicate otherwise, allowing the debtor the flexibility to perform the obligation early,in line with the general principle of mutual benefit in obligations involving time periods.3.What is the difference between suspensive condition and resolutory condition? (10points)The difference between suspensive and resolutory conditions, guided by Article 1179, liesin their effects on obligations. Suspensive conditions initiate the obligation when apredetermined condition is met, while resolutory conditions maintain the obligation'songoing validity throughout a specified period, terminating it only upon conditionoccurrence. In essence, suspensive conditions give rise to the obligation when thecondition is fulfilled, whereas resolutory conditions extinguish the obligation when thecondition materializes.4.A obliged himself to give B a determinate car upon the death of B's father. What isthe nature of A's obligation? (10 points)

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