ATI TEAS: The Structure of Atoms
This flashcard set introduces the structure and organization of the periodic table, focusing on concepts like elements, valence electrons, CHON elements essential for life, and electron shell capacity. It's ideal for foundational review in biology or chemistry courses.
How does the periodic table organize atoms?
By the number of valance electrons in its outermost shell
Key Terms
How does the periodic table organize atoms?
By the number of valance electrons in its outermost shell
Element
Pure sub stances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
How many known elements are there?
118, 92 occur naturally
What elements make up the majority of living organisms?
CHON - Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen
Valence electrons
The outermost shell of electrons
What do the columns and rows of the periodic table mean?
Columns=groups Same# valence electrons 1-2 for s 3-8 for p block 9-18 for d block, rows= periods or number of possible orbitals or pairs of electro...
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
How does the periodic table organize atoms? | By the number of valance electrons in its outermost shell |
Element | Pure sub stances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances. |
How many known elements are there? | 118, 92 occur naturally |
What elements make up the majority of living organisms? | CHON - Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen |
Valence electrons | The outermost shell of electrons |
What do the columns and rows of the periodic table mean? | Columns=groups Same# valence electrons 1-2 for s 3-8 for p block 9-18 for d block, rows= periods or number of possible orbitals or pairs of electrons, Atomic number=number of protons and number of electrons |
How many electrons can fit in the shells? | ring 1=2 electrons ring 2 = 8 |
What is the abbreviation for iron? | Fe |
Integer | Whole number; not a fraction |
Atomic mass | The sum of the mass of protons + neutrons in one atom of an element in atomic mass unit. The decimal is an average that differ in # of neutrons |
Atomic number | Number of protons |
How can you find out the maximum number of electrons each energy level can hold? | 2(n^2) where n= period number aka energy level |
Isotopes | Atoms with a different amount of protons as neutrons Carbon-14 means 6 protons and 8 neutrons |
Ion | When the number of electrons is not the same as the number of protons. Cation=lost an electron, anion=gained an electron |
Ionic bond | Results between two cations when one atom steals 1-3 electrons (keeps the other guy in orbit) |
Covalent bond | Two or more atoms sharing electrons so that each atom becomes more stable |
What is the max amount of electrons in a valence shell? | 2 for hydrogen and helium and 8 for the P group |
What is the maximum amount of shared electrons in the p subshell? | 6 |
Atomic number | Integer representing the number of protons |