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Aleks Placement Test: Chemistry Part 3

Chemistry85 CardsCreated 3 months ago

Pure substances made of only one type of atom. Each element is identified by its unique number of protons.

Acetate

C2H3O2(-)

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Key Terms

Term
Definition

Acetate

C2H3O2(-)

Phosphite

PO3(3-)

Phosphate

PO4(3-)

Arsenite

AsO3(3-)

Arsenate

AsO4(3-)

Borate

BO3(3-)

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TermDefinition

Acetate

C2H3O2(-)

Phosphite

PO3(3-)

Phosphate

PO4(3-)

Arsenite

AsO3(3-)

Arsenate

AsO4(3-)

Borate

BO3(3-)

Strong Acid (6)

HCl

HBr

HI

HNO3

H2SO4

HClO4

Celcius & Fahrenheit

F=1.8C+32

Celcius & Kelvin

0 C = 273.15 K

K= C+273.15

Bromate

BrO3(-)

Activation Energy Graph

download

from reactants to loop

other is either energy absorbed or released

What happens with catalyst? <catalyzed reaction>

lowering of activation energy

Neutralization Reaction

Acid + Base -> Salt + H2O

Ionic Bond

between metal and nonmetal

Covalent Bond

between two nonmetals

Nonpolar Covalent Bond

A bond between 2 nonmetal atoms that have the same electronegativity and therefore have equal sharing of the bonding electron pair.

Polar Covalent Bond

A bond between 2 nonmetal atoms that have different electronegativities and therefore have unequal sharing of the bonding electron pair.

Periodic Trends

(1) Electronegativity

(2) Ionization Energy

(3) Electron Affinit

(4) Atomic Radius

(1) & (2) & (3) increase towards top right

(4) increase towards bottom left

Combustion Reaction

CxHy + O2 -> CO2 + H2O

Polymerization

process of reacting monomer molecules together in a chemical reaction to form polymer chains or three-dimensional networks.

Hydrogen Bond

a weak bond between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule and an electronegative atom in the other

(N, O, F)

Boyle's Law

pressure and volume

P1V1 = P2V2

Charles Law

volume and temperature

V1/T1 = V2/T2

Gay Lussac Law

pressure and temperature

P1/T1 = P2/T2

Avogadro's Law

volume and number of moles

V1 / n1 = V2 / n2

Ideal Gas Law

PV = nRT

R: 0.08206 L atm / mol K

8.314 J / mol K

Avogadro's number

6.022 X 10 ^ 23

Dilution

M1V1 = M2V2

Iron

Fe(2+) & Fe (3+)

Copper

Cu(+) & Cu (2+)

Cobalt

Co(2+) & Co(3+)

Manganese

Mn(2+) & Mn(3+)

Tin

Sn(2+) & Sn(4+)

Lead

Pb(2+) & Pb(4+)

Silver

Ag(+)

Ammonium

NH4(+)

compounds are soluble

Zinc

Zn(2+)

Cadmium

Cd(2+)

Hypo (Cl & Br & I) ite

__O (-)

(Cl & Br & I) ite

__O2 (-)

(Cl & Br & I) ate

__O3 (-)

Per (Cl & Br & I) ate

__O4 (-)

Peroxide

O2(2-)

Hydroxide?

OH(-)

insoluble

Carbonate?

CO3(2-)

insoluble

Cyanide

CN(-)

Thiocynate

SCN(-)

Cyanate

OCN(-)

Nitrite

NO2(-)

Nitrate?

NO3(-)

compounds are soluble

Sulfite

SO3(2-)

Sulfate?

SO4(2-)

most are soluble -> except Ba Hg Pb

Thiosulfate

S2O3(2-)

Permanganate

MnO4(-)

Oxalate

C2O4(2-)

Chromate

CrO4(2-)

Dichromate

Cr2O7(2-)

Acetate

C2H3O2(-)

Phosphite

PO3(3-)

Phosphate

PO4(3-)

Arsenite

AsO3(3-)

Arsenate

AsO4(3-)

Borate

BO3(3-)

Strong Acid (6)

HCl

HBr

HI

HNO3

H2SO4

HClO4

Celcius & Fahrenheit

F=1.8C+32

Celcius & Kelvin

0 C = 273.15 K

K= C+273.15

Bromate

BrO3(-)

Activation Energy Graph

download

from reactants to loop

other is either energy absorbed or released

What happens with catalyst? <catalyzed reaction>

lowering of activation energy

Neutralization Reaction

Acid + Base -> Salt + H2O

Ionic Bond

between metal and nonmetal

Covalent Bond

between two nonmetals

Nonpolar Covalent Bond

A bond between 2 nonmetal atoms that have the same electronegativity and therefore have equal sharing of the bonding electron pair.

Polar Covalent Bond

A bond between 2 nonmetal atoms that have different electronegativities and therefore have unequal sharing of the bonding electron pair.

Periodic Trends

(1) Electronegativity

(2) Ionization Energy

(3) Electron Affinit

(4) Atomic Radius

(1) & (2) & (3) increase towards top right

(4) increase towards bottom left

Combustion Reaction

CxHy + O2 -> CO2 + H2O

Polymerization

process of reacting monomer molecules together in a chemical reaction to form polymer chains or three-dimensional networks.

Hydrogen Bond

a weak bond between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule and an electronegative atom in the other

(N, O, F)

Boyle's Law

pressure and volume

P1V1 = P2V2

Charles Law

volume and temperature

V1/T1 = V2/T2

Gay Lussac Law

pressure and temperature

P1/T1 = P2/T2

Avogadro's Law

volume and number of moles

V1 / n1 = V2 / n2

Ideal Gas Law

PV = nRT

R: 0.08206 L atm / mol K

8.314 J / mol K

Avogadro's number

6.022 X 10 ^ 23

Dilution

M1V1 = M2V2