Edexcel A Level Chemistry: Inorganic Chemistry and the Period Table Part 2
This deck covers key concepts in inorganic chemistry related to flame tests, halogens, and reactions with metals and acids. It includes questions about the properties and reactions of halogens, flame test colors, and tests for various ions.
What is the flame colour for Barium?
Key Terms
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Term | Definition |
---|---|
What is the flame colour for Barium? | Apple green |
Why is a colour produced during a flame test? | The electrons are excited to a higher energy level and then as they drop back down, they release the energy in the form of light. |
What determines the wavelength of light produced in a flame test? | The difference between the higher and lower energy levels |
What is the solubility of halogens? | Low, as they are non polar |
What do halogens dissolve easily in? | Cyclohexane |
How can halogens be identified when dissolved in organic compounds? | They have distinctive colours |
What colour is bromine in hexane? | Orange/Red |
What colour is iodine in hexane? | Purple |
How does the reactivity of halogens change down the group? | It decreases |
How do the melting and boiling points of halogens change down the group? | They increase |
Why do melting and boiling points increase down group 7? | There are more electron shells, so greater London forces |
What can chlorine displace? | Br- and I- |
What can bromine displace? | I- |
What redox property do halogens have? | They are reducing agents |
How do halogens react with group 1 metals? | They produce halide salts, so the metal is reduced and the halogen oxidised |
What is the equation for the reaction between Li and F? | 2Li + F2 ----> 2LiF |
How do halogens react with group 2 metals? | They form halide salts, where the metal is reduced and the halogen oxidised |
What type of reaction occurs between halogens and cold alkalis? | Disproportionation |
What is the equation for the reaction between I2 and NaOH? | I2 + 2NaOH ----> NaOI + NaI + H2O |
What type of reaction do halogens undergo with hot alkali? | Disproportionation |
What compound is used to kill bacteria? | Chlorate (I) - ClO- |
How does the reducing power of halides change down the group? | It increases |
What is the equation for the reaction between KCl and H2SO4? | KCl + H2SO4 ----> KHSO4 + HCl |
What happens during the reaction between KCl and H2SO4? | HCl gas is given off as misty fumes |
What are the equations for the reaction between KBr and H2SO4? | KBr + H2SO4 ----> KHSO4 + HBr | 2HBr + H2SO4 ----> Br2 + SO2 + 2H2O |
What happens during the reaction between KBr and H2SO4? | The first reaction gives misty fumes of HBr |
What are the equations for the reactions between Kl and H2SO4? | KI + H2SO4 ----> KHSO4 + HI |
What happens during the reactions between Kl and H2SO4? | HI gas is produced in the initial reaction |
What are hydrogen halides? | Acidic gases |
How do hydrogen halides behave in water? | The dissolve |
How do hydrogen halides react with ammonia? | They give off white fumes of ammonium halides |
What colour precipitate does Chlorine give with Silver Nitrate? | White |
What colour precipitate does Bromine give with Silver Nitrate? | Cream |
What colour precipitate does Iodine give with Silver Nitrate? | Yellow |
How does AgCl behave with ammonia? | The precipitate dissolves to give a colourless solution |
How does AgBr behave with ammonia? | The precipitate remains unchanged in dilute, but will dissolve in conc ammonia |
How does AgI behave with ammonia? | The precipitate will not dissolve, even in conc ammonia |
What is the test for carbonates? | Add dilute hydrochloric acid and use lime water to test for any CO2 given off |
What is the test for Sulfates? | Add dilute HCl and BaCl2. If a white precipitate forms, a sulfate is present |
How is ammonia tested for? | It is alkaline, so damp red litmus paper can be used. If ammonia gas is present, the paper will turn blue |
How are ammonium ions tested for? | Add sodium hydroxide and gently heat the mixture. If ammonia is given off, ammonium ions were present |