Rio Bio156 Biology Practice Exam With Answers (105 Solved Questions)

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Rio Bio 156 Exam 11.List features thatdistinguish liv-ing organismsfrom nonlivingmatter.1. Cellular basis - All living things consist of one or morecells2. Requirement for energy and nutrients - Life is sustainedby ongoing inputs of energy and nutrients3. Homeostasis - Living things sense and respond tochange4. DNA is hereditary material - Genetic information in theform of DNA is passed to offspring2.Describe the lev-els of organiza-tion in the livingworld.Atoms ’ cells ’ tissues ’ organs ’ organ systems ’ organism ’population ’ community ’ ecosystem ’ the biosphere3.List the three do-mains of life anddistinguish be-tween each do-main.Prokaryotes are bacteria and archaea.Domain Bacteria: unicellular no nucleusDomain Archaea: unicellular no nucleus but closer toeukaryaDomain Eukarya: have nucleus4.List four king-doms within thedomain Eukaryaand distinguishbetween them.1. Fungi can be single or multicellular but digest foodoutside their body.2. Plants are multicellular and are photosynthetic.3. Animals are multicellular and eat other organisms fornutrients.4. Protists are the unicellular organisms that have a nu-cleus but do not fit any other category.5.List and describethe steps in-volved in solv-ing a problemusing hypothe-sis-based sci-enceobservationhypothesisexperimentalconclusion6.Describe theconcept "an or-ganism is moreorganism is part of a more complex organization. Theseemergent properties go beyond itself.1 / 14

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than the sum ofits parts."7.By definition,distinguish be-tween a popu-lation, a com-munity, and anecosystem.1. Population: multiple organisms in a single spot2. community: is made up of populations of different or-ganisms3. ecosystem: is the interactions between the communityand the non-living environment that surrounds it8.Distinguish be-tween a produc-er, a consumerand a decompos-er.producer:photosynthetic organisms that trap light andconvert that light energy into chemical bond energy. suchas some bacteria, protists, and all plantsconsumer: organisms that feed on already-stored fooddecomposer: bacteria and fungi recycle the dead mole-cules throughout the bioshpere.9.Distinguish be-tween a hypothe-sis and a predic-tion.hypothesis: testable explanation of a natural phenome-non.prediction: statement based on hypothesis about a condi-tion that should exit if the hypothesis is correct.10.What is meantby the phrasepotentially falsifi-able hypothesis?a hypothesis can be proven that is false11.Define the termcontrol groupand explain thevalue of a controlgroup in an ex-periment.Group of individuals identical to an experimental groupexcept for the independent variable under investigationTo provide a basis of comparison to the experimentalgroup12.Define the termtheory and ex-plain the point inwhich a hypoth-esis becomes atheory.Suppose a hypothesis stands even after years of tests.It is consistent with all data ever gathered, and it hashelped us make successful predictions about other phe-nomena.2 / 14

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13.Explain howelectron con-figuration influ-ences the chem-ical properties ofan atom.Each cloud can hold a determinant number of electrons.When the electron number changes, ions are formed.The number of electrons influences the bonding betweenatoms.14.hydrogen bondThe electron from the hydrogen spends most of its timearound the oxygen atom creating a partial positive chargeon each hydrogen. The presence of additional electronsmakes the oxygen partially negative.15.covalent bondtwo atoms share a pair of electrons, so that each atom'svacancybecomes partially filled16.ionic bondType of chemical bond in which a strong mutual attractionlinks ions of opposite charge.17.Describe howwater con-tributes to thefitness of theenvironment thatsupports all life.1. an excellent solvent2. has cohesion (insect on water, water roots)3. stabilize temperature (cool surface)18.Explain the basisfor the pH scale.The basis for the pH scale is the amount of H+ and OH-ions in a solution. More H+ ions means a solution is moreacidic, while more OH- ions means the solution is morebasic.19.List and describethe four majorclasses of organ-ic compounds.carbohydratelipidproteinnucleic acids20.Describe thestructure of anatomprotonsneutronselectrons3 / 14

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21.Explain why ra-dioisotopes areimportant to biol-ogists.Atoms of a radioisotope have an unstable nucleus thatbreaks up spontaneously.radioisotopes can be used as or in tracers, which aresubstances with a detectable component.PET scan22.Explain how anacid differs froma base.The more concentrated the hydrogen ions are, the lowerthe pH of the solution.23.What is thecause and en-vironmental con-sequence of acidrain?Burning fossil fuels such as coal releases sulfur andnitrogen compounds that affect the pH of rain and otherforms of precipitation.drastically changes the pH of water in soil, lakes, andstreams.24.Describe carbo-hydratesSimple sugars are called monosaccharides ( Glucose andfructose).sucrose is disaccharide.polysaccharides.provide energy and structural support for living systems.25.Describe lipidscan be divided into fats, phospholipids, steroids, and wax-es.part of it is hydrophobic.make up part of cell membranes and provide energy.26.Describe pro-teinsmade up of amino acids.27.Describe themolecular struc-ture and impor-tance of RNA.An RNA molecule is a chain of four kinds of nucleotidemonomers, one of which is ATP. RNA molecules carry outprotein synthesis28.Describe themolecular struc-ture and impor-tance of DNA.A DNA molecule consists of two chains of nucleotidestwisted into a double helix.Each cell starts life with DNA inherited from a parent cell.4 / 14

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