The Official LSAT PrepTest 90: (June 2020 LSAT) (2020)

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THE OFFICIAL LSAT
PREPTEST
• PrepTest 90
• Form FL0A08
90
MAY 2020
A Publication of the Law School Admission Council,
The Producers of the LSAT ®
®

2
© 2020 by Law School Admission Council, Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this work, including information, data, or other portions of the work published in
electronic form, may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission of the publisher.
For information, write: Communications, Law School Admission Council, 662 Penn Street, Box 40, Newtown, PA,
18940-0040.
LSAT is a registered trademark of the Law School Admission Council, Inc.
All actual LSAT questions printed within this work are used with the permission of Law School Admission Council,
Inc., Box 2000, Newtown, PA 18940, the copyright owner. LSAC does not review or endorse specific test preparation
materials or services, and inclusion of licensed LSAT questions within this work does not imply the review or
endorsement of LSAC.

SECTION I
Time—35 minutes
27 Questions
Directions: Each set of questions in this section is based on a single passage or a pair of passages. The questions are to be answered
on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage or pair of passages. For some questions, more than one of the choices could
conceivably answer the question. However, you are to choose the best answer; that is, choose the response that most accurately and
completely answers the question and mark that response on your answer sheet.(5)
(10)
(15)
(20)
(25)
(30)
(35)
(40)
(45)A major problem facing industrial societies is their
exponentially increasing production of toxic waste.
Environmental regulations and expenses for landfills and
incinerators have increased significantly in recent years.
In an effort to save time and money, many industries
have turned to alternative methods of hazardous-waste
disposal, including increased use of deep-well injection.
In this method, wells are drilled into porous and
permeable rock strata that are already saturated with salt
water. Liquid wastes are then injected into the rock
strata. Most of these wells are drilled to a depth of at
least 300 meters—the minimum depth that generally puts
the injected waste at a safe distance below any aquifer, in
this case a rock stratum containing drinkable water. Such
wells are rarely deeper than 1,800 meters, because below
this depth it is more cost-effective to consider an
alternative method of disposal. Deep-well injection,
which has been used to some extent since the 1930s, has
become a matter of controversy as growing numbers of
communities come to rely on underground sources of
drinking water. The controversy arises because there are
three serious problems with this method of waste
disposal.
Under the best conditions, wastes are injected into
rock strata saturated with salt water and separated by
impermeable rock strata from aquifers containing
drinkable water. However, injection wells may leak,
allowing significant amounts of noxious chemicals to
mix with supplies of drinking water. In other cases,
mistakes by personnel working on the wells may lead to
the pollution of aquifers. In one such case, workers
installing a 500-meter-deep well left a gap along
approximately 30 meters of its steel casing. This allowed
waste to escape at depth of only 200 meters, threatening
a regional aquifer supplying water to 100,000 people.
Because such accidents take place deep within the earth,
people may be exposed to dangerous levels of waste
materials for long periods of time before the problem is
even discovered.
The third problem associated with deep-well
injection arises from the fact that it is nearly impossible
to predict how the injected wastes will be acted on by the
geological features of the injection area. Unlike surface
water, the water in underground rock strata does not flow
entirely under the influence of gravity. Moving along
subterranean pressure gradients, it can flow in any
direction and, in some cases, can be transported
thousands of meters per year through geologic faults,
porous rock, or other geologic formations.(50)
(55)The significant uncertainty about where
injected wastes will flow, along with the
possibilities of mechanical failure and human
error, makes deep-well injection a risky means of
managing hazardous wastes. Unfortunately, as
societies produce more toxic waste, industry will
rely increasingly upon this relatively cheap,
efficient means of disposal.1. Which one of the following most accurately states the
main point of the passage?
(A) Deep-well injection of hazardous wastes is unsafe
when expensive precautionary measures are not
taken.
(B) Although deep-well injection of hazardous wastes
can be unsafe, it is generally safe when proper
procedures are followed and sites are carefully
selected.
(C) Because of the high costs and extensive
regulations associated with other methods, deep-
well injection has wholly supplanted alternative
methods of hazardous-waste disposal.
(D) The increasing use of deep-well injection as a
method of hazardous-waste disposal is seriously
problematic.
(E) Careful design and location of deep-well-injection
facilities is important because communities
commonly rely on groundwater for drinking.
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