Test Bank for Community and Public Health Nursing, 10th Edition (Chapters 1-30)
Get ahead in your studies with Test Bank for Community and Public Health Nursing, 10th Edition (Chapters 1-30), featuring exam-focused questions and solutions.
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COMMUNITY AND PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING 10TH
EDITION RECTOR TEST BANK
Chapter 1 The Journey Begins: Introduction
1. After teaching a group of nursing students about the similarities and differences between
public health and community health, which of the following statements by a nursing student
would indicate knowledge of the similarities and differences between public health and
community health?
A) <Community health nursing is defined as
nursing care that is provided in a community setting, rather than an institutional setting.=
B) <Public health nursing is defined as nursing care that is provided in an institutional
setting.=
C) <Public health nursing is focused on the
health of individuals.=
D) <Community health nursing can shape the quality of community health services and
improve the health of the general public.=
Ans: D
Feedback:
Operating within an environment of rapid change and increasingly complex challenges,
this nursing specialty holds the potential to shape the quality of community health services and
improve the health of the general
public.
2. Which of the following statements would best
describe the difference between public health nursing and community health nursing?
A) Public health nursing is focused on the private aspects of health, and community health
nursing is focused on the public aspects of
health.
B) In our textbook, the term community health practice refers to a focus on specific,
designated communities and is a part of the
larger public health effort.
C) Public health nursing and community health nursing relate to the very same types of
services and perspectives.
D) Both public health nursing and community health nursing are practiced exclusively
within institutions.
Ans: B
Feedback:
EDITION RECTOR TEST BANK
Chapter 1 The Journey Begins: Introduction
1. After teaching a group of nursing students about the similarities and differences between
public health and community health, which of the following statements by a nursing student
would indicate knowledge of the similarities and differences between public health and
community health?
A) <Community health nursing is defined as
nursing care that is provided in a community setting, rather than an institutional setting.=
B) <Public health nursing is defined as nursing care that is provided in an institutional
setting.=
C) <Public health nursing is focused on the
health of individuals.=
D) <Community health nursing can shape the quality of community health services and
improve the health of the general public.=
Ans: D
Feedback:
Operating within an environment of rapid change and increasingly complex challenges,
this nursing specialty holds the potential to shape the quality of community health services and
improve the health of the general
public.
2. Which of the following statements would best
describe the difference between public health nursing and community health nursing?
A) Public health nursing is focused on the private aspects of health, and community health
nursing is focused on the public aspects of
health.
B) In our textbook, the term community health practice refers to a focus on specific,
designated communities and is a part of the
larger public health effort.
C) Public health nursing and community health nursing relate to the very same types of
services and perspectives.
D) Both public health nursing and community health nursing are practiced exclusively
within institutions.
Ans: B
Feedback:
COMMUNITY AND PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING 10TH
EDITION RECTOR TEST BANK
Chapter 1 The Journey Begins: Introduction
1. After teaching a group of nursing students about the similarities and differences between
public health and community health, which of the following statements by a nursing student
would indicate knowledge of the similarities and differences between public health and
community health?
A) <Community health nursing is defined as
nursing care that is provided in a community setting, rather than an institutional setting.=
B) <Public health nursing is defined as nursing care that is provided in an institutional
setting.=
C) <Public health nursing is focused on the
health of individuals.=
D) <Community health nursing can shape the quality of community health services and
improve the health of the general public.=
Ans: D
Feedback:
Operating within an environment of rapid change and increasingly complex challenges,
this nursing specialty holds the potential to shape the quality of community health services and
improve the health of the general
public.
2. Which of the following statements would best
describe the difference between public health nursing and community health nursing?
A) Public health nursing is focused on the private aspects of health, and community health
nursing is focused on the public aspects of
health.
B) In our textbook, the term community health practice refers to a focus on specific,
designated communities and is a part of the
larger public health effort.
C) Public health nursing and community health nursing relate to the very same types of
services and perspectives.
D) Both public health nursing and community health nursing are practiced exclusively
within institutions.
Ans: B
Feedback:
EDITION RECTOR TEST BANK
Chapter 1 The Journey Begins: Introduction
1. After teaching a group of nursing students about the similarities and differences between
public health and community health, which of the following statements by a nursing student
would indicate knowledge of the similarities and differences between public health and
community health?
A) <Community health nursing is defined as
nursing care that is provided in a community setting, rather than an institutional setting.=
B) <Public health nursing is defined as nursing care that is provided in an institutional
setting.=
C) <Public health nursing is focused on the
health of individuals.=
D) <Community health nursing can shape the quality of community health services and
improve the health of the general public.=
Ans: D
Feedback:
Operating within an environment of rapid change and increasingly complex challenges,
this nursing specialty holds the potential to shape the quality of community health services and
improve the health of the general
public.
2. Which of the following statements would best
describe the difference between public health nursing and community health nursing?
A) Public health nursing is focused on the private aspects of health, and community health
nursing is focused on the public aspects of
health.
B) In our textbook, the term community health practice refers to a focus on specific,
designated communities and is a part of the
larger public health effort.
C) Public health nursing and community health nursing relate to the very same types of
services and perspectives.
D) Both public health nursing and community health nursing are practiced exclusively
within institutions.
Ans: B
Feedback:
In this textbook, community health practice refers to a focus on specific, designated
communities. It is a part of the larger public health effort and recognizes the fundamental
concepts and principles of public health as its birthright and foundation for practice. Public
health nursing is focused on the public aspects of health. Public health nursing and community
health nursing have distinctive types of services and perspectives. Neither public health nursing
nor community health nursing is practiced exclusively within
institutions.
3. Which of the following is most accurate about
the concept of community?
A) A community is a collection of people who
share some important features of their lives.
B) Community members live in the same
geographic location.
C) Community members are biologically related.
D) A community is made up of people who do not necessarily interact with one another and
do not necessarily share a sense of belonging
to that group.
Ans: A
Feedback:
The broad definition of a community is a collection of people who share some important
features of their lives. Community members may not live in the same geographic location as in a
common-interest community or a community of solution. A population is made up of people
who do not necessarily interact with one another and do not necessarily share a sense of
belonging to that
group.
4. A group of students are reviewing material for a test on populations, communities, and
aggregates. Which of the following indicates
that the students understand these concepts?
A) Members of a population share a sense of
belonging.
B) Communities and populations are types of
aggregates.
C) Individuals of a community are loosely
connected.
D) Members of an aggregate share a strong bond.
Ans: B
Feedback:
An aggregate refers to a mass of grouping of distinct individuals who are considered as a
whole and who are loosely associated with one another. Communities and populations are types
of aggregates. A population is made up of people who do not necessarily interact with one
another and do not necessarily share a sense of belonging to the group. A community is a
communities. It is a part of the larger public health effort and recognizes the fundamental
concepts and principles of public health as its birthright and foundation for practice. Public
health nursing is focused on the public aspects of health. Public health nursing and community
health nursing have distinctive types of services and perspectives. Neither public health nursing
nor community health nursing is practiced exclusively within
institutions.
3. Which of the following is most accurate about
the concept of community?
A) A community is a collection of people who
share some important features of their lives.
B) Community members live in the same
geographic location.
C) Community members are biologically related.
D) A community is made up of people who do not necessarily interact with one another and
do not necessarily share a sense of belonging
to that group.
Ans: A
Feedback:
The broad definition of a community is a collection of people who share some important
features of their lives. Community members may not live in the same geographic location as in a
common-interest community or a community of solution. A population is made up of people
who do not necessarily interact with one another and do not necessarily share a sense of
belonging to that
group.
4. A group of students are reviewing material for a test on populations, communities, and
aggregates. Which of the following indicates
that the students understand these concepts?
A) Members of a population share a sense of
belonging.
B) Communities and populations are types of
aggregates.
C) Individuals of a community are loosely
connected.
D) Members of an aggregate share a strong bond.
Ans: B
Feedback:
An aggregate refers to a mass of grouping of distinct individuals who are considered as a
whole and who are loosely associated with one another. Communities and populations are types
of aggregates. A population is made up of people who do not necessarily interact with one
another and do not necessarily share a sense of belonging to the group. A community is a
In this textbook, community health practice refers to a focus on specific, designated
communities. It is a part of the larger public health effort and recognizes the fundamental
concepts and principles of public health as its birthright and foundation for practice. Public
health nursing is focused on the public aspects of health. Public health nursing and community
health nursing have distinctive types of services and perspectives. Neither public health nursing
nor community health nursing is practiced exclusively within
institutions.
3. Which of the following is most accurate about
the concept of community?
A) A community is a collection of people who
share some important features of their lives.
B) Community members live in the same
geographic location.
C) Community members are biologically related.
D) A community is made up of people who do not necessarily interact with one another and
do not necessarily share a sense of belonging
to that group.
Ans: A
Feedback:
The broad definition of a community is a collection of people who share some important
features of their lives. Community members may not live in the same geographic location as in a
common-interest community or a community of solution. A population is made up of people
who do not necessarily interact with one another and do not necessarily share a sense of
belonging to that
group.
4. A group of students are reviewing material for a test on populations, communities, and
aggregates. Which of the following indicates
that the students understand these concepts?
A) Members of a population share a sense of
belonging.
B) Communities and populations are types of
aggregates.
C) Individuals of a community are loosely
connected.
D) Members of an aggregate share a strong bond.
Ans: B
Feedback:
An aggregate refers to a mass of grouping of distinct individuals who are considered as a
whole and who are loosely associated with one another. Communities and populations are types
of aggregates. A population is made up of people who do not necessarily interact with one
another and do not necessarily share a sense of belonging to the group. A community is a
communities. It is a part of the larger public health effort and recognizes the fundamental
concepts and principles of public health as its birthright and foundation for practice. Public
health nursing is focused on the public aspects of health. Public health nursing and community
health nursing have distinctive types of services and perspectives. Neither public health nursing
nor community health nursing is practiced exclusively within
institutions.
3. Which of the following is most accurate about
the concept of community?
A) A community is a collection of people who
share some important features of their lives.
B) Community members live in the same
geographic location.
C) Community members are biologically related.
D) A community is made up of people who do not necessarily interact with one another and
do not necessarily share a sense of belonging
to that group.
Ans: A
Feedback:
The broad definition of a community is a collection of people who share some important
features of their lives. Community members may not live in the same geographic location as in a
common-interest community or a community of solution. A population is made up of people
who do not necessarily interact with one another and do not necessarily share a sense of
belonging to that
group.
4. A group of students are reviewing material for a test on populations, communities, and
aggregates. Which of the following indicates
that the students understand these concepts?
A) Members of a population share a sense of
belonging.
B) Communities and populations are types of
aggregates.
C) Individuals of a community are loosely
connected.
D) Members of an aggregate share a strong bond.
Ans: B
Feedback:
An aggregate refers to a mass of grouping of distinct individuals who are considered as a
whole and who are loosely associated with one another. Communities and populations are types
of aggregates. A population is made up of people who do not necessarily interact with one
another and do not necessarily share a sense of belonging to the group. A community is a
collection of people who chose to interact with one another because of common interests,
characteristics, or goals, which form the basis for a sense of unity or
belonging.
5. Which of the following would a community health nurse identify as a community of
common interest?
A) The global community
B) Small rural town in a northern state
C) National professional organization
D) Counties addressing water pollution
Ans: C
Feedback:
A common-interest community shares a common interest or goal that binds the members
together. Membership in a national professional organization is one example. The global
community and a small rural town in a northern state would be examples of a geographic
community. Counties addressing a water pollution problem would be an example
of a community of solution.
6. The nurse is working with a community of solution. Which of the following would the
nurse expect to find?
A) A health problem affecting the group
B) Common goal binding members together
C) Sharing of a similar goal
D) Locational boundaries
Ans: A
Feedback:
A community of solution involves a group of people coming together to solve a problem
that affects them. A common-interest community involves a collection of people widely
scattered geographically who have an interest or goal that binds the members together. A
geographical community is one defined by its geographical or locational
boundaries.
7. Which one of the following statements made by a student would the nurse educator
recognize as evidence that a student
understands the health continuum?
A) The distinction between health and illness is
well demarcated.
B) Illness refers to a state of being relatively
unhealthy.
C) The term health is limited to reflect an
individual's state.
D) Treatment of acute conditions reflects the
current focus of health care.
Ans: B
characteristics, or goals, which form the basis for a sense of unity or
belonging.
5. Which of the following would a community health nurse identify as a community of
common interest?
A) The global community
B) Small rural town in a northern state
C) National professional organization
D) Counties addressing water pollution
Ans: C
Feedback:
A common-interest community shares a common interest or goal that binds the members
together. Membership in a national professional organization is one example. The global
community and a small rural town in a northern state would be examples of a geographic
community. Counties addressing a water pollution problem would be an example
of a community of solution.
6. The nurse is working with a community of solution. Which of the following would the
nurse expect to find?
A) A health problem affecting the group
B) Common goal binding members together
C) Sharing of a similar goal
D) Locational boundaries
Ans: A
Feedback:
A community of solution involves a group of people coming together to solve a problem
that affects them. A common-interest community involves a collection of people widely
scattered geographically who have an interest or goal that binds the members together. A
geographical community is one defined by its geographical or locational
boundaries.
7. Which one of the following statements made by a student would the nurse educator
recognize as evidence that a student
understands the health continuum?
A) The distinction between health and illness is
well demarcated.
B) Illness refers to a state of being relatively
unhealthy.
C) The term health is limited to reflect an
individual's state.
D) Treatment of acute conditions reflects the
current focus of health care.
Ans: B
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Feedback:
Although society typically depicts an absolute line of difference between being either
well or ill, health is considered a relative term. Thus, illness is viewed as a state of being
relatively unhealthy. Health is typically described as a continuum that involves a range of
degrees from optimal health at one end to total disability or death at the other. The line of
demarcation is not clear. Health applies to individuals, families, and communities.
Traditionally, most health care has focused on the treatment of acute and chronic conditions at
the illness end of the continuum, but this emphasis is shifting to focus on the wellness
end.
8. When discussing the concept of the health continuum with a class, the nurse educator
would be certain to include which statement
in the description?
A) Wellness is a relative concept, not an absolute, and illness is a state of being
relatively unhealthy.
B) A client's placement on the health continuum
is static throughout time.
C) Health is best described as cyclic.
D) The health continuum can only be applied to
individuals.
Ans: A
Feedback:
Wellness is a relative concept, not an absolute, and illness is a state of being relatively
unhealthy. The continuum can change. Because health involves a range of degrees from optimal
health at one end to total disability or death at the other, it is often described as a continuum. The
health continuum applies not only to individuals but
also to families and communities.
9. After discussing the leading health indicators with a class, which condition if stated by
the class as one of these indicators suggests that
the class has understood the information?
A) Cardiac disease
B) Mental health
C) Sedentary lifestyle
D) Maternal health care
Ans: B
Feedback:
Mental health is a leading health indicator. Other leading health indicators include
physical activity, overweight and obesity, tobacco use, substance use, responsible sexual
behavior, injury and violence, environmental quality, immunization, and access to health
care.
Although society typically depicts an absolute line of difference between being either
well or ill, health is considered a relative term. Thus, illness is viewed as a state of being
relatively unhealthy. Health is typically described as a continuum that involves a range of
degrees from optimal health at one end to total disability or death at the other. The line of
demarcation is not clear. Health applies to individuals, families, and communities.
Traditionally, most health care has focused on the treatment of acute and chronic conditions at
the illness end of the continuum, but this emphasis is shifting to focus on the wellness
end.
8. When discussing the concept of the health continuum with a class, the nurse educator
would be certain to include which statement
in the description?
A) Wellness is a relative concept, not an absolute, and illness is a state of being
relatively unhealthy.
B) A client's placement on the health continuum
is static throughout time.
C) Health is best described as cyclic.
D) The health continuum can only be applied to
individuals.
Ans: A
Feedback:
Wellness is a relative concept, not an absolute, and illness is a state of being relatively
unhealthy. The continuum can change. Because health involves a range of degrees from optimal
health at one end to total disability or death at the other, it is often described as a continuum. The
health continuum applies not only to individuals but
also to families and communities.
9. After discussing the leading health indicators with a class, which condition if stated by
the class as one of these indicators suggests that
the class has understood the information?
A) Cardiac disease
B) Mental health
C) Sedentary lifestyle
D) Maternal health care
Ans: B
Feedback:
Mental health is a leading health indicator. Other leading health indicators include
physical activity, overweight and obesity, tobacco use, substance use, responsible sexual
behavior, injury and violence, environmental quality, immunization, and access to health
care.
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10. Which of the following statements about
health promotion and disease prevention is the most accurate?
A) Health promotion and disease prevention include all efforts that seek to move people
closer to optimal well-being or higher levels
of wellness.
B) Disease prevention differs from health promotion in that disease prevention is
targeted toward a specific disease or diseases.
C) Health promotion can be described in terms of
primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
D) The goal of disease prevention is to raise levels of wellness for individuals, families,
populations, and communities.
Ans: B
Feedback:
Health promotion includes all efforts that seek to move people closer to optimal well-
being or higher levels of wellness. The goal of health promotion is to raise levels of wellness for
individuals, families, populations, and communities. Disease prevention is targeted toward a
specific disease or diseases and consists of primary, secondary, and tertiary
prevention.
11. A group of community health nursing students design a health education program for a
group of pregnant teens that includes teaching nutrition during pregnancy, demonstrating helpful
exercises, and discussing their concerns. This is an example
of which of the following?
A) Health promotion
B) Treatment of disorders
C) Rehabilitation
D) Evaluation
Ans: A
Feedback:
The student nurses are engaging in health promotion activities. Health promotion
incorporates all efforts that seek to move people closer to optimal well-being or to higher levels
of wellness. Treatment of disorders would include direct care for issues involving the group,
such as complications that might arise in this population.
Rehabilitation would involve activities to minimize disability or restore or preserve function.
Evaluation would involve an analysis of the effectiveness of these
activities.
12. plan of primary prevention activities. Which of the following might the nurse include?
Select all that apply.
A) Teaching about safe-sex practices to high
health promotion and disease prevention is the most accurate?
A) Health promotion and disease prevention include all efforts that seek to move people
closer to optimal well-being or higher levels
of wellness.
B) Disease prevention differs from health promotion in that disease prevention is
targeted toward a specific disease or diseases.
C) Health promotion can be described in terms of
primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
D) The goal of disease prevention is to raise levels of wellness for individuals, families,
populations, and communities.
Ans: B
Feedback:
Health promotion includes all efforts that seek to move people closer to optimal well-
being or higher levels of wellness. The goal of health promotion is to raise levels of wellness for
individuals, families, populations, and communities. Disease prevention is targeted toward a
specific disease or diseases and consists of primary, secondary, and tertiary
prevention.
11. A group of community health nursing students design a health education program for a
group of pregnant teens that includes teaching nutrition during pregnancy, demonstrating helpful
exercises, and discussing their concerns. This is an example
of which of the following?
A) Health promotion
B) Treatment of disorders
C) Rehabilitation
D) Evaluation
Ans: A
Feedback:
The student nurses are engaging in health promotion activities. Health promotion
incorporates all efforts that seek to move people closer to optimal well-being or to higher levels
of wellness. Treatment of disorders would include direct care for issues involving the group,
such as complications that might arise in this population.
Rehabilitation would involve activities to minimize disability or restore or preserve function.
Evaluation would involve an analysis of the effectiveness of these
activities.
12. plan of primary prevention activities. Which of the following might the nurse include?
Select all that apply.
A) Teaching about safe-sex practices to high
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school students
B) Encouraging older adults to install safety
devices in the bathroom
C) Providing regular immunization programs for
communicable diseases
D) Participating in cholesterol screening
programs at health fairs
E) Providing skin testing for tuberculosis for
children over 1 year of age
F) Working with a group testing water samples
for contamination
Ans: A, B, C
Feedback:
Primary prevention activities are those taken to keep illness or injuries from occurring.
These include teaching about safe-sex practices, encouraging older adults to use safety devices in
the bathroom, and providing regular immunization programs for communicable diseases.
Cholesterol screening programs, skin tests for tuberculosis, and working with a group testing
water samples for contamination are examples of secondary prevention activities.
13. A community health nurse is preparing a presentation for a group of nursing students
about community health nursing. Which of the following descriptions about community health
nursing would the nurse most likely
include in the presentation?
A) Focusing on addressing continuous needs
B) Working with the client as an equal partner
C) Engaging in tertiary prevention as the priority
D) Encouraging clients to reach out to the nurse
Ans: B
Feedback:
The community health nurse works with the client as an equal partner, encouraging
autonomy. At any time, the nurse deals with continuous and episodic needs simultaneously.
Primary prevention is the priority for community health nurses. The community health nurse
engages in primary prevention as the priority, having the obligation to actively reach out to all
who might benefit from a specific activity or
service.
14. A community health nurse is working with other members of a team that will be
implementing a citywide immunization program. The nurse is coordinating the services and
addressing the needs of the population groups to ensure which of the
following?
A) Involvement of the community
B) Client participation
C) Continuity of service
D) Plan for follow-up
Ans: C
Feedback:
B) Encouraging older adults to install safety
devices in the bathroom
C) Providing regular immunization programs for
communicable diseases
D) Participating in cholesterol screening
programs at health fairs
E) Providing skin testing for tuberculosis for
children over 1 year of age
F) Working with a group testing water samples
for contamination
Ans: A, B, C
Feedback:
Primary prevention activities are those taken to keep illness or injuries from occurring.
These include teaching about safe-sex practices, encouraging older adults to use safety devices in
the bathroom, and providing regular immunization programs for communicable diseases.
Cholesterol screening programs, skin tests for tuberculosis, and working with a group testing
water samples for contamination are examples of secondary prevention activities.
13. A community health nurse is preparing a presentation for a group of nursing students
about community health nursing. Which of the following descriptions about community health
nursing would the nurse most likely
include in the presentation?
A) Focusing on addressing continuous needs
B) Working with the client as an equal partner
C) Engaging in tertiary prevention as the priority
D) Encouraging clients to reach out to the nurse
Ans: B
Feedback:
The community health nurse works with the client as an equal partner, encouraging
autonomy. At any time, the nurse deals with continuous and episodic needs simultaneously.
Primary prevention is the priority for community health nurses. The community health nurse
engages in primary prevention as the priority, having the obligation to actively reach out to all
who might benefit from a specific activity or
service.
14. A community health nurse is working with other members of a team that will be
implementing a citywide immunization program. The nurse is coordinating the services and
addressing the needs of the population groups to ensure which of the
following?
A) Involvement of the community
B) Client participation
C) Continuity of service
D) Plan for follow-up
Ans: C
Feedback:
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Working in cooperation with other team members and coordinating services and
addressing the needs of population groups are essential to interprofessional collaboration. In
doing so, the community health nurse is preventing fragmentation and gaps thereby ensuring
continuity of service. Involvement of the community and client participation are important but
these help to ensure that the clients are viewed as equal partners of the health care team. A plan
for follow-up may or may not be appropriate. In addition, it is the only aspect that may be
addressed with the
program.
15. A community health nurse works to ensure the greatest good for the greatest number of
people by applying which of the following?
A) Secondary prevention activities
B) Autonomy
C) Justice
D) Utilitarianism
Ans: D
Feedback:
The ethical theory of utilitarianism promotes the greatest good for the greatest number.
Primary prevention activities, not secondary prevention, are the priority. Autonomy refers to the
freedom of choice. Justice involves
treating people fairly.
16. When working in the community, the community health nurse adopts the teaching plan to
ensure that the population understands the basic information provided to address
which of the following?
A) Self-care
B) Health disparities
C) Health literacy
D) Episodic needs
Ans: C
Feedback:
Consumers are often intimated by health professionals and are uninformed about health
and health care affecting the quality of care.
Adopting a teaching plan to ensure that the population understands the basic information
addresses health literacy, the ability to read, understand, and use health care information
appropriately. Doing so helps to ensure that the teaching plan will be effective. Self-care refers to
the process of taking responsibility for developing one's own health potential by actively
participating in promoting one's own health. Health disparities reflect differences in all aspects of
health care related to vulnerable populations. Episodic needs are one-time
specific negative health events that arise and are not an expected part of life.
addressing the needs of population groups are essential to interprofessional collaboration. In
doing so, the community health nurse is preventing fragmentation and gaps thereby ensuring
continuity of service. Involvement of the community and client participation are important but
these help to ensure that the clients are viewed as equal partners of the health care team. A plan
for follow-up may or may not be appropriate. In addition, it is the only aspect that may be
addressed with the
program.
15. A community health nurse works to ensure the greatest good for the greatest number of
people by applying which of the following?
A) Secondary prevention activities
B) Autonomy
C) Justice
D) Utilitarianism
Ans: D
Feedback:
The ethical theory of utilitarianism promotes the greatest good for the greatest number.
Primary prevention activities, not secondary prevention, are the priority. Autonomy refers to the
freedom of choice. Justice involves
treating people fairly.
16. When working in the community, the community health nurse adopts the teaching plan to
ensure that the population understands the basic information provided to address
which of the following?
A) Self-care
B) Health disparities
C) Health literacy
D) Episodic needs
Ans: C
Feedback:
Consumers are often intimated by health professionals and are uninformed about health
and health care affecting the quality of care.
Adopting a teaching plan to ensure that the population understands the basic information
addresses health literacy, the ability to read, understand, and use health care information
appropriately. Doing so helps to ensure that the teaching plan will be effective. Self-care refers to
the process of taking responsibility for developing one's own health potential by actively
participating in promoting one's own health. Health disparities reflect differences in all aspects of
health care related to vulnerable populations. Episodic needs are one-time
specific negative health events that arise and are not an expected part of life.
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17. Which of the following would be crucial for the community health nurse to address as the
priority when dealing with policy makers about the development of community health
programs?
A) Research-based best practices
B) Population's make up
C) Amount of services to be provided
D) Scarcity of the available resources
Ans: A
Feedback:
Decisions for programs or services are often made on the basis of cost-effectiveness or
cost3benefit. Therefore, community health nurses must provide policy makers with information
about best practices, grounded in research. Although population make up, amount of services to
be provided, and scarcity of resources are factors that may need to be considered, the community
health nurse
must demonstrate evidence-based practice.
18. After a class that described the differences between acute care nursing and community
health nursing, which statement by the class about community health nurses indicates
successful teaching?
A) Use a reactive approach.
B) Seek out potential health problems.
C) Concentrate on the illness end of the
continuum.
D) Emphasize curative care.
Ans: B
Feedback:
Community health nurses, in contrast to acute care nurses, seek out potential health
problems, identifying high-risk groups and instituting preventive programs; use a proactive
approach; concentrate on the wellness end of the health continuum; and put
less emphasis on curative care.
19. Which of the following activities would be associated with a community health nurse?
Select all that apply.
A) Examining infants in a city well-baby clinic
B) Caring for elderly stroke victims in their
homes
C) Providing emergency care in an acute care
facility
D) Carrying out epidemiologic research
E) Participating in health policy analysis
Ans: A, B, D, E
Feedback:
Community health nurses work in every conceivable kind of community agency, from a
state public health department to a community-based advocacy group. Their duties rang from
examining infants in a well- baby clinic or teaching elderly stroke victims in their homes to
priority when dealing with policy makers about the development of community health
programs?
A) Research-based best practices
B) Population's make up
C) Amount of services to be provided
D) Scarcity of the available resources
Ans: A
Feedback:
Decisions for programs or services are often made on the basis of cost-effectiveness or
cost3benefit. Therefore, community health nurses must provide policy makers with information
about best practices, grounded in research. Although population make up, amount of services to
be provided, and scarcity of resources are factors that may need to be considered, the community
health nurse
must demonstrate evidence-based practice.
18. After a class that described the differences between acute care nursing and community
health nursing, which statement by the class about community health nurses indicates
successful teaching?
A) Use a reactive approach.
B) Seek out potential health problems.
C) Concentrate on the illness end of the
continuum.
D) Emphasize curative care.
Ans: B
Feedback:
Community health nurses, in contrast to acute care nurses, seek out potential health
problems, identifying high-risk groups and instituting preventive programs; use a proactive
approach; concentrate on the wellness end of the health continuum; and put
less emphasis on curative care.
19. Which of the following activities would be associated with a community health nurse?
Select all that apply.
A) Examining infants in a city well-baby clinic
B) Caring for elderly stroke victims in their
homes
C) Providing emergency care in an acute care
facility
D) Carrying out epidemiologic research
E) Participating in health policy analysis
Ans: A, B, D, E
Feedback:
Community health nurses work in every conceivable kind of community agency, from a
state public health department to a community-based advocacy group. Their duties rang from
examining infants in a well- baby clinic or teaching elderly stroke victims in their homes to
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carrying out epidemiologic research or engaging in health policy analysis and decision making.
Providing care in an acute care facility would not be an activity
associated with a community health nurse.
20. The term health can be described in many different ways. A community health nurse
would view health as which of the following?
A) The absence of disease
B) The potential to lead a productive life
C) An environment free of toxins
D) A holistic state of well-being
Ans: D
Feedback:
Community health nurses view health as a holistic state of well-being, which includes
soundness of mind, body, and spirit. Along with this foundational view is the emphasis on
wellness, which includes the definition of health as well as the capacity to develop a person's
potential to lead a fulfilling and productive life. Health is more than just the absence of disease or
an environment free of
toxins.
21. While interviewing a client, which of the following statements would a nurse identify as
reflecting an objective dimension of
health?
A) <I'm feeling better since I started taking that
medication.=
B) <Life is pretty good right now, except for an
occasional upset stomach.=
C) <I'm able to wash myself in the mornings with
just a bit of help.=
D) <Sometimes when I wake up, I don't even
want to face the day.=
Ans: C
Feedback:
The objective dimension of health involves one's ability to function in daily activities.
The statement about being able to care for one's self is an example. The statements of feeling
better with medication, life being pretty good, and not wanting to face the day are examples of
the subjective dimension of
health, which involves how people feel.
22. When employing a population-oriented focus, the community health nurse would do
which
of the following?
A) Assess the groups' relationships looking for a
common need.
B) Consider the members individually for
Providing care in an acute care facility would not be an activity
associated with a community health nurse.
20. The term health can be described in many different ways. A community health nurse
would view health as which of the following?
A) The absence of disease
B) The potential to lead a productive life
C) An environment free of toxins
D) A holistic state of well-being
Ans: D
Feedback:
Community health nurses view health as a holistic state of well-being, which includes
soundness of mind, body, and spirit. Along with this foundational view is the emphasis on
wellness, which includes the definition of health as well as the capacity to develop a person's
potential to lead a fulfilling and productive life. Health is more than just the absence of disease or
an environment free of
toxins.
21. While interviewing a client, which of the following statements would a nurse identify as
reflecting an objective dimension of
health?
A) <I'm feeling better since I started taking that
medication.=
B) <Life is pretty good right now, except for an
occasional upset stomach.=
C) <I'm able to wash myself in the mornings with
just a bit of help.=
D) <Sometimes when I wake up, I don't even
want to face the day.=
Ans: C
Feedback:
The objective dimension of health involves one's ability to function in daily activities.
The statement about being able to care for one's self is an example. The statements of feeling
better with medication, life being pretty good, and not wanting to face the day are examples of
the subjective dimension of
health, which involves how people feel.
22. When employing a population-oriented focus, the community health nurse would do
which
of the following?
A) Assess the groups' relationships looking for a
common need.
B) Consider the members individually for
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similarities.
C) Focus on the geographical area of the
population.
D) Promote the groups' dependency for
improving health.
Ans: A
Feedback:
A population-oriented focus requires the assessment of relationships, considering the
groups or communities in relationship to the rest of the community to discover common needs or
risks for a common health problem. The nurse does not consider the groups or communities
separately but rather in context. The population may or may not be delineated by the
geographical area. The community health nurse encourages individuals' participation to promote
their autonomy rather
than permitting dependency.
23. A community health nurse is involved in a project to evaluate the health of a city. Which
of the following findings would suggest that the city would most likely need additional
programs?
A) Citizens are actively involved in the city's department of recreation and after-school
programs.
B) The construction of affordable organized
housing developments and communities is nearing completion.
C) Approximately one third of the people are recently unemployed due to closure of the
automotive factory.
D) Several new recreational facilities for adults and children have been created at several
locations.
Ans: C
Feedback:
A healthy city is one in which there is continual creation and improvement the physical
and social environments with expansion of community resources so that people can mutually
support one another. It is characterized by the meeting of basic needs for all of the city's people.
This would include food, water, shelter, income, safety, and work. Loss of employment of one
third of the city's workforce would be a threat to the health of the city and necessitate
intervention. Active involvement in the city's functioning, affordable housing, and recreational
facilities
are suggestive of a healthy city.
Chapter 2 Public Health Nursing in the Community
1. A community health nurse is engaging in assurance activities. Which of the following
would best explain these activities?
C) Focus on the geographical area of the
population.
D) Promote the groups' dependency for
improving health.
Ans: A
Feedback:
A population-oriented focus requires the assessment of relationships, considering the
groups or communities in relationship to the rest of the community to discover common needs or
risks for a common health problem. The nurse does not consider the groups or communities
separately but rather in context. The population may or may not be delineated by the
geographical area. The community health nurse encourages individuals' participation to promote
their autonomy rather
than permitting dependency.
23. A community health nurse is involved in a project to evaluate the health of a city. Which
of the following findings would suggest that the city would most likely need additional
programs?
A) Citizens are actively involved in the city's department of recreation and after-school
programs.
B) The construction of affordable organized
housing developments and communities is nearing completion.
C) Approximately one third of the people are recently unemployed due to closure of the
automotive factory.
D) Several new recreational facilities for adults and children have been created at several
locations.
Ans: C
Feedback:
A healthy city is one in which there is continual creation and improvement the physical
and social environments with expansion of community resources so that people can mutually
support one another. It is characterized by the meeting of basic needs for all of the city's people.
This would include food, water, shelter, income, safety, and work. Loss of employment of one
third of the city's workforce would be a threat to the health of the city and necessitate
intervention. Active involvement in the city's functioning, affordable housing, and recreational
facilities
are suggestive of a healthy city.
Chapter 2 Public Health Nursing in the Community
1. A community health nurse is engaging in assurance activities. Which of the following
would best explain these activities?
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A) Gathering and analyzing information that will
affect the health of the people to be served
B) Providing leadership in facilitating community groups toward meeting their needs, often
involving changes in and
additions to existing laws
C) Being involved in activities to make certain that necessary services are being provided to
the community
D) Accessing relevant data that enable identification of strengths, weaknesses, and
needs within the community
Ans: C
Feedback:
Assurance activities are those activities that make certain that services are provided and
include focusing on the availability of necessary health services throughout the community,
maintaining the ability of public health agencies and private providers to manage day-to-day
operations as well as the capacity to respond to critical situations and emergencies. Assessment
involves gathering and analyzing information that will affect the health of those to be served and
accessing relevant data to enable the nurse to identify strengths, weaknesses, and needs. Policy
development involves providing leadership in
facilitating community groups.
2. When fulfilling the function of assessment, which of the following would be most
important for the community health nurse to
do?
A) Secure the trust of the clients
B) Gather appropriate information
C) Interact with key community leaders
D) Use a variety of assessment tools
Ans: A
Feedback:
Although securing and maintaining the trust of others is pivotal to all nursing practice, it
is even more critical when working in the community. Trust can afford a nurse access to client
populations that are difficult to engage, to agencies, and to health care providers. As difficult as
it may be for the nurse to gain the trust and respect of the community, if it is ever lost, these
attributes can be difficult if not impossible to regain. Gathering information, interacting with key
community leaders, and using a variety of assessment tools are important, but they can only
occur
after trust is established.
affect the health of the people to be served
B) Providing leadership in facilitating community groups toward meeting their needs, often
involving changes in and
additions to existing laws
C) Being involved in activities to make certain that necessary services are being provided to
the community
D) Accessing relevant data that enable identification of strengths, weaknesses, and
needs within the community
Ans: C
Feedback:
Assurance activities are those activities that make certain that services are provided and
include focusing on the availability of necessary health services throughout the community,
maintaining the ability of public health agencies and private providers to manage day-to-day
operations as well as the capacity to respond to critical situations and emergencies. Assessment
involves gathering and analyzing information that will affect the health of those to be served and
accessing relevant data to enable the nurse to identify strengths, weaknesses, and needs. Policy
development involves providing leadership in
facilitating community groups.
2. When fulfilling the function of assessment, which of the following would be most
important for the community health nurse to
do?
A) Secure the trust of the clients
B) Gather appropriate information
C) Interact with key community leaders
D) Use a variety of assessment tools
Ans: A
Feedback:
Although securing and maintaining the trust of others is pivotal to all nursing practice, it
is even more critical when working in the community. Trust can afford a nurse access to client
populations that are difficult to engage, to agencies, and to health care providers. As difficult as
it may be for the nurse to gain the trust and respect of the community, if it is ever lost, these
attributes can be difficult if not impossible to regain. Gathering information, interacting with key
community leaders, and using a variety of assessment tools are important, but they can only
occur
after trust is established.
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3. The community health nurse is engaging in the core function of policy development.
With which of the activities would the nurse most
likely be involved?
A) Monitoring health status to identify
community health problems
B) Empowering communities about important
health issues
C) Linking individuals to needed personal health
services
D) Ensuring a competent health care workforce
is available
Ans: B
Feedback:
With policy development, the community health nurse would be involved in informing,
educating, and empowering people about health issues. Monitoring health status is associated
with the assessment function.
Linking individuals to needed personal health services and ensuring a competent public health
and personal health care workforce are
associated with assurance.
4. A community health nurse is collaborating with local community leaders to prepare a
community disaster plan. Which function is
the nurse fulfilling?
A) Research
B) Assurance
C) Policy development
D) Assessment
Ans: B
Feedback:
Community health nurses perform the assurance function at the community level when
they collaborate with community leaders in the preparation of a community disaster plan.
Research is demonstrated by gaining new insights and innovative solutions to health problems.
Policy development would involve client information, education and empowerment,
mobilization of community partnerships, and the development of plans and policies to support
community health efforts. Assessment involves monitoring health status for community health
problems and diagnosing and investigating health problems and hazards in the
community.
5. A community health nurse has collected data for several months on the birth weights of
newborns to mothers who smoked throughout their pregnancy. This nurse is acting in which
role?
A) Collaborator
B) Manager
C) Researcher
D) Clinician
With which of the activities would the nurse most
likely be involved?
A) Monitoring health status to identify
community health problems
B) Empowering communities about important
health issues
C) Linking individuals to needed personal health
services
D) Ensuring a competent health care workforce
is available
Ans: B
Feedback:
With policy development, the community health nurse would be involved in informing,
educating, and empowering people about health issues. Monitoring health status is associated
with the assessment function.
Linking individuals to needed personal health services and ensuring a competent public health
and personal health care workforce are
associated with assurance.
4. A community health nurse is collaborating with local community leaders to prepare a
community disaster plan. Which function is
the nurse fulfilling?
A) Research
B) Assurance
C) Policy development
D) Assessment
Ans: B
Feedback:
Community health nurses perform the assurance function at the community level when
they collaborate with community leaders in the preparation of a community disaster plan.
Research is demonstrated by gaining new insights and innovative solutions to health problems.
Policy development would involve client information, education and empowerment,
mobilization of community partnerships, and the development of plans and policies to support
community health efforts. Assessment involves monitoring health status for community health
problems and diagnosing and investigating health problems and hazards in the
community.
5. A community health nurse has collected data for several months on the birth weights of
newborns to mothers who smoked throughout their pregnancy. This nurse is acting in which
role?
A) Collaborator
B) Manager
C) Researcher
D) Clinician
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Ans: C
Feedback:
The nurse is assuming the role of a researcher, that is, engaging in systematic
investigation that includes data collection. In the collaborator role, the nurse would work with
numerous members of the health team, working jointly with others in a common endeavor. In the
manager role, the nurse exercises administrative direction toward the accomplishment of
specified goals. In the clinician role, the nurse ensures the provision of health care services to
individuals,
families, groups, and populations.
6. A nurse in community health nursing setting works with police officers, social workers,
health educators, and other nurses to promote the health of clients. The nurse is acting in
which role?
A) Clinician
B) Educator
C) Researcher
D) Collaborator
Ans: D
Feedback:
The nurse is assuming the role of collaborator. In this role, the community health nurse
works jointly with many individuals to benefit client care. In the clinician role, the nurse ensures
the provision of health care services to individuals, families, groups, and populations. As an
educator, the nurse is the health teacher and provides information to community clients. In the
researcher role, the community health nurse engages in systematic investigation, collection, and
analysis of data for solving problems and
enhancing community health practice.
7. A community health nurse is interviewing for employment. The interviewer describes
some of the typical activities that the nurse would be involved in, such as making home visits to
families, holding immunization clinics for infants and children, and setting up flu-shot clinics for
elders. The interviewer is
describing which role?
A) Educator
B) Advocate
C) Clinician
D) Manager
Ans: C
Feedback:
The interviewer is describing direct care activities associated with the clinician role. As
an educator, the nurse is the health teacher and provides information to community clients. In the
advocate role, the nurse pleads for the clients' cause or acts on their behalf. In the manager role,
the nurse exercises administrative direction toward the
accomplishment of specified goals.
Feedback:
The nurse is assuming the role of a researcher, that is, engaging in systematic
investigation that includes data collection. In the collaborator role, the nurse would work with
numerous members of the health team, working jointly with others in a common endeavor. In the
manager role, the nurse exercises administrative direction toward the accomplishment of
specified goals. In the clinician role, the nurse ensures the provision of health care services to
individuals,
families, groups, and populations.
6. A nurse in community health nursing setting works with police officers, social workers,
health educators, and other nurses to promote the health of clients. The nurse is acting in
which role?
A) Clinician
B) Educator
C) Researcher
D) Collaborator
Ans: D
Feedback:
The nurse is assuming the role of collaborator. In this role, the community health nurse
works jointly with many individuals to benefit client care. In the clinician role, the nurse ensures
the provision of health care services to individuals, families, groups, and populations. As an
educator, the nurse is the health teacher and provides information to community clients. In the
researcher role, the community health nurse engages in systematic investigation, collection, and
analysis of data for solving problems and
enhancing community health practice.
7. A community health nurse is interviewing for employment. The interviewer describes
some of the typical activities that the nurse would be involved in, such as making home visits to
families, holding immunization clinics for infants and children, and setting up flu-shot clinics for
elders. The interviewer is
describing which role?
A) Educator
B) Advocate
C) Clinician
D) Manager
Ans: C
Feedback:
The interviewer is describing direct care activities associated with the clinician role. As
an educator, the nurse is the health teacher and provides information to community clients. In the
advocate role, the nurse pleads for the clients' cause or acts on their behalf. In the manager role,
the nurse exercises administrative direction toward the
accomplishment of specified goals.
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8. A community health nurse is reviewing his or her schedule for the day. Included in his or
her activities are planning client care, leading a staff conference, and supervising a new staff
member. This nurse is fulfilling which role?
A) Advocate
B) Manager
C) Collaborator
D) Researcher
Ans: B
Feedback:
When functioning in the manager role, the nurse exercises administrative direction
toward the accomplishment of specified goals. Overseeing client care as a case manager,
supervising ancillary staff, managing caseloads, running clinics, or conducting community health
needs assessment projects are examples of activities associated with the manager role. In the
advocate role, the nurse pleads for the clients' cause or acts on their behalf. In the collaborator
role, the nurse would work with numerous members of the health team, working jointly with
others in a common endeavor. In the researcher role, the community health nurse engages in
systematic investigation, collection, and analysis of data for solving problems and enhancing
community health practice.
9. While providing care to a family at a local center, the community health nurse contacts
the local department of social services to help the family attain assistance with health insurance
coverage. The nurse also gives the family a list of pharmacies where they can get their
prescriptions filled. The nurse is acting
in which role?
A) Educator
B) Leader
C) Clinician
D) Advocate
Ans: D
Feedback:
The nurse is acting in the role of advocate, by pleading their cause and acting on their
behalf. The nurse acts as an advocate by showing clients what services are available, the ones to
which they are entitled, and how to obtain them. As an educator, the nurse is the health teacher
and provides information to community clients. As a leader, the nurse directs, influences, or
persuades others to effect change that will positively impact people's health and move them
toward a goal. In the clinician role, the nurse ensures the provision of health care services to
individuals, families, groups, and populations.
her activities are planning client care, leading a staff conference, and supervising a new staff
member. This nurse is fulfilling which role?
A) Advocate
B) Manager
C) Collaborator
D) Researcher
Ans: B
Feedback:
When functioning in the manager role, the nurse exercises administrative direction
toward the accomplishment of specified goals. Overseeing client care as a case manager,
supervising ancillary staff, managing caseloads, running clinics, or conducting community health
needs assessment projects are examples of activities associated with the manager role. In the
advocate role, the nurse pleads for the clients' cause or acts on their behalf. In the collaborator
role, the nurse would work with numerous members of the health team, working jointly with
others in a common endeavor. In the researcher role, the community health nurse engages in
systematic investigation, collection, and analysis of data for solving problems and enhancing
community health practice.
9. While providing care to a family at a local center, the community health nurse contacts
the local department of social services to help the family attain assistance with health insurance
coverage. The nurse also gives the family a list of pharmacies where they can get their
prescriptions filled. The nurse is acting
in which role?
A) Educator
B) Leader
C) Clinician
D) Advocate
Ans: D
Feedback:
The nurse is acting in the role of advocate, by pleading their cause and acting on their
behalf. The nurse acts as an advocate by showing clients what services are available, the ones to
which they are entitled, and how to obtain them. As an educator, the nurse is the health teacher
and provides information to community clients. As a leader, the nurse directs, influences, or
persuades others to effect change that will positively impact people's health and move them
toward a goal. In the clinician role, the nurse ensures the provision of health care services to
individuals, families, groups, and populations.
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10. Which of the following best exemplifies the attributes of a community health nurse in the
researcher role?
A) Gaining the trust and respect of the staff
members
B) Interpreting abstract ideas so others can
understand
C) Implementing a staff development program
for a technique
D) Evaluating the correlation between variables
in specific health conditions
Ans: D
Feedback:
Attributes of a researcher include a spirit of inquiry, careful observation, analytic skills,
such as evaluating the possible cause and effect of a situation, and tenacity. Gaining the trust and
respect of staff, interpreting abstract ideas, and implementing a staff development program are
examples of the management
skills used in the role of manager.
11. Which of the following statements about the
role of educator within the framework of public health nursing functions is true?
A) The educator role has the potential for finding greater receptivity and providing higher-
yield
results.
B) People are unable to recognize the value of
health and are not well motivated to achieve higher levels of wellness.
C) It is only possible for a nurse to reach a
limited number of persons.
D) The public's higher level of health
consciousness hinders the educator's role.
Ans: A
Feedback:
The educator role has the potential for finding greater receptivity and providing higher-
yield results. People are recognizing the value of health and are increasingly motivated to
achieve higher levels of wellness. With an emphasis on populations and aggregates, the
educational efforts of community health nursing are appropriately targeted to reach many people.
One factor that enhances the educator role is the public's higher level of
health consciousness.
12. Which of the following statements about the
importance of the role of collaborator is true?
A) Community health nurses frequently practice
in isolation.
researcher role?
A) Gaining the trust and respect of the staff
members
B) Interpreting abstract ideas so others can
understand
C) Implementing a staff development program
for a technique
D) Evaluating the correlation between variables
in specific health conditions
Ans: D
Feedback:
Attributes of a researcher include a spirit of inquiry, careful observation, analytic skills,
such as evaluating the possible cause and effect of a situation, and tenacity. Gaining the trust and
respect of staff, interpreting abstract ideas, and implementing a staff development program are
examples of the management
skills used in the role of manager.
11. Which of the following statements about the
role of educator within the framework of public health nursing functions is true?
A) The educator role has the potential for finding greater receptivity and providing higher-
yield
results.
B) People are unable to recognize the value of
health and are not well motivated to achieve higher levels of wellness.
C) It is only possible for a nurse to reach a
limited number of persons.
D) The public's higher level of health
consciousness hinders the educator's role.
Ans: A
Feedback:
The educator role has the potential for finding greater receptivity and providing higher-
yield results. People are recognizing the value of health and are increasingly motivated to
achieve higher levels of wellness. With an emphasis on populations and aggregates, the
educational efforts of community health nursing are appropriately targeted to reach many people.
One factor that enhances the educator role is the public's higher level of
health consciousness.
12. Which of the following statements about the
importance of the role of collaborator is true?
A) Community health nurses frequently practice
in isolation.
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B) Successful community health practice depends on multidisciplinary collegiality and
leadership.
C) Community health nurses must assert themselves as the most powerful person on the
health care team to ensure each client
receives services that are necessary.
D) It is best for community health nurses to focus on what they, as nurses, can do for their
clients.
Ans: B
Feedback:
Community health nurses seldom practice in isolation. As collaborators, nurses work
jointly with others in a common endeavor, cooperating as partners. Successful community health
practice depends on multidisciplinary collegiality and leadership. The community health nurse's
collaborator role requires skills in communicating, in interpreting the nurse's unique contribution
to the team, and in acting assertively as an equal
partner.
13. Which of the following statements about the community health nurse's selection and
practice of each role is true?
A) Within a given time, a community health
nurse may practice multiple roles.
B) The knowledge that vulnerable populations need someone to guide them through the
complexities of the health care system and the
nurse can serve as an advocate for them
C) The researcher role for community health
nurses involves only the use of quantitative statistics.
D) The leadership role consists solely of
managing staff.
Ans: B
Feedback:
Community health nurses wear many hats while conducting day-to-day practice. At any
given time, however, one role is primary.
They need someone to guide them through the complexities of the system and assure the
satisfaction of their needs. This is particularly true for minorities and disadvantaged groups.
Although research technically involves a complex set of activities conducted by persons with
highly developed and specialized skills, research also means applying that technical study to
real-practice situations. As leaders, community health nurses seek to initiate changes that
positively
affect people's health.
leadership.
C) Community health nurses must assert themselves as the most powerful person on the
health care team to ensure each client
receives services that are necessary.
D) It is best for community health nurses to focus on what they, as nurses, can do for their
clients.
Ans: B
Feedback:
Community health nurses seldom practice in isolation. As collaborators, nurses work
jointly with others in a common endeavor, cooperating as partners. Successful community health
practice depends on multidisciplinary collegiality and leadership. The community health nurse's
collaborator role requires skills in communicating, in interpreting the nurse's unique contribution
to the team, and in acting assertively as an equal
partner.
13. Which of the following statements about the community health nurse's selection and
practice of each role is true?
A) Within a given time, a community health
nurse may practice multiple roles.
B) The knowledge that vulnerable populations need someone to guide them through the
complexities of the health care system and the
nurse can serve as an advocate for them
C) The researcher role for community health
nurses involves only the use of quantitative statistics.
D) The leadership role consists solely of
managing staff.
Ans: B
Feedback:
Community health nurses wear many hats while conducting day-to-day practice. At any
given time, however, one role is primary.
They need someone to guide them through the complexities of the system and assure the
satisfaction of their needs. This is particularly true for minorities and disadvantaged groups.
Although research technically involves a complex set of activities conducted by persons with
highly developed and specialized skills, research also means applying that technical study to
real-practice situations. As leaders, community health nurses seek to initiate changes that
positively
affect people's health.
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14. A community health nurse is involved in education, screening, referral, and support for
the individuals of a specific religious congregation. The nurse is practicing in which
setting?
A) Occupational health nursing
B) Faith community nursing
C) School nursing
D) Residential institution nursing
Ans: B
Feedback:
In faith community nursing, the practice focal point is the faith community and the
religious belief system provided by the philosophical framework. It may be called church-based
health promotion, parish nursing, or primary care parish nursing practice. Occupational health
nursing occurs in business and industry settings. School nursing, as the name implies, involves
practicing in the school system, including from preschools to colleges and universities.
Residential institution nursing occurs in any facility where the clients reside such as a halfway
house or continuing care
center.
15. Which of the following differentiates the home setting for community health nursing
from other settings?
A) The nurse acts primarily as an educator.
B) The client is viewed within his or her
environment.
C) Technologically advanced care is limited.
D) The home is being used less frequently today.
Ans: B
Feedback:
In the home, unlike most other health care settings, clients are on their own <turf,= such
that the client is the host, comfortable and secure in familiar surroundings, and the nurse is a
guest. Although education may be a major component of care in the home, all community health
nursing roles are performed to varying degrees. In addition, technologically advanced care in the
home is increasing in demand, with the home being the most frequently used setting for
community health nursing.
16. After teaching a group of students about the various settings for community health
nursing, the instructor determines that this teaching was successful when the students identify
which of the following as an example
of ambulatory service setting?
A) Local preschool
B) Halfway house
C) Continuing care center
D) Family planning clinic
Ans: D
the individuals of a specific religious congregation. The nurse is practicing in which
setting?
A) Occupational health nursing
B) Faith community nursing
C) School nursing
D) Residential institution nursing
Ans: B
Feedback:
In faith community nursing, the practice focal point is the faith community and the
religious belief system provided by the philosophical framework. It may be called church-based
health promotion, parish nursing, or primary care parish nursing practice. Occupational health
nursing occurs in business and industry settings. School nursing, as the name implies, involves
practicing in the school system, including from preschools to colleges and universities.
Residential institution nursing occurs in any facility where the clients reside such as a halfway
house or continuing care
center.
15. Which of the following differentiates the home setting for community health nursing
from other settings?
A) The nurse acts primarily as an educator.
B) The client is viewed within his or her
environment.
C) Technologically advanced care is limited.
D) The home is being used less frequently today.
Ans: B
Feedback:
In the home, unlike most other health care settings, clients are on their own <turf,= such
that the client is the host, comfortable and secure in familiar surroundings, and the nurse is a
guest. Although education may be a major component of care in the home, all community health
nursing roles are performed to varying degrees. In addition, technologically advanced care in the
home is increasing in demand, with the home being the most frequently used setting for
community health nursing.
16. After teaching a group of students about the various settings for community health
nursing, the instructor determines that this teaching was successful when the students identify
which of the following as an example
of ambulatory service setting?
A) Local preschool
B) Halfway house
C) Continuing care center
D) Family planning clinic
Ans: D
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Feedback:
Ambulatory service setting includes a variety of venues for community health nursing in
which clients come for day or evening services that do not include overnight stays. One example
is a family planning clinic. A local preschool would be an example of a school setting. A
halfway house and continuing care center are examples of
residential institutions.
17. After teaching a group of students about the changing roles of the community health
nurse in the occupational setting, the instructor determines that the students need additional
teaching when they state which of the
following?
A) Occupational health nurses are increasing
their role as employee advocates.
B) Health education is a key function of the
occupational health nurse.
C) There is a greater emphasis on the
occupational health nurse's role as a clinician.
D) Collaboration with other health care providers
fosters the offering of better services.
Ans: C
Feedback:
The clinician role was primary for many years, as nurses continued to care for sick or
injured employees at work. However, recognition of the need to protect employees' safety and,
later, to prevent their illness led to the inclusion of health education in the occupational health
nurse role. Occupational health nurses also act as employee advocates, assuring appropriate job
assignments for workers and adequate treatment for job- related illness or injury. They
collaborate with other health care providers and company management to offer better services to
their clients. They act as leaders and managers in developing new health services in the work
setting, endorsing programs such as
hypertension screening and weight control.
18. A community health nurse is working as a lobbyist for health legislation for AIDS
research at the state capital. This nurse is
practicing in which setting?
A) Faith community
B) Ambulatory service
C) Residential institution
D) Community at large
Ans: D
Feedback:
The community at large is not confined to a specific philosophy, location, or building. It
serves as the setting for practice of a nurse who serves on health care planning committees,
lobbies for health legislation at the state capital, runs for a school board position, or assists with
Ambulatory service setting includes a variety of venues for community health nursing in
which clients come for day or evening services that do not include overnight stays. One example
is a family planning clinic. A local preschool would be an example of a school setting. A
halfway house and continuing care center are examples of
residential institutions.
17. After teaching a group of students about the changing roles of the community health
nurse in the occupational setting, the instructor determines that the students need additional
teaching when they state which of the
following?
A) Occupational health nurses are increasing
their role as employee advocates.
B) Health education is a key function of the
occupational health nurse.
C) There is a greater emphasis on the
occupational health nurse's role as a clinician.
D) Collaboration with other health care providers
fosters the offering of better services.
Ans: C
Feedback:
The clinician role was primary for many years, as nurses continued to care for sick or
injured employees at work. However, recognition of the need to protect employees' safety and,
later, to prevent their illness led to the inclusion of health education in the occupational health
nurse role. Occupational health nurses also act as employee advocates, assuring appropriate job
assignments for workers and adequate treatment for job- related illness or injury. They
collaborate with other health care providers and company management to offer better services to
their clients. They act as leaders and managers in developing new health services in the work
setting, endorsing programs such as
hypertension screening and weight control.
18. A community health nurse is working as a lobbyist for health legislation for AIDS
research at the state capital. This nurse is
practicing in which setting?
A) Faith community
B) Ambulatory service
C) Residential institution
D) Community at large
Ans: D
Feedback:
The community at large is not confined to a specific philosophy, location, or building. It
serves as the setting for practice of a nurse who serves on health care planning committees,
lobbies for health legislation at the state capital, runs for a school board position, or assists with
Loading page 19...
flood relief in another state or country. Faith community nursing focuses on activities involving
the faith community and religious belief system.
Ambulatory service settings include a variety of venues in which clients come for day or evening
services that do not include overnight stays. Residential institutions include any
facility where clients reside.
19. Which of the following is included in the
most accurate description of school nursing?
A) This is one community health setting where
the role is static.
B) The primary role of school nurses is clinician.
C) The practice of school nurses is widening.
D) School nurses rarely act as advocates.
Ans: C
Feedback:
School nurses, whose primary role initially was that of clinician, are widening their
practice to include more health education, interprofessional collaboration, and client
advocacy.
20. A community health nurse is assuming the role of a manager. Which function would be
most important for the nurse to address first?
A) Planning
B) Organizing
C) Leading
D) Controlling
Ans: A
Feedback:
The management process incorporates a series of problem-solving activities or function:
planning, organizing, leading, and controlling and evaluating. Although these activities occur
simultaneously, they are sequential with
planning being the first activity.
21. A nursing student is interviewing a community health nurse about the various roles the
nurse assumes and the skills and behaviors necessary to perform each role. Which of the
following would the community health nurse identify as being essential to the
role of an advocate? Select all that apply.
A) Assertiveness
B) Ability to plan
C) Ability to negotiate
D) Risk taking
E) Holistic view
F) Questioning attitude
Ans: A, C, D
Feedback:
the faith community and religious belief system.
Ambulatory service settings include a variety of venues in which clients come for day or evening
services that do not include overnight stays. Residential institutions include any
facility where clients reside.
19. Which of the following is included in the
most accurate description of school nursing?
A) This is one community health setting where
the role is static.
B) The primary role of school nurses is clinician.
C) The practice of school nurses is widening.
D) School nurses rarely act as advocates.
Ans: C
Feedback:
School nurses, whose primary role initially was that of clinician, are widening their
practice to include more health education, interprofessional collaboration, and client
advocacy.
20. A community health nurse is assuming the role of a manager. Which function would be
most important for the nurse to address first?
A) Planning
B) Organizing
C) Leading
D) Controlling
Ans: A
Feedback:
The management process incorporates a series of problem-solving activities or function:
planning, organizing, leading, and controlling and evaluating. Although these activities occur
simultaneously, they are sequential with
planning being the first activity.
21. A nursing student is interviewing a community health nurse about the various roles the
nurse assumes and the skills and behaviors necessary to perform each role. Which of the
following would the community health nurse identify as being essential to the
role of an advocate? Select all that apply.
A) Assertiveness
B) Ability to plan
C) Ability to negotiate
D) Risk taking
E) Holistic view
F) Questioning attitude
Ans: A, C, D
Feedback:
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As an advocate, the community health nurse must be assertive, willing to take risks, be
able to communicate and negotiate well, and be able to identify resources and obtain results. The
ability to plan is associated with the manager role. A holistic view is critical to the community
health nurse acting as a clinician. A questioning attitude is necessary
for the role as a researcher.
22. A community health nurse works in a busy community health nursing practice. Today,
the nurse is devoting the day to the educator role. With which of the following activities would
the nurse be involved? Select all that apply.
A) Planning seven home visits today
B) Working on a new curriculum for high-risk
teens
C) Meeting with colleagues to discuss
organizational changes in the office
D) Ordering pamphlets over the Internet to be
used in a parenting class
E) Tabulating data from surveys distributed to
elders during a flu-shot clinic
F) Going to social services to speak up for a
family in his or her caseload
Ans: B, D
Feedback:
In the educator role, the nurse would work on a new curriculum for high-risk teens and
order pamphlets for use in a parenting class. Planning seven home visits would be part of the
clinician role. Meeting with colleagues to discuss organizational changes would be part of the
manager role. Tabulating data from surveys would be part of the researcher role. Speaking up for
a family in the nurse's caseload would be an example of the advocate
role.
23. A community health nurse is devoting the day to being a manager. Which activities
would the nurse expect to perform? Which of the following activities are part of this role?
Select all that apply.
A) Orienting three new community health nurses
in the agency
B) Attending a strategy meeting for a new
service the community will be offering
C) Working with a team to direct a smoking
cessation program in public areas
D) Investigating an outbreak of Salmonella in the
community
E) Tabulating the findings of exploring
immunization practices among teens
F) Reviewing the staff evaluations to assist with
planning future in-services
Ans: A, B, F
able to communicate and negotiate well, and be able to identify resources and obtain results. The
ability to plan is associated with the manager role. A holistic view is critical to the community
health nurse acting as a clinician. A questioning attitude is necessary
for the role as a researcher.
22. A community health nurse works in a busy community health nursing practice. Today,
the nurse is devoting the day to the educator role. With which of the following activities would
the nurse be involved? Select all that apply.
A) Planning seven home visits today
B) Working on a new curriculum for high-risk
teens
C) Meeting with colleagues to discuss
organizational changes in the office
D) Ordering pamphlets over the Internet to be
used in a parenting class
E) Tabulating data from surveys distributed to
elders during a flu-shot clinic
F) Going to social services to speak up for a
family in his or her caseload
Ans: B, D
Feedback:
In the educator role, the nurse would work on a new curriculum for high-risk teens and
order pamphlets for use in a parenting class. Planning seven home visits would be part of the
clinician role. Meeting with colleagues to discuss organizational changes would be part of the
manager role. Tabulating data from surveys would be part of the researcher role. Speaking up for
a family in the nurse's caseload would be an example of the advocate
role.
23. A community health nurse is devoting the day to being a manager. Which activities
would the nurse expect to perform? Which of the following activities are part of this role?
Select all that apply.
A) Orienting three new community health nurses
in the agency
B) Attending a strategy meeting for a new
service the community will be offering
C) Working with a team to direct a smoking
cessation program in public areas
D) Investigating an outbreak of Salmonella in the
community
E) Tabulating the findings of exploring
immunization practices among teens
F) Reviewing the staff evaluations to assist with
planning future in-services
Ans: A, B, F
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Feedback:
As a manager, a community health nurse would be involved in orienting new nurses in
the agency, attending meetings for new services to be offered, and reviewing staff evaluations.
Working with a team to direct a smoking cessation program in public areas exemplifies the
leadership role. Investigating an outbreak of Salmonella and tabulating the findings of
immunization practices depict the
researcher role.
24. Of all the nursing roles assumed by community health nurses, which role must be
assumed in every situation?
A) Researcher
B) Manager
C) Leader
D) Clinician
Ans: B
Feedback:
The type and number of roles that are practiced vary with each set of clients and each
specific situation, but the nurse should be able to successfully function in each of these roles as
the particular situation demands. The role of manager is one that the nurse must play in every
situation, because it involves assessing clients' needs, planning and organizing to meet those
needs, directing and leading clients to achieve results, and controlling and evaluating the
progress to ensure that the goals and clients' needs are
met.
25. Which of the following are core values of
professional behavior that are unique to public health nursing? Select all that apply.
A) Community/population as client
B) Prevention
C) Rehabilitation
D) Partnership
E) Healthy environment
F) Diversity
Ans: A, B, D, E, F
Feedback:
Core values of professional behavior emphasize community/population as client,
prevention, partnership, healthy environment, and diversity. Rehabilitation is not population
centered.
Chapter 3 History and Evolution of Public Health Nursing
1. A group of students are reviewing the various historical events associated with the
evolution of community health nursing in preparation for a test. They identify the time from
1970 to the present as the era known as community health nursing based on the understanding
that which of the following influences
As a manager, a community health nurse would be involved in orienting new nurses in
the agency, attending meetings for new services to be offered, and reviewing staff evaluations.
Working with a team to direct a smoking cessation program in public areas exemplifies the
leadership role. Investigating an outbreak of Salmonella and tabulating the findings of
immunization practices depict the
researcher role.
24. Of all the nursing roles assumed by community health nurses, which role must be
assumed in every situation?
A) Researcher
B) Manager
C) Leader
D) Clinician
Ans: B
Feedback:
The type and number of roles that are practiced vary with each set of clients and each
specific situation, but the nurse should be able to successfully function in each of these roles as
the particular situation demands. The role of manager is one that the nurse must play in every
situation, because it involves assessing clients' needs, planning and organizing to meet those
needs, directing and leading clients to achieve results, and controlling and evaluating the
progress to ensure that the goals and clients' needs are
met.
25. Which of the following are core values of
professional behavior that are unique to public health nursing? Select all that apply.
A) Community/population as client
B) Prevention
C) Rehabilitation
D) Partnership
E) Healthy environment
F) Diversity
Ans: A, B, D, E, F
Feedback:
Core values of professional behavior emphasize community/population as client,
prevention, partnership, healthy environment, and diversity. Rehabilitation is not population
centered.
Chapter 3 History and Evolution of Public Health Nursing
1. A group of students are reviewing the various historical events associated with the
evolution of community health nursing in preparation for a test. They identify the time from
1970 to the present as the era known as community health nursing based on the understanding
that which of the following influences
Loading page 22...
contributed most to this change?
A) The settings and the nurses delivering health
care in the community
B) Decisions made by the American Nurses
Association
C) Decisions made by physicians in a variety of
community settings
D) The demand to eliminate the word <public=
from health services
Ans: A
Feedback:
The numbers, increasing variety of settings, and many nurses coming to work in the
community settings since the 1970s have contributed most significantly to the change. As a
result, professional associations supported the broader term of community health nursing.
Physician decisions played no role in the change. The term public health
nursing still remains.
2. Before the mid-1800s, early home care nursing was best recognized by which of the
following?
A) Technical advances with the Industrial
Revolution making major changes
B) Care provided by family members, friends,
and religious groups in the home
C) Accomplishments stemming from the work of
Florence Nightingale
D) Formal organization of visiting nursing to
provide care to the sick poor
Ans: B
Feedback:
Before the mid-1800s, early home care was characterized by care of the sick in the home
by family members, friends, and religious groups. Technical advances came after 1850, as did
the work of Florence Nightingale and the formal organization of visiting nurses to
provide care to the sick poor.
3. Community health nursing has a long history of contributing to the health of populations.
Which of the following forms of service would the nurse identify as being most
recent?
A) Voluntary home nursing care for the sick poor
via district nursing
B) Care provided termed public health nursing
C) Lay and religious groups providing care to the
sick poor in their homes
D) Focus on populations with community health
nursing seen as a specialty field
Ans: D
A) The settings and the nurses delivering health
care in the community
B) Decisions made by the American Nurses
Association
C) Decisions made by physicians in a variety of
community settings
D) The demand to eliminate the word <public=
from health services
Ans: A
Feedback:
The numbers, increasing variety of settings, and many nurses coming to work in the
community settings since the 1970s have contributed most significantly to the change. As a
result, professional associations supported the broader term of community health nursing.
Physician decisions played no role in the change. The term public health
nursing still remains.
2. Before the mid-1800s, early home care nursing was best recognized by which of the
following?
A) Technical advances with the Industrial
Revolution making major changes
B) Care provided by family members, friends,
and religious groups in the home
C) Accomplishments stemming from the work of
Florence Nightingale
D) Formal organization of visiting nursing to
provide care to the sick poor
Ans: B
Feedback:
Before the mid-1800s, early home care was characterized by care of the sick in the home
by family members, friends, and religious groups. Technical advances came after 1850, as did
the work of Florence Nightingale and the formal organization of visiting nurses to
provide care to the sick poor.
3. Community health nursing has a long history of contributing to the health of populations.
Which of the following forms of service would the nurse identify as being most
recent?
A) Voluntary home nursing care for the sick poor
via district nursing
B) Care provided termed public health nursing
C) Lay and religious groups providing care to the
sick poor in their homes
D) Focus on populations with community health
nursing seen as a specialty field
Ans: D
Loading page 23...
Feedback:
The four stages of community health nursing followed from lay and religious groups
providing care in the early years before 1850, the more specialized <health nurses= or district
nursing after the mid-1800s, concern for the health of the general public from 1900s to 1970, and
finally community health nursing as a specialty with a focus on
populations since 1970.
4. Which factor was the most significant feature
associated with district nursing?
A) Caring for the sick
B) Teaching hygiene and cleanliness
C) Preventing illness
D) Gathering statistical data
Ans: B
Feedback:
Although district nurses primarily cared for the sick, they also taught cleanliness and
wholesome living to their clients. This early emphasis on prevention and health became one of
the distinguishing features of district nursing and later of public health nursing.
Preventing illness and gathering statistical data were key contributions of Florence Nightingale
during the Crimean War of the
early 1850s.
5. In their early stages, district nursing was
sponsored by which of the following?
A) Religious organizations
B) Private philanthropy
C) Contributions
D) Public funding
Ans: A
Feedback:
Early district nursing services were founded by religious organizations that served as
their sponsors. Later sponsorship shifted to private philanthropy. Funding came from
contributions and fees charged to clients on an ability-to-pay basis. Finally, visiting nursing
began to be supported by public money.
6. Which of the following would characterize the public health stage of community health
nursing?
A) Voluntary health agencies emphasizing
disease prevention
B) Family considered as the primary unit of care
C) Service provision to the sick poor population
D) Primary health care as the key to health for all
The four stages of community health nursing followed from lay and religious groups
providing care in the early years before 1850, the more specialized <health nurses= or district
nursing after the mid-1800s, concern for the health of the general public from 1900s to 1970, and
finally community health nursing as a specialty with a focus on
populations since 1970.
4. Which factor was the most significant feature
associated with district nursing?
A) Caring for the sick
B) Teaching hygiene and cleanliness
C) Preventing illness
D) Gathering statistical data
Ans: B
Feedback:
Although district nurses primarily cared for the sick, they also taught cleanliness and
wholesome living to their clients. This early emphasis on prevention and health became one of
the distinguishing features of district nursing and later of public health nursing.
Preventing illness and gathering statistical data were key contributions of Florence Nightingale
during the Crimean War of the
early 1850s.
5. In their early stages, district nursing was
sponsored by which of the following?
A) Religious organizations
B) Private philanthropy
C) Contributions
D) Public funding
Ans: A
Feedback:
Early district nursing services were founded by religious organizations that served as
their sponsors. Later sponsorship shifted to private philanthropy. Funding came from
contributions and fees charged to clients on an ability-to-pay basis. Finally, visiting nursing
began to be supported by public money.
6. Which of the following would characterize the public health stage of community health
nursing?
A) Voluntary health agencies emphasizing
disease prevention
B) Family considered as the primary unit of care
C) Service provision to the sick poor population
D) Primary health care as the key to health for all
Loading page 24...
Ans: B
Feedback:
The public health nursing stage was characterized by service to the public, with the
family targeted as a primary unit of care. Official health agencies, which placed a greater
emphasis on disease prevention and health promotion, provided the chief institutional base.
Primary health care as the key to health for all characterizes the
community health nursing stage.
7. At which time did the focus of district nursing broadened to include the health and
welfare of
the general public?
A) Beginning of 20th century
B) In the late 19th century
C) Prior to the 1850s
D) By the early 1970s
Ans: A
Feedback:
The focus of district nursing broadened to include the health and welfare of the general
public by the beginning of the 20th century or the early 1900s. In the late 19th century, district
nurses were ill-prepared to cope with their clients' multiple health and social problems resulting
from widespread immigration and filled tenement housing that led to inadequate sanitation,
unsafe and unhealthy working condition, and barriers adding to poverty and disease. District
nursing did not develop until after 1850. The
early 1970s is associated with the emergence of community health nursing.
8. A student is planning a presentation about the evolution of public health nursing. As part
of the presentation, the student would identify which person as being the first one to use the
term <public health nursing=?
A) Jessie Sleet
B) Lillian Wald
C) Lina Rogers
D) Margaret Sanger
Ans: B
Feedback:
Lillian Wald, a leading figure in the expansion of district nursing, was the first to use the
term <public health nursing= to describe the specialty. Jessie Sleet was credited as being the first
Black public health nurse. Lina Rogers was credited with being the first school nurse. Margaret
Sanger was the nurse who opened the first birth control clinic in America that eventually resulted
in the formation of the International Planned
Parenthood Federation.
Feedback:
The public health nursing stage was characterized by service to the public, with the
family targeted as a primary unit of care. Official health agencies, which placed a greater
emphasis on disease prevention and health promotion, provided the chief institutional base.
Primary health care as the key to health for all characterizes the
community health nursing stage.
7. At which time did the focus of district nursing broadened to include the health and
welfare of
the general public?
A) Beginning of 20th century
B) In the late 19th century
C) Prior to the 1850s
D) By the early 1970s
Ans: A
Feedback:
The focus of district nursing broadened to include the health and welfare of the general
public by the beginning of the 20th century or the early 1900s. In the late 19th century, district
nurses were ill-prepared to cope with their clients' multiple health and social problems resulting
from widespread immigration and filled tenement housing that led to inadequate sanitation,
unsafe and unhealthy working condition, and barriers adding to poverty and disease. District
nursing did not develop until after 1850. The
early 1970s is associated with the emergence of community health nursing.
8. A student is planning a presentation about the evolution of public health nursing. As part
of the presentation, the student would identify which person as being the first one to use the
term <public health nursing=?
A) Jessie Sleet
B) Lillian Wald
C) Lina Rogers
D) Margaret Sanger
Ans: B
Feedback:
Lillian Wald, a leading figure in the expansion of district nursing, was the first to use the
term <public health nursing= to describe the specialty. Jessie Sleet was credited as being the first
Black public health nurse. Lina Rogers was credited with being the first school nurse. Margaret
Sanger was the nurse who opened the first birth control clinic in America that eventually resulted
in the formation of the International Planned
Parenthood Federation.
Loading page 25...
9. Which of the following are important contributions made by Lillian Wald to the
profession of public health nursing? Select all
that apply.
A) Demonstrating the effectiveness of placing school nurses in public schools to reduce
absenteeism and improve follow-up of
problems identified in school children
B) Promoting the use of birth control
C) Convincing the Metropolitan Life Company that nurse intervention could reduce death
rates
D) Providing rural <frontier nursing= to serve
mountain families in Kentucky
E) Founding the National Organization for
Public Health Nursing (NOPHN)
Ans: A, C, E
Feedback:
Lillian Wald contributed to the profession of public health nursing by demonstrating the
effectiveness of placing school nurses in public schools to reduce absenteeism and improve
follow-up of problems identified in school children, convincing the Metropolitan Life Company
that nurse intervention could reduce death rates, and Founding the National Organization for
Public Health Nursing
(NOPHN).
10. After a class discussion about the contributions of Lillian Wald to the advancement of
community health nursing, which of the following if stated by the class
indicates that the discussion was effective?
A) Establishment of family-centered nursing and outreach services in New York City at the
turn
of the 20th century
B) Use of clean and safe nursing care practices to
soldiers during the Crimean War in the 1850s
C) Assistance to high-risk populations experiencing tropical diseases in Central
America and the Caribbean in the late 1800s
D) Creation of home nursing services in London, marking the beginning of district nursing
in
the 1860s
Ans: A
Feedback:
Lillian Wald worked with immigrant families in the Lower East Side of New York City,
providing home visits, a neighborhood center, and general sanitation improvement for families
profession of public health nursing? Select all
that apply.
A) Demonstrating the effectiveness of placing school nurses in public schools to reduce
absenteeism and improve follow-up of
problems identified in school children
B) Promoting the use of birth control
C) Convincing the Metropolitan Life Company that nurse intervention could reduce death
rates
D) Providing rural <frontier nursing= to serve
mountain families in Kentucky
E) Founding the National Organization for
Public Health Nursing (NOPHN)
Ans: A, C, E
Feedback:
Lillian Wald contributed to the profession of public health nursing by demonstrating the
effectiveness of placing school nurses in public schools to reduce absenteeism and improve
follow-up of problems identified in school children, convincing the Metropolitan Life Company
that nurse intervention could reduce death rates, and Founding the National Organization for
Public Health Nursing
(NOPHN).
10. After a class discussion about the contributions of Lillian Wald to the advancement of
community health nursing, which of the following if stated by the class
indicates that the discussion was effective?
A) Establishment of family-centered nursing and outreach services in New York City at the
turn
of the 20th century
B) Use of clean and safe nursing care practices to
soldiers during the Crimean War in the 1850s
C) Assistance to high-risk populations experiencing tropical diseases in Central
America and the Caribbean in the late 1800s
D) Creation of home nursing services in London, marking the beginning of district nursing
in
the 1860s
Ans: A
Feedback:
Lillian Wald worked with immigrant families in the Lower East Side of New York City,
providing home visits, a neighborhood center, and general sanitation improvement for families
Loading page 26...
and health care services to children in schools. Florence Nightingale was responsible for
providing clean and safe nursing care practices to soldiers during the Crimean War. Mary
Seacole helped high-risk populations who experienced tropical diseases in Central America and
the Caribbean. William Rathbone was responsible for establishing a
visiting nurse service for the sick in London.
11. A group of nursing students are studying for an examination on influential nursing
leaders involved in the advancement of community health nursing. The students demonstrate that
they are prepared for the examination when they identify which person as the first
community health nurse in the United States?
A) Frances Root
B) Mary Robinson
C) Mary Seacole
D) Reba Thelin
Ans: A
Feedback:
In the United States, Frances Root was the first community health nurse who was hired
by the Women's Branch of the New York Mission in 1877. Mary Robinson was the nurse who
cared for William Rathbone's wife and was hired by Rathbone to visit the sick poor in their
homes in England. Mary Seacole, the <Black Nightingale,= practiced Creole or Afro-Caribbean
medicine in Jamaica and helped populations who experienced tropical diseases in Central
America, Panama, and the Caribbean. Reba Thelin was a nurse hired by Johns Hopkins
Hospital to visit the homes of tuberculosis clients in 1903.
12. Which of the following nurses openly defied a law that she saw as unjust and eventually
resulted in the formation of The International
Planned Parenthood Federation?
A) Lillian Wald
B) Florence Nightingale
C) Margaret Sanger
D) Mary Brewster
Ans: C
Feedback:
Margaret Sanger openly defied a law that she saw as unjust (the Comstock Act that
prohibited the provision of any information on contraception to women). This defiance
eventually resulted in the formation of The International Planned Parenthood Federation. During
the same period that Lillian Wald and her contemporaries were working to alleviate the suffering
caused by disease and poverty, Margaret Sanger began a different battle.
providing clean and safe nursing care practices to soldiers during the Crimean War. Mary
Seacole helped high-risk populations who experienced tropical diseases in Central America and
the Caribbean. William Rathbone was responsible for establishing a
visiting nurse service for the sick in London.
11. A group of nursing students are studying for an examination on influential nursing
leaders involved in the advancement of community health nursing. The students demonstrate that
they are prepared for the examination when they identify which person as the first
community health nurse in the United States?
A) Frances Root
B) Mary Robinson
C) Mary Seacole
D) Reba Thelin
Ans: A
Feedback:
In the United States, Frances Root was the first community health nurse who was hired
by the Women's Branch of the New York Mission in 1877. Mary Robinson was the nurse who
cared for William Rathbone's wife and was hired by Rathbone to visit the sick poor in their
homes in England. Mary Seacole, the <Black Nightingale,= practiced Creole or Afro-Caribbean
medicine in Jamaica and helped populations who experienced tropical diseases in Central
America, Panama, and the Caribbean. Reba Thelin was a nurse hired by Johns Hopkins
Hospital to visit the homes of tuberculosis clients in 1903.
12. Which of the following nurses openly defied a law that she saw as unjust and eventually
resulted in the formation of The International
Planned Parenthood Federation?
A) Lillian Wald
B) Florence Nightingale
C) Margaret Sanger
D) Mary Brewster
Ans: C
Feedback:
Margaret Sanger openly defied a law that she saw as unjust (the Comstock Act that
prohibited the provision of any information on contraception to women). This defiance
eventually resulted in the formation of The International Planned Parenthood Federation. During
the same period that Lillian Wald and her contemporaries were working to alleviate the suffering
caused by disease and poverty, Margaret Sanger began a different battle.
Loading page 27...
Florence Nightingale wrote a series of papers on the need for <home missioners= and <health
visitors= and endorsed the view that prevention was better than cure. Mary Brewster was a nurse
and a friend of Lillian Wald who both together started the Henry
Street Settlement.
13. The community health nurse is preparing a presentation for a group of nursing students
about the societal influences on the development of community health nursing. Which factors
should the nurse include that have influenced the growth of community
health nursing? Select all that apply.
A) Advances in the technology
B) The recognition that one single agent could be
considered a cause of illness
C) Access to education being limited to the
privileged few
D) Continued increase in the number of women entering nursing because it is recognized as
a
choice career for women and not men
E) Consumer demand for quality services
coupled with community health nurses provision of holistic care
Ans: A, E
Feedback:
Many factors have influenced the growth of community health nursing, including
advances in technology, progress in causal thinking (relating disease or illness to its cause and
recognition that many factors might contribute to a disease or health disorder), and the consumer
movement with consumers demanding quality services. Education is now widely available and is
considered a basic right and necessity for a vital society.
Changing demographics and the role of women have influenced community health nursing;
however, the number of women
entering nursing has decreased.
14. Which of the following actions by the community health nurse exemplifies the societal
influence of causality on the practice
of community health nursing?
A) Using computer-based education programs
for client education
visitors= and endorsed the view that prevention was better than cure. Mary Brewster was a nurse
and a friend of Lillian Wald who both together started the Henry
Street Settlement.
13. The community health nurse is preparing a presentation for a group of nursing students
about the societal influences on the development of community health nursing. Which factors
should the nurse include that have influenced the growth of community
health nursing? Select all that apply.
A) Advances in the technology
B) The recognition that one single agent could be
considered a cause of illness
C) Access to education being limited to the
privileged few
D) Continued increase in the number of women entering nursing because it is recognized as
a
choice career for women and not men
E) Consumer demand for quality services
coupled with community health nurses provision of holistic care
Ans: A, E
Feedback:
Many factors have influenced the growth of community health nursing, including
advances in technology, progress in causal thinking (relating disease or illness to its cause and
recognition that many factors might contribute to a disease or health disorder), and the consumer
movement with consumers demanding quality services. Education is now widely available and is
considered a basic right and necessity for a vital society.
Changing demographics and the role of women have influenced community health nursing;
however, the number of women
entering nursing has decreased.
14. Which of the following actions by the community health nurse exemplifies the societal
influence of causality on the practice
of community health nursing?
A) Using computer-based education programs
for client education
Loading page 28...
B) Engaging in video conferencing to share
research findings
C) Identifying multiple factors associated with
promoting wellness
D) Developing a plan to address the rapid
increase in older adult population
Ans: C
Feedback:
Causal thinking relates disease or illness to its cause and includes areas such as
epidemiology; interactions among an agent, host, and environment; and recognition of multiple
factors contributing to a disease, health disorder, or wellness. Using computer- based education
programs and engaging in video conferencing are examples reflecting the advancement of
technology. Developing a plan to address the rapid increase in the older adult population
involves application of the change in demographics affecting community
health nursing.
15. A community health nurse who is teaching a group of nursing students about the various
societal influences on community health nursing is explaining the effects of the consumer
movement. Which of the following student responses would lead the community health nurse to
determine that the teaching
was successful?
A) Individuals are considered passive members
of the health care team.
B) Consumers are demanding more coordinated
comprehensive care.
C) People are expecting community health
nurses to develop new programs.
D) Consumers are identifying a greater need for
care by a variety of care providers.
Ans: B
Feedback:
The consumer movement has led to changes in community health nursing. Consumers are
demanding more humane, personalized health care, seeking more comprehensive coordinated
care. They are viewed as active members of the health care team. The need to develop new
programs is a response to the economic forces that have affected the practice of community
health nursing.
Consumers desire more coordinated care, not
care from a variety of care providers.
research findings
C) Identifying multiple factors associated with
promoting wellness
D) Developing a plan to address the rapid
increase in older adult population
Ans: C
Feedback:
Causal thinking relates disease or illness to its cause and includes areas such as
epidemiology; interactions among an agent, host, and environment; and recognition of multiple
factors contributing to a disease, health disorder, or wellness. Using computer- based education
programs and engaging in video conferencing are examples reflecting the advancement of
technology. Developing a plan to address the rapid increase in the older adult population
involves application of the change in demographics affecting community
health nursing.
15. A community health nurse who is teaching a group of nursing students about the various
societal influences on community health nursing is explaining the effects of the consumer
movement. Which of the following student responses would lead the community health nurse to
determine that the teaching
was successful?
A) Individuals are considered passive members
of the health care team.
B) Consumers are demanding more coordinated
comprehensive care.
C) People are expecting community health
nurses to develop new programs.
D) Consumers are identifying a greater need for
care by a variety of care providers.
Ans: B
Feedback:
The consumer movement has led to changes in community health nursing. Consumers are
demanding more humane, personalized health care, seeking more comprehensive coordinated
care. They are viewed as active members of the health care team. The need to develop new
programs is a response to the economic forces that have affected the practice of community
health nursing.
Consumers desire more coordinated care, not
care from a variety of care providers.
Loading page 29...
16. Which of the following most accurately reflects the response of community health
nursing to economic forces?
A) Decreased competition with other community
health service providers
B) Reduction in available programs and services
C) Development of new services for generating
revenue
D) Switch to a more illness-oriented philosophy
for service
Ans: C
Feedback:
Economic forces have led community health nursing to respond by developing new
revenue-generating services to augment depleted budgets. Other responses include directly
competing with other community health service providers and developing new programs and
service emphases. Although some public health agencies have been drawn into more illness-
oriented services, community health nursing continues to be resourceful in finding ways to foster
the
community's optimal health.
17. A prospective nursing student is interested in working in community health nursing after
graduation. Which type of education would be
most appropriate for this student to choose?
A) Diploma program
B) Associate degree
C) Baccalaureate degree
D) Graduate degree
Ans: C
Feedback:
Community health nursing is a challenging specialty in nursing. The demands of this type
of nursing require additional courses in liberal arts and science, along with courses in community
health nursing practice as a student. The minimum preparation for community health nurses in
many states is a baccalaureate degree. The diploma and associate degree level prepares students
for basic nursing practice. Students can build on this basic knowledge by entering a BSN
completion program, which will prepare them to enter the specialty of community health
nursing. In order to stay current and to build skills in this specialty, advanced courses or a
graduate (masters) degree is needed.
nursing to economic forces?
A) Decreased competition with other community
health service providers
B) Reduction in available programs and services
C) Development of new services for generating
revenue
D) Switch to a more illness-oriented philosophy
for service
Ans: C
Feedback:
Economic forces have led community health nursing to respond by developing new
revenue-generating services to augment depleted budgets. Other responses include directly
competing with other community health service providers and developing new programs and
service emphases. Although some public health agencies have been drawn into more illness-
oriented services, community health nursing continues to be resourceful in finding ways to foster
the
community's optimal health.
17. A prospective nursing student is interested in working in community health nursing after
graduation. Which type of education would be
most appropriate for this student to choose?
A) Diploma program
B) Associate degree
C) Baccalaureate degree
D) Graduate degree
Ans: C
Feedback:
Community health nursing is a challenging specialty in nursing. The demands of this type
of nursing require additional courses in liberal arts and science, along with courses in community
health nursing practice as a student. The minimum preparation for community health nurses in
many states is a baccalaureate degree. The diploma and associate degree level prepares students
for basic nursing practice. Students can build on this basic knowledge by entering a BSN
completion program, which will prepare them to enter the specialty of community health
nursing. In order to stay current and to build skills in this specialty, advanced courses or a
graduate (masters) degree is needed.
Loading page 30...
18. A community health nurse desires to attain a tenure-track position at a local university to
teach community health nursing. Which of the
following would this nurse need?
A) Certification
B) Master's degree
C) Doctoral degree
D) Nurse practitioner license
Ans: C
Feedback:
A doctoral degree would be the required education needed to obtain a tenure-track
teaching position at a university. Certification provides additional education for specialization
and may result in a promotion or higher salary accompanied by additional responsibilities and
opportunities. A master's degree can lead to management positions, private community health
ownership, agency teaching, or research positions. Nurse practitioners can run well-child clinics
and direct a school-based clinic if a school nurse. Advanced practice can open doors into
leadership positions in community health
nursing.
Chapter 4 Evidence-Based Practice and Ethics in Community/Public Health
1. A nursing instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a class comparing evidence-based
practice and critical thinking. Which of the
following would the instructor include?
A) Evidence-based practice and critical thinking
are polar opposites.
B) Both involve problem clarification of central
concepts.
C) Interpretation of accumulated evidence is
unique to evidence-based practice.
D) Problem exploration is unique to evidence-
based practice.
Ans: B
Feedback:
Evidence-based practice and critical thinking share commonalities including exploring a
problem, addressing a purpose or goal, making assumptions, clarifying the problem around
central concepts or indicators, accessing data, interpreting accumulated evidence, using
reasoning, processing, defining, planning and documenting, acting on the problem, and
evaluating, adjusting, generalizing, and applying to a broader problem set. In addition, critical
thinking is an important component of evidence-based
practice.
2. According to the Institute of Medicine's landmark report, The Future of Nursing,
nurses should: Select all that apply.
teach community health nursing. Which of the
following would this nurse need?
A) Certification
B) Master's degree
C) Doctoral degree
D) Nurse practitioner license
Ans: C
Feedback:
A doctoral degree would be the required education needed to obtain a tenure-track
teaching position at a university. Certification provides additional education for specialization
and may result in a promotion or higher salary accompanied by additional responsibilities and
opportunities. A master's degree can lead to management positions, private community health
ownership, agency teaching, or research positions. Nurse practitioners can run well-child clinics
and direct a school-based clinic if a school nurse. Advanced practice can open doors into
leadership positions in community health
nursing.
Chapter 4 Evidence-Based Practice and Ethics in Community/Public Health
1. A nursing instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a class comparing evidence-based
practice and critical thinking. Which of the
following would the instructor include?
A) Evidence-based practice and critical thinking
are polar opposites.
B) Both involve problem clarification of central
concepts.
C) Interpretation of accumulated evidence is
unique to evidence-based practice.
D) Problem exploration is unique to evidence-
based practice.
Ans: B
Feedback:
Evidence-based practice and critical thinking share commonalities including exploring a
problem, addressing a purpose or goal, making assumptions, clarifying the problem around
central concepts or indicators, accessing data, interpreting accumulated evidence, using
reasoning, processing, defining, planning and documenting, acting on the problem, and
evaluating, adjusting, generalizing, and applying to a broader problem set. In addition, critical
thinking is an important component of evidence-based
practice.
2. According to the Institute of Medicine's landmark report, The Future of Nursing,
nurses should: Select all that apply.
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Subject
Nursing