Solution Manual for Developmental Mathematics, 4th Edition

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SOLUTIONSMANUALDEVELOPMENTALMATHEMATICSFOURTHEDITIONElayn Martin-GayUniversity of New Orleans

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ContentsChapter 11Chapter 250Chapter 385Chapter 4133Chapter 5171Chapter 6219Chapter 7247Chapter 8271Chapter 9307Chapter 10369Chapter 11428Chapter 12473Chapter 13519Chapter 14559Chapter 15611Chapter 16647Appendices702Practice Final Exam736

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1Chapter 1Section 1.2 Practice Exercises1.The place value of the 8 in 38,760,005 ismillions.2.The place value of the 8 in 67,890 is hundreds.3.The place value of the 8 in 481,922 is ten-thousands.4.67 is written as sixty-seven.5.395 is written as three hundred ninety-five.6.12,804 is written as twelve thousand, eighthundred four.7.321,670,200 is written as three hundred twenty-one million, six hundred seventy thousand, twohundred.8.Twenty-nine in standard form is 29.9.Seven hundred ten in standard form is 710.10.Twenty-six thousand, seventy-one in standardform is 26,071.11.Six million, five hundred seven in standard formis 6,000,507.12.1,047,608= 1,000,000 + 40,000 + 7000 + 600 + 813.a.Find “France” in the left column. Then readfrom left to right until the “Literature”column is reached. We find that 11Literature Nobel Prize winners were born inFrance.b.Look at the “Total” column. Three countrieshave more than 60 Nobel Prize winners. TheUnited States has 259, the United Kingdomhas 99, and Germany has 77.Vocabulary, Readiness & Vocabulary Check 1.21.The numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11,12, ... are called whole numbers.2.The number 1,286 is written in standard form.3.The number “twenty-one” is written in words.4.The number 900 + 60 + 5 is written in expandedform.5.In a whole number, each group of 3 digits iscalled a period.6.The place value of the digit 4 in the wholenumber 264 is ones.7.hundreds8.To read (or write) a number, read from left toright.9.80,00010.Boott SpurExercise Set 1.22.The place value of the 5 in 905 is ones.4.The place value of the 5 in 6527 is hundreds.6.The place value of the 5 in 79,050,000 is ten-thousands.8.The place value of the 5 in 51,682,700 is ten-millions.10.316 is written as three hundred sixteen.12.5445 is written as five thousand, four hundredforty-five.14.42,009 is written as forty-two thousand, nine.16.3,204,000 is written as three million, twohundred four thousand.18.47,033,107 is written as forty-seven million,thirty-three thousand, one hundred seven.20.22,806 is written as twenty-two thousand, eighthundred six.22.118,049 is written as one hundred eighteenthousand, forty-nine.24.347,219 is written as three hundred forty-seventhousand, two hundred nineteen.26.11,239 is written as eleven thousand, twohundred thirty-nine.28.202,700 is written as two hundred two thousand,seven hundred.

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Chapter 1:The Whole NumbersISM: Developmental Mathematics230.Four thousand, four hundred sixty-eight instandard form is 4468.32.Seventy-three thousand, two in standard form is73,002.34.Sixteen million, four hundred five thousand,sixteen in standard form is 16,405,016.36.Two million, twelve in standard form is2,000,012.38.Six hundred forty thousand, eight hundredeighty-one in standard form is 640,881.40.Two hundred thirty-four thousand in standardform is 234,000.42.Two thousand eighty in standard form is 2080.44.Ninety-one million, seventy-one thousanddollars in standard form is $91,071,000.46.Two thousand, five hundred forty-four instandard form is 2544.48.789 = 700 + 80 + 950.6040 = 6000 + 4052.20,215 = 20,000 + 200 + 10 + 554.99,032 = 90,000 + 9000 + 30 + 256.47,703,029 = 40,000,000 + 7,000,000 + 700,000+ 3000 + 20 + 958.The elevation of Mt. Washington in standardform is 6288. 6288 is written as six thousand,two hundred eighty-eight.60.5712 = 5000 + 700 + 10 + 262.The second tallest mountain in New England isMt. Adams.64.The British Museum in London had morevisitors than the Shanghai Science andTechnology Museum in Shanghai.66.The number of visitors to the Louvre was8,700,000 which is written as eight million,seven hundred thousand.68.Three of the museums listed were visited byfewer than 6,000,000 people.70.The largest number is 77,753.72.Yes74.answers may vary76.5 trillion in the American system is written as5,000,000,000,000 in standard form.Section 1.3 Practice Exercises1.72355427777+2.1 1 1 127,36492,977120,341+3.11 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 1320 + 8 + 20484.1 1 21950426385266225+5.2 cm + 8 cm + 15 cm + 5 cm = 30 cmThe perimeter is 30 centimeters.6.647 + 647 + 647 = 1941The perimeter is 1941 feet.7.7050120+Georgia produces 120 million pounds offreestone peaches.8.a.The country with the fewest threatenedmammal species corresponds to the shortestbar, which is Malaysia.b.To find the total number of threatenedmammal species for Brazil, India, andMexico, we add.

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ISM: Developmental MathematicsChapter 1:The Whole Numbers3829295269+The total number of threatened mammalspecies for Brazil, India, and Mexico is 269.Calculator Explorations1.89 + 45 = 1342.76 + 91 = 1733.285 + 55 = 3404.8773 + 652 = 94255.9851210562772834+6.4659888620155012,523+Vocabulary, Readiness & Video Check 1.31.The sum of 0 and any number is the samenumber.2.The sum of any number and 0 is the samenumber.3.In 35 + 20 = 55, the number 55 is called the sumand 35 and 20 are each called an addend.4.The distance around a polygon is called itsperimeter.5.Since (3 + 1) + 20 = 3 + (1 + 20), we say thatchanging the grouping in addition does notchange the sum. This property is called theassociative property of addition.6.Since 7 + 10 = 10 + 7, we say that changing theorder in addition does not change the sum. Thisproperty is called the commutative property ofaddition.7.To add whole numbers, we line up place valuesand add from left to right.8.triangle; 39.increased byExercise Set 1.32.273158+4.37542579+6.23453098+8.23662436479+10.14174115+12.135470505+14.117, 427821, 059838, 486+16.23585728+18.21248261060+

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Chapter 1:The Whole NumbersISM: Developmental Mathematics420.2 26428562532205+22.223491890+24.1 190900201010+26.1 1 11624329762632+28.1 1 216105674877709590+30.1 1 14273832291039+32.1 1 1 16 7894 3215 55516, 665+34.1 1 1864333561253+36.5000140030219421+38.1 1 1265824 76362,51167,882+40.1 1 1 2 1 2504, 218321,92038,507594, 6871, 459,332+42.1335516+The perimeter is 16 kilometers.44.134512+The perimeter is 12 centimeters.46.2848424+The perimeter is 24 miles.48.12323232392+The perimeter is 92 centimeters.50.6 + 5 + 7 + 3 + 4 + 7 + 5 = 37The perimeter is 37 inches.52.The unknown vertical side has length3 + 5 = 8 feet. The unknown horizontal side haslength 8 + 4 = 12 feet.8 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 12 + 8 = 40The perimeter is 40 feet.

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ISM: Developmental MathematicsChapter 1:The Whole Numbers554.“Find the sum” indicates addition.180264877289+The sum of 802 and 6487 is 7289.56.“Find the total” indicates addition.1 28945219341496+The total of 89, 45, 2, 19, and 341 is 496.58.“Increased by” indicates addition.71238750+712 increased by 38 is 750.60.“Plus” indicates addition.1 2 13565565704200+3565 plus 565 plus 70 is 4200.62.Add 4850 to 39,250.1 1 139 2504 85044 100,,+California’s projected population in 2030 is44,100 thousand.64.1 128598383+The distance from Kansas City to Colby is383 miles.66.2 160456045210+The perimeter of the home is 210 feet.68.12401003555002005001895+The fluid intake of the patient was 1895 cc.70.Add 992 to 1305.113059922297+Hank Aaron batted in 2297 total runs during hiscareer in professional baseball.72.Find the sum of 22,867,835 and 4,573,567.1 1 1 1 1 122 867 8354 573 56727 441 402,,,,,,+The sheep population was 27,441,402.74.2 1257182257182878+The perimeter of the puzzle is 878 millimeters.76.1940451985+Allyson Felix was born in the year 1985.78.Of the states listed, Indiana had the fewest CVSpharmacies.80.356 + 867 + 756 + 313 + 301 + 486 + 313 + 309+ 408 + 659 = 4768The total number of CVS pharmacies in the tenstates listed in the table was 4768.82.The total number of pharmacies listed in thetable is 4768.1 1476830487816+There were 7816 CVS pharmacies in the50 states.

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Chapter 1:The Whole NumbersISM: Developmental Mathematics684.526012256485+The total highway mileage in Rhode Island is6485 miles.86.answers may vary88.answers may vary90.1 1 2 2 2 178,962129,968,35036, 462,880166,510,192+92.1 2 17736594811913+The given answer is correct.94.1 21921449651933+The given answer is incorrect.Section 1.4 Practice Exercises1.a.14−6 = 8 because 8 + 6 = 14.b.20−8 = 12 because 12 + 8 = 20c.93−93 = 0 because 0 + 93 = 93.d.42−0 = 42 because 42 + 0 = 42.2.a.91431229021−Check:90211229143+b.978851127−Check:127851978+3.a.8 1769 74 964 8−Check:64849697+b.2 1232624581−Check:81245326+c.1234822412−Check:4128221234+4.a.93 10104 0 01 6 42 3 6−Check:236164400+b.99101010 0 07 6 22 3 8−Check:2387621000+5.15, 75945815,301−The radius of Neptune is 15,301 miles.6.924745−The sale price of the suit is $45.Calculator Explorations1.865−95 = 7702.76−27 = 493.147−38 = 1094.366−87 = 2795.9625−647 = 89786.10,711−8925 = 1786Vocabulary, Readiness & Video Check 1.41.The difference of any number and that samenumber is 0.2.The difference of any number and 0 is the samenumber.3.In 37−19 = 18, the number 37 is the minuend,and the number 19 is the subtrahend.

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ISM: Developmental MathematicsChapter 1:The Whole Numbers74.In 37−19 = 18, the number 18 is called thedifference.5.6−6 = 06.93−93 = 07.600−0 = 6008.5−0 = 59.We cannot take 7 from 2 in the ones place, so weborrow one ten from the tens place and move itover to the ones place to give us 10 + 2 or 12.10.Order does not matter when adding, but orderdoes matter when subtracting.Exercise Set 1.42.724131−Check:314172+4.572321251−Check:251321572+6.28645241−Check:24145286+8.57663245442−Check:54423245766+10.491226102302−Check:230226104912+12.2572570−Check:0257257+14.552926−Check:1262955+16.803743−Check:1433780+18.436275161−Check:1161275436+20.674299375−Check:1 1375299674+

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Chapter 1:The Whole NumbersISM: Developmental Mathematics822.300149151−Check:1 1151149300+24.77329744−Check:174429773+26.813227586−Check:1 1586227813+28.53497204629−Check:146297205349+30.72416708−Check:170816724+32.30021189−Check:1 189211300+34.1983191469−Check:16919141983+36.76,65229, 49847,154−Check:11 147,15429, 49876, 652+38.40, 00023,58216, 418−Check:1 1 1 116, 41823,58240, 000+40.605018784172−Check:1 1 1417218786050+42.62, 22239,89822,324−Check:1 1 1 122,32439,89862, 222+44.21912−21 subtract 9 is 12.46.16511−The difference of 16 and 5 is 11.

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ISM: Developmental MathematicsChapter 1:The Whole Numbers948.594118−59 subtract 41 is 18.50.251213−25 less 12 is 13.52.90864−86 subtracted from 90 is 4.54.59,32055, 4923 828−They traveled 3828 miles on their trip.56.1979899−Kelp can grow 99 feet taller than bamboo.58.164, 00040, 000204, 000+The total U.S. land area drained by the Ohio andTennessee sub-basins is 204,000 square miles.60.189, 00075, 000114, 000−The Upper Mississippi sub-basin drains 114,000square miles more than the Lower Mississippisub-basin.62.685810−The low temperature was 10°Fahrenheit.64.845649196−She will have $196 left in her savings account.66.24318558−Pat’s blood cholesterol level should be decreasedby 58.68.54799448−The sale price of the stereo is $448.70.38 7086 20832 500,,−There were 32,500 official participants for the2017 Boston Marathon.72.The shortest bar corresponds to the quietestreading. Leaves rustling is the quietest.74.1007030−The difference in sound intensity between liverock music and loud television is 30 dB.76.117, 00683, 42433,582−The population of Springfield was 33,582greater than the population of Champaign.78.27627249−The increase in the number of California condorsis 249.80.New York JFK International and DenverInternational airports have 60 million or fewerpassengers per year.82.1048123−Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airporthas 23 million more passengers per year than theLos Angeles International Airport.84.Student A Budget16002001501201070+12001070130−Student A would have an excess of $130.

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Chapter 1:The Whole NumbersISM: Developmental Mathematics10Student B Budget1 13004002401701110+1200111090−Student B would have an excess of $90.86.98648938−88.2 280931792201+90.10, 0001 7868 214−92.12, 4683 2111 98817, 667+94.In28631904−, 2863 is the minuend and 1904 is thesubtrahend.96.In find 86 decreased by 25, 86 is the minuendand 25 is the subtrahend.98.47889389−The given answer is correct.Check:138989478+100.76155477068−The given answer is incorrect.Check:70685477615+102.10, 2448 5341 710−104.answers may varySection 1.5 Practice Exercises1.a.To round 57 to the nearest ten, observe thatthe digit in the ones place is 7. Since thedigit is at least 5, we add 1 to the digit in thetens place. The number 57 rounded to thenearest ten is 60.b.To round 641 to the nearest ten, observe thatthe digit in the ones place is 1. Since thedigit is less than 5, we do not add 1 to thedigit in the tens place. The number 641rounded to the nearest ten is 640.c.To round 325 to the nearest ten observe thatthe digit in the ones place is 5. Since thedigit is at least 5, we add 1 to the digit in thetens place. The number 325 rounded to thenearest ten is 330.2.a.To round 72,304 to the nearest thousand,observe that the digit in the hundreds placeis 3. Since the digit is less than 5, we do notadd 1 to the digit in the thousands place. Thenumber 72,304 rounded to the nearestthousand is 72,000.b.To round 9222 to the nearest thousand,observe that the digit in the hundreds placeis 2. Since the digit is less than 5, we do notadd 1 to the digit in the thousands place. Thenumber 9222 rounded to the nearestthousand is 9000.c.To round 671,800 to the nearest thousand,observe that the digit in the hundreds placeis 8. Since this digit is at least 5, we add 1 tothe digit in the thousands place. The number671,800 rounded to the nearest thousand is672,000.3.a.To round 3474 to the nearest hundred,observe that the digit in the tens place is 7.Since this digit is at least 5, we add 1 to thedigit in the hundreds place. The number3474 rounded to the nearest hundred is3500.

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ISM: Developmental MathematicsChapter 1:The Whole Numbers11b.To round 76,243 to the nearest hundred,observe that the digit in the tens place is 4.Since this digit is less than 5, we do not add1 to the digit in the hundreds place. Thenumber 76,243 rounded to the nearesthundred is 76,200.c.To round 978,965 to the nearest hundred,observe that the digit in the tens place is 6.Since this digit is at least 5, we add 1 to thedigit in the hundreds place. The number978,865 rounded to the nearest hundred is979,000.4.49rounds to5025rounds to3032rounds to3051rounds to5098rounds to+ 1002605.3785rounds to40002479rounds to20002000−−6.11rounds to1016rounds to2019rounds to2031rounds to+ 3080+The total distance is approximately 80 miles.7.2930rounds to3 00018,166rounds to18 000189rounds to+021,000+The total number of reported cases of thesepreventable diseases was 21,000 in 2015.Vocabulary, Readiness & Video Check 1.51.To graph a number on a number line, darken thepoint representing the location of the number.2.Another word for approximating a wholenumber is rounding.3.The number 65 rounded to the nearest ten is 70but the number 61 rounded to the nearest ten is60.4.An exact number of products is 1265, but anestimate is 1000.5.3 is in the place we’re rounding to (tens), and thedigit to the right of this place is 5 or greater, sowe need to add 1 to the 3.6.On a number line, 22 is closer to 20 than 30.Thus, 22 rounded to the nearest ten is 20.7.Each circled digit is to the right of the placevalue being rounded to and is used to determinewhether or not we add 1 to the digit in the placevalue being rounded to.Exercise Set 1.52.To round 273 to the nearest ten, observe that thedigit in the ones place is 3. Since this digit is lessthan 5, we do not add 1 to the digit in the tensplace. The number 273 rounded to the nearestten is 270.4.To round 846 to the nearest ten, observe that thedigit in the ones place is 6. Since this digit is atleast 5, we add 1 to the digit in the tens place.The number 846 rounded to the nearest ten is850.6.To round 8494 to the nearest hundred, observethat the digit in the tens place is 9. Since thisdigit is at least 5, we add 1 to the digit in thehundreds place. The number 8494 rounded to thenearest hundred is 8500.8.To round 898 to the nearest ten, observe that thedigit in the ones place is 8. Since this digit is atleast 5, we add 1 to the digit in the tens place.The number 898 rounded to the nearest ten is900.10.To round 82,198 to the nearest thousand,observe that the digit in the hundreds place is 1.Since this digit is less than 5, we do not add 1 tothe digit in the thousands place. The number82,198 rounded to the nearest thousand is82,000.12.To round 42,682 to the nearest ten-thousand,observe that the digit in the thousands place is 2.Since this digit is less than 5, we do not add 1 tothe digit in the ten-thousands place. The number42,682 rounded to the nearest ten-thousand is40,000.14.To round 179,406 to the nearest hundred,observe that the digit in the tens place is 0. Sincethis digit is less than 5, we do not add 1 to thedigit in the hundreds place. The number 179,406rounded to the nearest hundred is 179,400.

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Chapter 1:The Whole NumbersISM: Developmental Mathematics1216.To round 96,501 to the nearest thousand,observe that the digit in the hundreds place is 5.Since this digit is at least 5, we add 1 to the digitin the thousands place. The number 96,501rounded to the nearest thousand is 97,000.18.To round 99,995 to the nearest ten, observe thatthe digit in the ones place is 5. Since this digit isat least 5, we add 1 to the digit in the tens place.The number 99,995 rounded to the nearest ten is100,000.20.To round 39,523,698 to the nearest million,observe that the digit in the hundred-thousandsplace is 5. Since this digit is at least 5, we add 1to the digit in the millions place. The number39,523,698 rounded to the nearest million is40,000,000.22.Estimate 7619 to a given place value byrounding it to that place value. 7619 rounded tothe tens place is 7620, to the hundreds place is7600, and to the thousands place is 8000.24.Estimate 7777 to a given place value byrounding it to that place value. 7777 rounded tothe tens place is 7780, to the hundreds place is7800, and to the thousands place is 8000.26.Estimate 85,049 to a given place value byrounding it to that place value. 85,049 roundedto the tens place is 85,050, to the hundreds placeis 85,000, and to the thousands place is 85,000.28.To round 15,667 to the nearest thousand,observe that the digit in the hundreds place is 6.Since this digit is at least 5, we add 1 to the digitin the thousands place. Therefore,15,667 restaurants rounded to the nearestthousand is 16,000 restaurants.30.To round 60,149 to the nearest hundred, observethat the digit in the tens place is 4. Since thisdigit is less than 5, we do not add 1 to the digit inthe hundreds place. Therefore, 60,149 daysrounded to the nearest hundred is 60,100 days.32.To round 324,758,293 to the nearest million,observe that the digit in the hundred-thousandsplace is 7. Since this digit is at least 5, we add 1to the digit in the millions place. Therefore,324,758,293 rounded to the nearest million is325,000,000.34.To round 2,110,000 to the nearest million,observe that the digit in the hundred-thousandsplace is 1. Since this digit is less than 5, we donot add 1 to the digit in the millions place.Therefore, $2,110,000 rounded to the nearestmillion is $2,000,000.36.To round 15,226,000,000 to the nearest ten-million, observe that the digit in the millionsplace is 6. Since this digit is at least 5, we add 1to the digit in the ten-millions place. Therefore,15,226,000,000 bushels rounded to the nearestten-million is 15,230,000,000 bushels.38.52rounds to5033rounds to3015rounds to2029rounds to+ 30130+40.555rounds to560235rounds to240320−−42.4050rounds to41003133rounds to31001220rounds to12008400++44.1989rounds to20001870rounds to1900100−−46.799rounds to8001655rounds to1700271rounds to+ 3002800+48.522 + 785 is approximately 520 + 790 = 1310.The answer of 1307 is correct.50.542 + 789 + 198 is approximately540 + 790 + 200 = 1530.The answer of 2139 is incorrect.52.5233 + 4988 is approximately5200 + 5000 = 10,200.The answer of 9011 is incorrect.

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