A-LEVEL PE (OCR): PAPER 1 - Diet and Nutrition Part 2
Hypoglycaemia is a condition characterized by low blood glucose levels, which can cause symptoms such as dizziness, shaking, sweating, and an increased heart rate. It often occurs when the body’s glucose demand exceeds the available supply.
What is HYPOGLAEMIA ?
low blood glucose levels associated with dizziness, shaking and raised HR
Key Terms
What is HYPOGLAEMIA ?
low blood glucose levels associated with dizziness, shaking and raised HR
What should an ENDURANCE athlete eat DURING EVENT ?
longer than 1hr = 30-60g of high GI carbs
What should an ENDURANCE athlete eat POST-EVENT ?
1 - 1.5g per kg of carb per hour
within 30 mins
repeated every 2 hours
What should a STRENGTH athlete eat PRE-TRAINING
30-60mins before
small meal
equal quantities of carbs and protei
quickly accessed
What should a STRENGTH athlete eat POST-TRAINING ?
as soon as possible
high GI carbs
protein
replace lost glycogen
What is GLYCOGEN LOADING ?
manipulation of carbohydrate intake in the week before competition to maximise stores of glycogen
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
What is HYPOGLAEMIA ? | low blood glucose levels associated with dizziness, shaking and raised HR |
What should an ENDURANCE athlete eat DURING EVENT ? | longer than 1hr = 30-60g of high GI carbs |
What should an ENDURANCE athlete eat POST-EVENT ? | 1 - 1.5g per kg of carb per hour within 30 mins repeated every 2 hours |
What should a STRENGTH athlete eat PRE-TRAINING | 30-60mins before small meal equal quantities of carbs and protei quickly accessed |
What should a STRENGTH athlete eat POST-TRAINING ? | as soon as possible high GI carbs protein replace lost glycogen |
What is GLYCOGEN LOADING ? | manipulation of carbohydrate intake in the week before competition to maximise stores of glycogen |
What are the performance benefits of glycogen loading ? | increased glycogen stores increased endurance decreased fatigue |
What are the risks of glycogen loading ? | hypoglycaemia in depletion phase | - poor recovery in depletion phase |
What are the risks of DEHYDRATION ? | decrease heart regulation increase blood viscosity increased fatigue |
What are ELECTROLYTES ? | SALTS and MINERALS that conduct ELECTRICAL IMPULSES - lost through sweat |
What are the effects of losing electrolytes ? | fatigue cramping 2% body weight in sweat = 20% decrease in performance |
What is a HYPOTONIC SOLUTION ? | LOWER CONCENTRATION of glucose than the blood stream quickly replaces lost fluids small amounts of glucose hydration without energy boost |
What is an ISOTONIC SOLUTION ? | EQUAL CONCENTRATION of glucose as blood stream absorbed at SAME RATE as water quickly re-hydrate and supply glucose middle-distance athletes |
What is a HYPERTONIC SOLUTION ? | HIGHER CONCENTRATION of glucose as blood stream absorbed at SLOWER RATE than water glycogen replenishment additional water needed ultra-distance athletes |
What are CREATINE SUPPLEMENTS ? | consumption of CREATINE MONOHYDRATE to increase stores of PC to increase intensity and duration |
What are the INITIAL effects of creatine supplements ? | creatine pulls water -> muscle cell = increase protein synth |
What are the SUBSEQUENT effects of creatine supplements ? | increased work = increased muscle mass |
What is CAFFEINE ? | stimulant used to heighten NERVOUS SYSTEM and MOBILISE FATS to PROLONG aerobic energy production |
What are the performance benefits of caffeine ? | nervous stimulation focus and concentration preservation of muscle glycogen |
What are the risks of caffeine ? | diuretics = dehydration insomnia anxiety |
What is BICARBONATE ? | an ALKALINE which acts as a BUFFER to NEUTRALISE the rise in LACTIC ACID |
What are the performance benefits of bicarbonate ? | increased buffering capacity increased tolerance to lactic acid increased intensity and duration |
What are the risks of bicarbonate ? | gastrointestinal problems | - unpleasant taste |
What is NITRATE ? | INORGANIC COMPOUNDS which DILATE blood vessels, reducing BLOOD PRESSURE and increasing blood flow to the muscles |
What are the performance benefits of nitrate ? | reduced blood pressure increased blood flow increased intensity |
What are the risks of nitrate ? | headaches possible carcinogenic risks long-term effects unknown |