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Back to AI Flashcard MakerAdvanced Placement /AP® Psychology Social Psychology Part 3

AP® Psychology Social Psychology Part 3

Advanced Placement12 CardsCreated about 1 month ago

This deck covers key concepts in social psychology, including conformity, obedience, group dynamics, and influential studies by Asch, Milgram, and Zimbardo.

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What are the three factors involved in deciding whether you may like someone?

1. proximity: do you see this person regularly? 2. similarity: is this person like you in a lot of ways? 3. reciprocal liking: does this person feel positively about you, too?
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
What are the three factors involved in deciding whether you may like someone?
1. proximity: do you see this person regularly? 2. similarity: is this person like you in a lot of ways? 3. reciprocal liking: does this person feel p...
What is social facilitation?
This is when the presence of one or more observers makes someone perform better at routine tasks.
What is the difference between social facilitation and social impairment?
While social facilitation explains that we may improve performance on simple or routine tasks, social impairment shows that we may perform difficult t...
What is conformity?
It is the act of blending into a crowd, or following along with an idea, view, or action of others.
Explain Solomon Asch's conformity study.
Participants were asked to participate in a group vision test, measuring the length of lines; All members of the group except the participant were con...
What experimental findings explain how ordinary people may commit atrocities while following the orders of an authority figure?
Milgram's obedience study showed the following: Participants were told to shock another participant (actually a confederate) when they answered a ques...
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AP® Psychology Social Psychology Part 3
TermDefinition
What are the three factors involved in deciding whether you may like someone?
1. proximity: do you see this person regularly? 2. similarity: is this person like you in a lot of ways? 3. reciprocal liking: does this person feel positively about you, too?
What is social facilitation?
This is when the presence of one or more observers makes someone perform better at routine tasks.
What is the difference between social facilitation and social impairment?
While social facilitation explains that we may improve performance on simple or routine tasks, social impairment shows that we may perform difficult tasks more poorly than we normally would if we were doing them without being observed.
What is conformity?
It is the act of blending into a crowd, or following along with an idea, view, or action of others.
Explain Solomon Asch's conformity study.
Participants were asked to participate in a group vision test, measuring the length of lines; All members of the group except the participant were confederates in the study; Even if the confederates gave an obviously wrong answer, a significant percentage of the participants would conform to this wrong answer
What experimental findings explain how ordinary people may commit atrocities while following the orders of an authority figure?
Milgram's obedience study showed the following: Participants were told to shock another participant (actually a confederate) when they answered a question incorrectly; More than half of the participants administered the highest level of shock to the confederate because they were ordered to do so by the experimenter; Even when the confederate screamed or begged the participant to stop, the majority of participants still followed orders to shock the confederate
What are group norms?
Group norms are the rules of behavior (implicit or explicit) that go along with belonging to a group.
Why might many overachievers dislike being part of group projects?
Within groups, social loafing is common. This occurs when individual members of a group do less than they would on their own because they believe someone else will 'pick up the slack' or their performance will be less noticeable.
What is group polarization and why might it occur?
Group polarization is the phenomenon by which ideas and actions within a group are more extreme than they would be for the individual members. This may occur because groups tend to strengthen preexisting beliefs.
What term did Irving Janis coin, and what does it mean?
Groupthink is the mistaken unanimity of a group decision, which generally ends up negatively. Individual members of a group will downplay their own beliefs about the flaws of a plan for the sake of unanimity.
What may cause a person to riot when their favorite team wins a championship?
Deindividuation is the idea that people lose sight of their individual nature when they are excited (positively or negatively) and feel anonymous, as they might feel being a part of a giant fanbase.
What does Zimbardo's prison study suggest about deindividuation?
People adapt to the roles they are given, so context deindividuates people and makes them act in ways they never imagined they would. Participants were randomly assigned to be either a guard or a prisoner in a mock prison; Participants rapidly adapted to their assigned roles (ex. guards became more aggressive and sadistic, prisoners became more passive and dependent), leading to dangerous situations; Experiment was terminated early because of 'guard' cruelty