Chemistry /Edexcel A Level Chemistry: Inorganic Chemistry and the Period Table Part 2

Edexcel A Level Chemistry: Inorganic Chemistry and the Period Table Part 2

Chemistry41 CardsCreated 10 days ago

This deck covers key concepts in inorganic chemistry related to flame tests, halogens, and reactions with metals and acids. It includes questions about the properties and reactions of halogens, flame test colors, and tests for various ions.

What is the flame colour for Barium?

Apple green
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
What is the flame colour for Barium?
Apple green
Why is a colour produced during a flame test?
The electrons are excited to a higher energy level and then as they drop back down, they release the energy in the form of light.
What determines the wavelength of light produced in a flame test?
The difference between the higher and lower energy levels
What is the solubility of halogens?
Low, as they are non polar
What do halogens dissolve easily in?
Cyclohexane
How can halogens be identified when dissolved in organic compounds?
They have distinctive colours

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TermDefinition
What is the flame colour for Barium?
Apple green
Why is a colour produced during a flame test?
The electrons are excited to a higher energy level and then as they drop back down, they release the energy in the form of light.
What determines the wavelength of light produced in a flame test?
The difference between the higher and lower energy levels
What is the solubility of halogens?
Low, as they are non polar
What do halogens dissolve easily in?
Cyclohexane
How can halogens be identified when dissolved in organic compounds?
They have distinctive colours
What colour is bromine in hexane?
Orange/Red
What colour is iodine in hexane?
Purple
How does the reactivity of halogens change down the group?
It decreases
How do the melting and boiling points of halogens change down the group?
They increase
Why do melting and boiling points increase down group 7?
There are more electron shells, so greater London forces
What can chlorine displace?
Br- and I-
What can bromine displace?
I-
What redox property do halogens have?
They are reducing agents
How do halogens react with group 1 metals?
They produce halide salts, so the metal is reduced and the halogen oxidised
What is the equation for the reaction between Li and F?
2Li + F2 ----> 2LiF
How do halogens react with group 2 metals?
They form halide salts, where the metal is reduced and the halogen oxidised
What type of reaction occurs between halogens and cold alkalis?
Disproportionation
What is the equation for the reaction between I2 and NaOH?
I2 + 2NaOH ----> NaOI + NaI + H2O
What type of reaction do halogens undergo with hot alkali?
Disproportionation
What compound is used to kill bacteria?
Chlorate (I) - ClO-
How does the reducing power of halides change down the group?
It increases
What is the equation for the reaction between KCl and H2SO4?
KCl + H2SO4 ----> KHSO4 + HCl

What happens during the reaction between KCl and H2SO4?

HCl gas is given off as misty fumes
Cl- aren't strong enough reducing agents to reduce sulfuric acid, so reaction stops there
Not a redox reaction

What are the equations for the reaction between KBr and H2SO4?

KBr + H2SO4 ----> KHSO4 + HBr

| 2HBr + H2SO4 ----> Br2 + SO2 + 2H2O

What happens during the reaction between KBr and H2SO4?
The first reaction gives misty fumes of HBr

What are the equations for the reactions between Kl and H2SO4?

KI + H2SO4 ----> KHSO4 + HI
2HI + H2SO4 ----> I2 + SO2 + 2H2O
6HI + SO2 ----> H2S + 3I2 + 2H2O

What happens during the reactions between Kl and H2SO4?

HI gas is produced in the initial reaction
Iodide ions then reduce H2SO4 as before
I- is a strong reducing agent and reduced the SO2 to H2S

What are hydrogen halides?
Acidic gases
How do hydrogen halides behave in water?
The dissolve
How do hydrogen halides react with ammonia?
They give off white fumes of ammonium halides
What colour precipitate does Chlorine give with Silver Nitrate?
White
What colour precipitate does Bromine give with Silver Nitrate?
Cream
What colour precipitate does Iodine give with Silver Nitrate?
Yellow
How does AgCl behave with ammonia?
The precipitate dissolves to give a colourless solution
How does AgBr behave with ammonia?
The precipitate remains unchanged in dilute, but will dissolve in conc ammonia
How does AgI behave with ammonia?
The precipitate will not dissolve, even in conc ammonia
What is the test for carbonates?
Add dilute hydrochloric acid and use lime water to test for any CO2 given off
What is the test for Sulfates?
Add dilute HCl and BaCl2. If a white precipitate forms, a sulfate is present
How is ammonia tested for?
It is alkaline, so damp red litmus paper can be used. If ammonia gas is present, the paper will turn blue
How are ammonium ions tested for?
Add sodium hydroxide and gently heat the mixture. If ammonia is given off, ammonium ions were present