CCNA 2 v7 Modules 14 – 16: Routing Concepts and Configuration
This flashcard set explores core routing concepts, including static and dynamic routing, administrative distance, default routes, and route selection criteria. It also highlights real-world use cases and configuration scenarios to help understand when and how to implement each routing method effectively.
Which feature on a Cisco router permits the forwarding of traffic for which there is no specific route?
next-hop
gateway of last resort
route source
outgoing interface
gateway of last resort
Key Terms
Which feature on a Cisco router permits the forwarding of traffic for which there is no specific route?
next-hop
gateway of last resort
route source
outgoing interface
gateway of last resort
Which three advantages are provided by static routing? (Choose three.)
Static routing does not advertise over the network, thus providing better security.
Configuration of static routes is error-free.
Static routes scale well as the network grows.
Static routing typically uses less network bandwidth and fewer CPU operations than dynamic routing does.
The path a static route uses to send data is known.
No intervention is required to maintain changing route information.
Static routing does not advertise over the network, thus providing better security.
Static routing typically uses less network bandwidth and few...
What are two functions of dynamic routing protocols? (Choose two.)
to maintain routing tables
to assure low router overhead
to avoid exposing network information
to discover the network
to choose the path that is specified by the administrator
to maintain routing tables
to discover the network
What is an advantage of using dynamic routing protocols instead of static routing?
easier to implement
more secure in controlling routing updates
fewer router resource overhead requirements
ability to actively search for new routes if the current path becomes unavailable
ability to actively search for new routes if the current path becomes unavailable
What happens to a static route entry in a routing table when the outgoing interface associated with that route goes into the down state?
The static route is removed from the routing table.
The router polls neighbors for a replacement route.
The router automatically redirects the static route to use another interface.
The static route remains in the table because it was defined as static.
The static route is removed from the routing table.
What is a characteristic of a static route that matches all packets?
It uses a single network address to send multiple static routes to one destination address.
It identifies the gateway IP address to which the router sends all IP packets for which it does not have a learned or static route.
It backs up a route already discovered by a dynamic routing protocol.
It is configured with a higher administrative distance than the original dynamic routing protocol has.
It identifies the gateway IP address to which the router sends all IP packets for which it does not have a learned or static route.
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Which feature on a Cisco router permits the forwarding of traffic for which there is no specific route? next-hop | gateway of last resort |
Which three advantages are provided by static routing? (Choose three.) Static routing does not advertise over the network, thus providing better security. | Static routing does not advertise over the network, thus providing better security. |
What are two functions of dynamic routing protocols? (Choose two.) to maintain routing tables | to maintain routing tables |
What is an advantage of using dynamic routing protocols instead of static routing? easier to implement | ability to actively search for new routes if the current path becomes unavailable |
What happens to a static route entry in a routing table when the outgoing interface associated with that route goes into the down state? The static route is removed from the routing table. | The static route is removed from the routing table. |
What is a characteristic of a static route that matches all packets? It uses a single network address to send multiple static routes to one destination address. | It identifies the gateway IP address to which the router sends all IP packets for which it does not have a learned or static route. |
When would it be more beneficial to use a dynamic routing protocol instead of static routing? in an organization where routers suffer from performance issues | on a network where there is a lot of topology changes |
Which route would be used to forward a packet with a source IP address of 192.168.10.1 and a destination IP address of 10.1.1.1? C 192.168.10.0/30 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1 | O 10.1.1.0/24 [110/65] via 192.168.200.2, 00:01:20, Serial0/1/0 |
Refer to the exhibit. What is the administrative distance value of the route for router R1 to reach the destination IPv6 address of 2001:DB8:CAFE:4::A? 120 | 120 |
Which value in a routing table represents trustworthiness and is used by the router to determine which route to install into the routing table when there are multiple routes toward the same destination? administrative distance | administrative distance |
Refer to the graphic. Which command would be used on router A to configure a static route to direct traffic from LAN A that is destined for LAN C? image A(config)# ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.1 | A(config)# ip route 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.2 |
On which two routers would a default static route be configured? (Choose two.) any router where a backup route to dynamic routing is needed for reliability | stub router connection to the rest of the corporate or campus network |
Refer to the exhibit. This network has two connections to the ISP, one via router C and one via router B. The serial link between router A and router C supports EIGRP and is the primary link to the Internet. If the primary link fails, the administrator needs a floating static route that avoids recursive route lookups and any potential next-hop issues caused by the multiaccess nature of the Ethernet segment with router B. What should the administrator configure? Create a static route pointing to 10.1.1.1 with an AD of 95. | Create a fully specified static route pointing to Fa0/0 with an AD of 95. |
What is a characteristic of a floating static route? When it is configured, it creates a gateway of last resort. | It is configured with a higher administrative distance than the original dynamic routing protocol has. |
What network prefix and prefix-length combination is used to create a default static route that will match any IPv6 destination? FFFF::/128 | ::/0 |
Consider the following command: ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 10.10.10.2 5 What does the 5 at the end of the command signify? exit interface | administrative distance |
Refer to the exhibit. The routing table for R2 is as follows: Gateway of last resort is not set 10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 2 subnets What will router R2 do with a packet destined for 192.168.10.129? send the packet out interface FastEthernet0/0 | send the packet out interface Serial0/0/1 |
An administrator issues the ipv6 route 2001:db8:acad:1::/32 gigabitethernet0/0 2001:db8:acad:6::1 100 command on a router. What administrative distance is assigned to this route? 0 | 100 |
Refer to the exhibit. Which default static route command would allow R1 to potentially reach all unknown networks on the Internet? R1(config)# ipv6 route 2001:db8:32::/64 G0/0 | R1(config)# ipv6 route ::/0 G0/1 fe80::2 |
Refer to the exhibit. The network engineer for the company that is shown wants to use the primary ISP connection for all external connectivity. The backup ISP connection is used only if the primary ISP connection fails. Which set of commands would accomplish this goal? ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0/0/0 | ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0/0/0 |
Refer to the exhibit. Which set of commands will configure static routes that will allow the Park and the Alta routers to a) forward packets to each LAN and b) direct all other traffic to the Internet? Park(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.14.1 | Park(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.14.1 |
Refer to the exhibit. The small company shown uses static routing. Users on the R2 LAN have reported a problem with connectivity. What is the issue? R1 needs a static route to the R2 LAN. | R1 needs a static route to the R2 LAN. |
Refer to the exhibit. An administrator is attempting to install an IPv6 static route on router R1 to reach the network attached to router R2. After the static route command is entered, connectivity to the network is still failing. What error has been made in the static route configuration? The next hop address is incorrect. | The interface is incorrect. |
Refer to the exhibit. How was the host route 2001:DB8:CAFE:4::1/128 installed in the routing table? The route was dynamically created by router R1. | The route was manually entered by an administrator. |
Refer to the exhibit. HostA is attempting to contact ServerB. Which two statements correctly describe the addressing that HostA will generate in the process? (Choose two.) A packet with the destination IP address of RouterA. | A packet with the destination IP address of ServerB. |
Refer to the exhibit. A ping from R1 to 10.1.1.2 is successful, but a ping from R1 to any address in the 192.168.2.0 network fails. What is the cause of this problem? There is no gateway of last resort at R1. | The static route for 192.168.2.0 is incorrectly configured. |
Refer to the exhibit. An administrator is attempting to install a default static route on router R1 to reach the Site B network on router R2. After entering the static route command, the route is still not showing up in the routing table of router R1. What is preventing the route from installing in the routing table? The netmask is incorrect. | The next hop address is incorrect. |
Refer to the exhibit. The Branch Router has an OSPF neighbor relationship with the HQ router over the 198.51.0.4/30 network. The 198.51.0.8/30 network link should serve as a backup when the OSPF link goes down. The floating static route command ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 S0/1/1 100 was issued on Branch and now traffic is using the backup link even when the OSPF link is up and functioning. Which change should be made to the static route command so that traffic will only use the OSPF link when it is up? Add the next hop neighbor address of 198.51.0.8. | Change the administrative distance to 120. |
What characteristic completes the following statement? a destination host route with a /128 prefix. | an IPv6 link-local address on the adjacent router. |
Gateway of last resort is not set. 172.19.115.0/26 is variously subnetted, 7 subnets, 3 masks Refer to the exhibit. Which interface will be the exit interface to forward a data packet that has the destination IP address 172.19.115.206? GigabitEthernet0/1 | GigabitEthernet0/0 |
Refer to the exhibit. What routing solution will allow both PC A and PC B to access the Internet with the minimum amount of router CPU and network bandwidth utilization? CCNA 2 v7 Modules 14 - 16: Routing Concepts and Configuration Exam Answers 15 Configure a dynamic routing protocol between R1 and Edge and advertise all routes. | Configure a static default route from R1 to Edge, a default route from Edge to the Internet, and a static route from Edge to R1. |
Refer to the exhibit. What would happen after the IT administrator enters the new static route? The 172.16.1.0 static route would be entered into the running-config but not shown in the routing table. | The 172.16.1.0 route learned from RIP would be replaced with the 172.16.1.0 static route. |
What two pieces of information are needed in a fully specified static route to eliminate recursive lookups? (Choose two.) the interface ID of the next-hop neighbor | the interface ID exit interface |
Refer to the exhibit. Which command will properly configure an IPv6 static route on R2 that will allow traffic from PC2 to reach PC1 without any recursive lookups by router R2? R2(config)# ipv6 route ::/0 2001:db8:32::1 | R2(config)# ipv6 route 2001:db8:10:12::/64 S0/0/0 |
Refer to the exhibit. Which static route would an IT technician enter to create a backup route to the 172.16.1.0 network that is only used if the primary RIP learned route fails? ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 s0/0/0 | ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 s0/0/0 121 |
Open the PT Activity. Perform the tasks in the activity instructions and then answer the question. A user reports that PC0 cannot visit the web server www.server.com. Troubleshoot the network configuration to identify the problem. What is the cause of the problem? The clock rate on one of the serial links is configured incorrectly. | Routing between HQ and Branch is configured incorrectly. |
Match the routing table entry to the corresponding function. (Not all options are used. administrative distance metric route source destination network identifies how a route was learned identifies the address of the remote network identifies the value assigned to reach a remote network identifies the trustworthiness of a route source identifies the exit interface used to route a packet to a destination | administrative distance -> identifies the exit interface used to route a packet to a destination metric -> identifies the value assigned to reach route source -> identifies how a route was learned destination network -> identifies the address of the remote network |
Refer to the exhibit. PC A sends a request to Server B. What IPv4 address is used in the destination field in the packet as the packet leaves PC A? 192.168.11.1 | 192.168.12.16 |
What does R1 use as the MAC address of the destination when constructing the frame that will go from R1 to Server B? If the destination MAC address that corresponds to the IPv4 address is not in the ARP cache, R1 sends an ARP request. | If the destination MAC address that corresponds to the IPv4 address is not in the ARP cache, R1 sends an ARP request. |
What route would have the lowest administrative distance? a route received through the OSPF routing protocol | a directly connected network |
What characteristic completes the following statement? the “show ipv6 route static” command. | an administrative distance of 2. |
A router has used the OSPF protocol to learn a route to the 172.16.32.0/19 network. Which command will implement a backup floating static route to this network? ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.224.0 S0/0/0 100 | ip route 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0 S0/0/0 200 |
Consider the following command: ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 10.10.10.2 5 Delete the default gateway route on the router. | Manually shut down the router interface used as a primary route. |
Refer to the exhibit. Which type of IPv6 static route is configured in the exhibit? ipv6 route 2001:0DB8::/32 2001:0DB8:3000::1 floating static route | recursive static route |
What characteristic completes the following statement? the next-hop address of two different adjacent routers. | the “ipv6 unicast-routing” command. |
Gateway of last resort is not set. 172.18.109.0/26 is variously subnetted, 7 subnets, 3 masks GigabitEthernet0/0 | Serial0/0/0 |
Refer to the exhibit. What will the router do with a packet that has a destination IP address of 192.168.12.227? Drop the packet. | Send the packet out the Serial0/0/0 interface. |
Consider the following command: ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 10.10.10.2 5 a default route | a static route to the 192.168.10.0/24 network |
What are two advantages of static routing over dynamic routing? (Choose two.) Static routing is more secure because it does not advertise over the network. | Static routing is more secure because it does not advertise over the network. |
What characteristic completes the following statement? a destination host route with a /128 prefix. | the next-hop address of two different adjacent routers. |
A network administrator configures the interface fa0/0 on the router R1 with the command ip address 172.16.1.254 255.255.255.0. However, when the administrator issues the command show ip route, the routing table does not show the directly connected network. What is the possible cause of the problem? The subnet mask is incorrect for the IPv4 address. | The interface fa0/0 has not been activated. |
Refer to the exhibit. What command would be used to configure a static route on R1 so that traffic from both LANs can reach the 2001:db8:1:4::/64 remote network? ipv6 route 2001:db8:1:4::/64 2001:db8:1:3::1 | ipv6 route 2001:db8:1:4::/64 2001:db8:1:3::2 |
Refer to the exhibit. What two commands will change the next-hop address for the 10.0.0.0/8 network from 172.16.40.2 to 192.168.1.2? (Choose two.) A(config)# ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 192.168.1.2 | A(config)# ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 192.168.1.2 |
Refer to the exhibit. Which interface will be the exit interface to forward a data packet that has the destination IP address 192.168.139.244? | GigabitEthernet0/1 |
What characteristic completes the following statement? ::/0. | a directly connected multiaccess network. |
Refer to the exhibit. Which interface will be the exit interface to forward a data packet that has the destination IP address 192.168.71.52? Gateway of last resort is not set. | Serial0/0/0 |
What characteristic completes the following statement? a destination host route with a /128 prefix. | the “show ipv6 route static” command. |
Refer to the exhibit. Which interface will be the exit interface to forward a data packet that has the destination IP address 10.55.99.78? Gateway of last resort is not set. | Serial0/0/1 |
A network administrator configures the interface fa0/0 on the router R1 with the command ip address 172.16.1.254 255.255.255.0. However, when the administrator issues the command show ip route, the routing table does not show the directly connected network. What is the possible cause of the problem? The subnet mask is incorrect for the IPv4 address. | The interface fa0/0 has not been activated. |
Refer to the exhibit. Which interface will be the exit interface to forward a data packet that has the destination IP address 10.3.86.2? Gateway of last resort is not set. | Serial0/0/0 |
typically used on stub networks not suitable for topologies where more than one router is required new networks are added automatically to the routing table best choice for large networks less routing overhead | static routing:
dynamic routing:
|
Refer to the exhibit. Which interface will be the exit interface to forward a data packet that has the destination IP address 172.25.128.244? Gateway of last resort is not set. | GigabitEthernet0/1 |
Ipv6 route 2001:0DB8::/32 2001:0DB8:3000::1 Floating static | Recursive static |