How can family influence participation ?
parents might encourage or discourage sport
if your family play sport then you are familiar with it at a young age
if your family play sport you may have more opportunities
Key Terms
How can family influence participation ?
parents might encourage or discourage sport
if your family play sport then you are familiar with it at a young age
if your family play ...
How can friends influence participation ?
you are influenced by people the same age as you
- if your friends play a sport you will want to join in
How can role models affect participation ?
encourage more people to play their sport
How can gender influence the sports you play ?
some sports have less media cover for women therefore have less female participation
less coverage means less sponsors which means less oppor...
How can ethnicity and religion influence participation ?
some religions don’t compete on the sabbath
punishments for racism are much more severe
governing bodies have encouraged participation ...
How have sports been adapted for the disabled ?
adapting sports e.g. wheelchair basketball
creating new sports e.g. boccia (like bowls for wheelchairs) and goalball (like handball for the b...
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
How can family influence participation ? | parents might encourage or discourage sport if your family play sport then you are familiar with it at a young age if your family play sport you may have more opportunities |
How can friends influence participation ? | you are influenced by people the same age as you - if your friends play a sport you will want to join in |
How can role models affect participation ? | encourage more people to play their sport |
How can gender influence the sports you play ? | some sports have less media cover for women therefore have less female participation less coverage means less sponsors which means less opportunities gender stereotypes e.g. women shouldn’t be aggressive and vice versa |
How can ethnicity and religion influence participation ? | some religions don’t compete on the sabbath punishments for racism are much more severe governing bodies have encouraged participation of sports policies like the ‘rooney rule’ in american football says you must interview at least one ethnic minority candidate for any head coaching job muslims can’t wear swimsuits |
How have sports been adapted for the disabled ? | adapting sports e.g. wheelchair basketball creating new sports e.g. boccia (like bowls for wheelchairs) and goalball (like handball for the blind) including disabled and able bodied to play along side to challenge stereotypes given more media coverage e.g. paralymics more disabled role models e.g. ellie simmonds |
How can your socio-economic group effect participation ? | the amount of money affects which sports you play e.g on equipment or fees some require specialist facilities some require transport if you work irregular hours you might miss training times if you work long hours or have family commitments then you don’t have the time to join a club |
How does age affect the sports you play ? | 16-30 have lots of choices 50 > have physical limits high intensity / endurance events can damage bodies if started to young (age restrictions) young people have more spare time |
How does PE in school affect participation | allows students to become familiar with sport some find it embarrassing some don’t like competing so school is better can bring in outside agencies good teachers inspire students facilities can limit whats on offer |
How does the environment affect participation ? | if you don’t live by snow / mountains ; winter sports are less of an option if you have extreme climates its hard to be outside for long periods pollution levels force people to stay inside living in mountains affects team sports cuz there isn’t room for flat areas |
What is the PROMOTION strategy ? | increasing media coverage and campaigns to encourage participation (nationally and locally) |
What is the PROVISION strategy ? | providing facilities that offer a wide range of sports e.g. leisure centres pe lessons and after school clubs |
What is the ACCESS strategy ? | government providing good transport links to facilities for those who live in rural areas or dont have a car having access for the disabled making sure facilities are reasonably priced to encourage people to use them |
What does commercialisation (money) come from ? | sponsorships media e.g. TV and radio - the media pay to cover the sport broadcasting on TV = globalisation of sport social media keeps sponsors in public eye selling tickets and merch. |
Sport, media and commercialisation are all connected. How is sponsorship and sport connected ? | sponsors make money by sponsoring good teams the sponsor deals mean big money for the sport which can be spent on equipment, transport etc players and officials get good wages which can go on paying fees |
How is the media and sport linked ? | media pays sport for coverage, sport spend money to develop new players media coverage = more participation media coverage = role models media coverage = positive and negative fame media hold a lot of power over participation, rules, increased timings can lead to player injury watching on TV saves fans money but means a decrease in ticket sales media analysis puts officials under pressure media analysis educates spectators |
How is sponsorship and the media linked ? | more media coverage = more views = more valuable sponsors - increased likelihood of sponsorship = high money demand |
What are the negatives of sponsorship ? | only available to top players bad behavior reflects badly on sponsor or player loses sponsorship athletes have to fulfill contract e.g. going to events athletes get into trouble when seen using another companies kit / equipment adverts are boring for spectators |
What sponsors are inappropriate ? | cigarette and tobacco promote bad health and are banned in the EU alcoholic drinks promotes bad health watched by children so could encourage young people to drink / smoke / eat unhealthily |
How does technology help players performance ? | better materials for equipment / clothing e.g. swimwear improvements to facilities e.g. all weather pitches better protective clothing and medical technology video footage helps analyse performance they are expensive worries that sport becomes for about technology and less about skill |
What are the advantages and disadvantages of technology helping officials ? | Advantages : make sport more fair help validate decisions = increased respect Disadvantages : they are expensive undermine authority of officials video play can take a long time |
What is sportsmanship ? | being fair and humble - sticking to the rules |
What is gamesmanship ? | gaining advantage by using tactics that seem unfair but arent against the rules time wasting, grunting, calling time out |
What is deviance ? | breaking the rules using peds, ‘professional fouls’ (tripping someone up), being violent risk of being banned or fined, removed from the game |
What affects to spectators have ? | create an atmosphere (cheering) create 'home-field advantage' put pressure on players discourage young people if pressure gets too much lots of planning is required to make sure they are safe |
What are the causes of hooliganism ? | rivalries between fans drink / drugs fuel aggression frustration with decisions display of masculinity gang mentality |
What are the methods of prevention for hooliganism ? | kick offs made earlier = less time for pups to open alcohol restriction within stadium all seated stadiums mean fans aren't packed together fans / rivals can be segregated increased number of police increased CCTV banning orders for previous offenders campaigns against hooliganism |