Test Bank For Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 7th Edition

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ExamName___________________________________MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.Determine whether the data set is a population or a sample.1)The age of every fourth person entering a department storeA)sampleB)populationAnswer:A2)The age of each employee at a local grocery storeA)sampleB)populationAnswer:BSHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.Identify the population and the sample.3)A survey of1212American households found that52% of the households own a computer.Answer:population: collection of all American households; sample: collection of1212American householdssurveyed4)When1348American households were surveyed, it was found that57% of them owned two cars.Answer:population: collection of all American households; sample: collection of1348American householdssurveyed5)A survey of 2625 elementary school children found that 28% of the children could be classified as obese.Answer:population: elementary school children; sample: collection of 2625 elementary school children surveyed.MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.Use the Venn diagram to identify the population and the sample.6)A)Population: Magazine subscribers; Sample; Magazine subscribers who renew their subscriptionB)Population: Magazine subscribers who renew their subscription; Sample: Magazine subscribersAnswer:A1

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SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.Determine whether the numerical value is a parameter or a statistic. Explain your reasoning.7)A recent survey by the alumni of a major university indicated that the average salary of10,500of its200,000graduates was $130,000.Answer:It describes a statistic because the number $130,000is based on a subset of the population.8)The average salary of all assembly-line employees at a certain car manufacturer is $44,000.Answer:It describes a parameter because the $44,000is based on all the workers at the car manufacturer.9)A survey of1040students was taken from a university with19,000students.Answer:It describes a statistic because the number1040is based on a subset of the population.MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.Identify whether the statement describes inferential statistics or descriptive statistics.10)The average age of the students in a statistics class is20years.A)descriptive statisticsB)inferential statisticsAnswer:A11)The chances of winning the California Lottery are one chance in twenty-two million.A)descriptive statisticsB)inferential statisticsAnswer:B12)There is a relationship between smoking cigarettes and getting emphysema.A)inferential statisticsB)descriptive statisticsAnswer:A13)From past figures, it is predicted that31% of the registered voters in California will vote in the June primary.A)descriptive statisticsB)inferential statisticsAnswer:B14)Based on previous clients, a marriage counselor concludes that the majority of marriages that begin withcohabitation before marriage will result in divorce.A)descriptive statisticsB)inferential statisticsAnswer:BSHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.Provide an appropriate response.15)Explain the difference between a sample and a population.Answer:A population is the collection ofalloutcomes, responses, measurements, or counts that are of interest.. Asample is a subset of a population.16)If you had to do a statistical study, would you use a sample or a population? Why?Answer:A sample would be used. It is usually impractical to obtain all the population data.2

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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.Determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative.17)the colors of automobiles on a used car lotA)qualitativeB)quantitativeAnswer:A18)the number of complaint letters received by the United States Postal Service in a given dayA)qualitativeB)quantitativeAnswer:B19)the number of seats in a movie theaterA)qualitativeB)quantitativeAnswer:B20)the numbers on the shirts of a girl's soccer teamA)qualitativeB)quantitativeAnswer:AIdentify the data set's level of measurement.21)hair color of women on a high school tennis teamA)ordinalB)intervalC)ratioD)nominalAnswer:D22)numbers on the shirts of a girl's soccer teamA)ordinalB)nominalC)intervalD)ratioAnswer:B23)ages of students in a statistic classA)nominalB)ordinalC)ratioD)intervalAnswer:C24)temperatures of26selected refrigeratorsA)ordinalB)ratioC)intervalD)nominalAnswer:C25)number of milligrams of tar in30cigarettesA)ordinalB)ratioC)nominalD)intervalAnswer:B26)number of pages in your statistics bookA)intervalB)nominalC)ordinalD)ratioAnswer:D27)marriage status (married, single, or divorced) of the faculty at the University of ColoradoA)ordinalB)ratioC)nominalD)intervalAnswer:C3

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28)list of1240social security numbersA)ordinalB)nominalC)intervalD)ratioAnswer:B29)the ratings of a movie ranging from "poor" to "good" to "excellent"A)nominalB)intervalC)ratioD)ordinalAnswer:D30)the final grades (A, B, C, D, and F) for students in a statistics classA)ordinalB)intervalC)nominalD)ratioAnswer:A31)the annual salaries for all teachers in CaliforniaA)ordinalB)intervalC)ratioD)nominalAnswer:C32)list of zip codes for ChicagoA)intervalB)ratioC)ordinalD)nominalAnswer:D33)the nationalities listed in a recent survey (for example, Asian, European, or Hispanic).A)ordinalB)intervalC)nominalD)ratioAnswer:C34)the amounts of fat (in grams) in37cookiesA)intervalB)nominalC)ratioD)ordinalAnswer:C35)the years the summer Olympics were held in the United StatesA)ordinalB)ratioC)nominalD)intervalAnswer:D36)numbers of touchdowns scored by a major university in five randomly selected games53134A)nominalB)ratioC)ordinalD)intervalAnswer:B37)the average daily temperatures (in degrees Fahrenheit) on five randomly selected days2123213027A)ordinalB)nominalC)ratioD)intervalAnswer:D38)manuscripts rated "acceptable" or "unacceptable"A)ordinalB)ratioC)intervalD)nominalAnswer:A4

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39)the lengths (in minutes) of the top ten movies with respect to ticket sales in 2007A)nominalB)intervalC)ratioD)ordinalAnswer:C40)the data listed on the horizontal axis in the graphA)ordinalB)nominalC)ratioD)intervalAnswer:B41)the data listed on the horizontal axis in the graphA)ordinalB)ratioC)intervalD)nominalAnswer:BSHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.Provide an appropriate response.42)Explain the differences between the interval and ratio levels of measurement.Answer:Data at the ratio level are similar to data at the interval level, but with the added property that a zeroentry is an inherent zero (implies "none"). Also, for data at the ratio level a ratio of two data values can beformed so that one data value can be expressed as a multiple of another.5

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43)Explain why data expressed with the Celsius temperature scale is at the interval level of measurement ratherthan the ratio level.Answer:Such data is at the interval level rather than the ratio level because the temperature of 0°C does notrepresent a condition where no heat is present, so it is not an inherent zero as required by the ratio level.Also, ratios of two temperatures cannot be formed so that one data value is expressed as a multiple of theother. The temperature 2°C is not twice as warm as 1°C.MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.Determine whether the study is an observational study or an experiment.44)A medical researcher obtains a sample of adults suffering from diabetes. She randomly assigns89people to atreatment group and89to a placebo group. The treatment group receives a medication over a period of threemonths and the placebo group receives a placebo over the same time frame. At the end of three months thepatients' symptoms are evaluated.A)experimentB)observational studyAnswer:A45)A poll is conducted in which professional musicians are asked their ages.A)observational studyB)experimentAnswer:A46)A pollster obtains a sample of students and asks them how they will vote on an upcoming referendum.A)observational studyB)experimentAnswer:A47)The personnel director at a large company would like to determine whether the company cafeteria is widelyused by employees. She calls each employee and asks them whether they usually bring their own lunch, eat atthe company cafeteria, or go out for lunch.A)observational studyB)experimentAnswer:A48)A scientist was studying the effects of a new fertilizer on crop yield. She randomly assigned half of the plots ona farm to group one and the remaining plots to group two. On the plots in group one, the new fertilizer wasused for a year. On the plots in group two, the old fertilizer was used. At the end of the year the average cropyield for the plots in group one was compared with the average crop yield for the plots in group two.A)observational studyB)experimentAnswer:B49)A researcher obtained a random sample of 100 smokers and a random sample of 100 nonsmokers. Afterinterviewing all 200 participants in the study, the researcher compared the rate of depression among thesmokers with the rate of depression among nonsmokers.A)experimentB)observational studyAnswer:B6

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SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.Identify the experimental units and treatments used in the experiment.50)A medical researcher center wants to test the effectiveness of a new diabetes medication. The companyidentifies98adults suffering from a similar form of diabetes. The subjects are randomly assigned to two groups.One group is given a medication and the other is given a placebo that looks exactly like the medication. Afterthree months, the subjects' symptoms are studied and compared.Answer:The experimental units are the98adults in the study. The treatment is the new diabetes medication.Provide an appropriate response.51)Explain what bias there is in a study done entirely online.Answer:The study may be biased because it is limited to people with computers.52)A report sponsored by the California Citrus Commission stated that cholesterol levels can be lowered bydrinking at least one glass of a citrus product each day. Determine if the report is biased.Answer:A report sponsored by the citrus industry is much more likely to reach conclusions favorable to theindustry.53)A local newspaper ran a survey by asking, "Do you support the deployment of a weapon that could kill millionsof innocent people?" Determine whether the survey question is biased.Answer:The wording of the question is biased, as it tends to encourage negative responses.MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.Identify the sampling technique used.54)Thirty-five sophomores,30juniors and33seniors are randomly selected from281sophomores,242juniors and529seniors at a certain high school.A)stratifiedB)randomC)systematicD)convenienceE)clusterAnswer:A55)Every fifth person boarding a plane is searched thoroughly.A)stratifiedB)clusterC)systematicD)convenienceE)randomAnswer:C56)At a local community college, five statistics classes are randomly selected out of 20 and all of the students fromeach class are interviewed.A)stratifiedB)convenienceC)systematicD)clusterE)randomAnswer:D57)A researcher randomly selects and interviews fifty male and fifty female teachers.A)stratifiedB)systematicC)clusterD)convenienceE)randomAnswer:A58)A researcher for an airline interviews all of the passengers on five randomly selected flights.A)clusterB)stratifiedC)systematicD)randomE)convenienceAnswer:A59)A community college student interviews everyone in a particular statistics class to determine the percentage ofstudents that own a car.A)stratifiedB)clusterC)randomD)systematicE)convenienceAnswer:E7

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60)Based on12,500responses from36,500questionnaires sent to its alumni, a major university estimated that theannual salary of its alumni was $116,000per year.A)convenienceB)randomC)stratifiedD)systematicE)clusterAnswer:B61)In a recent television survey, participants were asked to answer "yes" or "no" to the question "Are you in favor ofthe death penalty?" Six thousand five hundred responded "yes" while4700 responded "no". There was afifty-cent charge for the call.A)clusterB)stratifiedC)systematicD)convenienceE)randomAnswer:D62)A lobbyist for a major airspace firm assigns a number to each legislator and then uses a computer to randomlygenerate ten numbers. The lobbyist contacts the legislators corresponding to these numbers.A)clusterB)convenienceC)stratifiedD)randomE)systematicAnswer:D63)To ensure customer satisfaction, every20th phone call received by customer service will be monitored.A)clusterB)stratifiedC)convenienceD)randomE)systematicAnswer:E64)A market researcher randomly selects400 drivers under45years of age and100 drivers over45years of age.A)systematicB)clusterC)stratifiedD)randomE)convenienceAnswer:C65)To avoid working late, the quality control manager inspects the last60 items produced that day.A)stratifiedB)convenienceC)clusterD)randomE)systematicAnswer:B66)The names of70 contestants are written on70 cards. The cards are placed in a bag, and three names are pickedfrom the bag.A)clusterB)stratifiedC)convenienceD)randomE)systematicAnswer:D67)A researcher randomly selected70of the nation's middle schools and interviewed all of the teachers at eachschool.A)stratifiedB)convenienceC)clusterD)systematicE)randomAnswer:CSHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.Provide an appropriate response.68)After a hurricane, a disaster area is divided into 200 equal grids. Thirty of the grids are selected and every occupiedhousehold in the grid is interviewed to help focus relief efforts. Select the numbers of the first five grids that belong tothe cluster sample.1634876938901695139255887710150920979157Answer:163, 169, 15, 92, 978

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69)There are 750 incoming freshmen attending a university this fall. A researcher wishes to send questionnaires to a sampleof 30 of them to complete regarding their drinking habits. Select the numbers of the first five freshmen who belong tothe simple random sample.1634876938901695139255887710150920979157Answer:163, 487, 693, 169, 51370)A college employs 85 faculty members. Without replacement, select the numbers of the five members who will serve onthe tenure committee next year.1634876938901695139255887710150920979157Answer:16, 34, 69, 38, 1371)Of the 5000 outpatients released from a local hospital in the past year, one hundred were contacted and asked theiropinion on the care they received. Select the first five patients who belong to the simple random sample.1634876938901695139255887710150920979157Answer:1634, 3890, 1695, 1392, 1509MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.Determine whether you would take a census or use a sampling. If you would use a sampling, decide what samplingtechnique you would use.72)The average age of the 80 residents of an assisted living center.A)cluster samplingB)stratified samplingC)censusD)random samplingAnswer:CSHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.Provide an appropriate response.73)Explain the differences between cluster sampling and stratified sampling.Answer:In stratified sampling, members of the population are divided into two or more subsets, or strata, thatshare a similar characteristic. A sample is then randomly selected from each of the strata. A stratifiedsample has members from each segment of the population. In cluster sampling, the population is dividedinto naturally occurring subgroups, each having similar characteristics. All of the members in one ormore (but not all) of the clusters are then selected. In a cluster sample, care must be taken to ensure thatall clusters have similar characteristics.74)Explain the difference between a census and a sampling and describe the advantages and disadvantages ofeach.Answer:A census is a count or measure of an entire population, while a sampling is a count or measure of part ofa population. A census provides complete information but is often expensive, difficult, and timeconsuming to perform especially if the population is large. A sampling is less expensive and timeconsuming, however appropriate sampling techniques must be used to ensure that unbiased data arecollected and that the sample is representative of the population. Even with the best sampling methods,sampling error can occur.9

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ExamName___________________________________MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.Use the given frequency distribution to find the(a) class width.(b) class midpoints of the first class.(c) class boundaries of the first class.1)Height (in inches)ClassFrequency, f50-52553-55856-581259-611362-6411A)(a) 3(b) 51(c) 49.5-52.5B)(a) 3(b) 51(c) 50-52C)(a) 2(b) 51.5(c) 50-52D)(a) 2(b) 51.5(c) 49.5-52.5Answer:A2)Phone Calls (per day)ClassFrequency, f8-111812-152316-193820-234724-2732A)(a) 4(b) 9.5(c) 7.5-11.5B)(a) 4(b) 10.5(c) 8-11C)(a) 3(b) 9.5(c) 7.5-11.5D)(a) 3(b) 10.5(c) 8-11Answer:A3)Weight (in pounds)ClassFrequency, f135-1396140-1444145-14911150-15415155-1598A)(a) 5(b) 137(c) 134.5-139.5B)(a) 4(b) 137.5(c) 134.5-139.5C)(a) 5(b) 137(c) 135-139D)(a) 4(b) 137.5(c) 135-139Answer:A1

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4)Miles (per day)ClassFrequency, f1-293-4225-6287-8159-104A)(a) 2(b) 1(c) 1-2B)(a) 2(b) 1.5(c) 0.5-2.5C)(a) 1(b) 1(c) 1-2D)(a) 1(b) 1.5(c) 0.5-2.5Answer:BSHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.Use the maximum and minimum data entries and the number of classes to find the class width, the lower class limits, andthe upper class limits.5)min=1, max=30, 6 classesAnswer:Class width=5, Lower class limits: 1, 6, 11, 16, 21, 26; Upper class limits: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 306)min=80, max=265, 6 classesAnswer:Class width=31, Lower class limits: 80, 111, 142, 173, 204, 235; Upper class limits: 110, 141, 172, 203, 234,265MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.Provide an appropriate response.7)Use the ogive below to approximate the number in the sample.A)28B)100C)80D)341Answer:C2

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8)Use the ogive below to approximate the cumulative frequency for 24 hours.A)17B)75C)27D)63Answer:DSHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.Use the relative frequency histogram toa) identify the class with the greatest, and the class with the least, relative frequency.b) approximate the greatest and least relative frequencies.c) approximate the relative frequency of the fifth class.9)Answer:a) Class with greatest relative frequency: 105-115 mm HgClass with least relative frequency: 145-155 mm Hgb) Greatest relative frequencyY0.35Least relative frequencyY0.03c) Approximately 0.083

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Use the given frequency distribution to construct a frequency histogram, a relative frequency histogram and a frequencypolygon.10)Height (in inches)ClassFrequency, f50-52553-55856-581259-611362-6411Answer:4

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11)Weight (in pounds)ClassFrequency, f135-1396140-1444145-14911150-15415155-1598Answer:5

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Use the given frequency distribution to construct a cumulative frequency distribution and an ogive.12)Phone Calls (per day)ClassFrequency, f8-111812-152316-193820-234724-2732Answer:Phone Calls (per day)ClassFrequency, fCumulative frequency8-11181812-15234116-19387920-234712624-27321586

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