Back to AI Flashcard MakerChemistry /Milady Ch. 12 Chemistry Part 2
molecule
a chemical combination of two or more atoms in definite (fixed) proportions
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Key Terms
Term
Definition
molecule
a chemical combination of two or more atoms in definite (fixed) proportions
neutrons
subatomic particles with no charge
oil-in-water emulsions
abbreviated O/W emulsion; oil droplets emulsified in water
organic chemistry
the study of substances that contain the element carbon; is, or was at one time, alive
oxidation
a chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to produce an oxide
oxidation-reduction
also known as redox; a chemical reaction in which the oxidizing agent is reduced (by losing oxygen) and the reducing agent is oxidized (by gaining oxy...
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
molecule | a chemical combination of two or more atoms in definite (fixed) proportions |
neutrons | subatomic particles with no charge |
oil-in-water emulsions | abbreviated O/W emulsion; oil droplets emulsified in water |
organic chemistry | the study of substances that contain the element carbon; is, or was at one time, alive |
oxidation | a chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to produce an oxide |
oxidation-reduction | also known as redox; a chemical reaction in which the oxidizing agent is reduced (by losing oxygen) and the reducing agent is oxidized (by gaining oxygen) |
oxidizing agent | substance that release oxygen |
pH | the abbreviation used for potential hydrogen; pH represents the quantity of hydrogen ions |
pH scale | a measure of the acidity and alkalinity of a substance; the pH scale has a range of 0-14, with 7 being neutral. a pH below 7 is an acidic solution, a pH above 7 is an alkaline solution |
physical change | a change in the form or physical properties of a substance without a chemical reaction or the creation of a new substance |
physical mixture | a physical combination of matter in any proportion |
physical properties | characteristics that can be determined without a chemical reaction and that do not cause a chemical change in the substance |
protons | subatomic particles with a positive charge |
pure substance | a chemical combination of matter in definite (fixed) proportions |
reducing agent | a substance that adds hydrogen to a chemical compound or subtracts oxygen from a compound |
silicones | special type of oil used in hair conditioners, water-resistant lubricants for the skin, and nail polish dryers |
solute | the substance that is dissolved in a solution |
solution | a stable physical mixture of two or more substances |
solvent | the substance that dissolves the solute and makes a solution |
states of matter | the three different physical forms of matter: solid, liquid, and gas |
surfactants | a contraction of surface active agents; substances that allow oil and water to mix, or emulsify |
suspensions | unstable physical mixtures of undissolved particles in liquid |
thioglycolic acid | a colorless liquid or white crystals with a strong unpleasant odor that is used in permanent waving solutions |
volatile alcohols | alcohols that evaporate easily |
volatile organic compounds | abbreviated VOCs; compounds that contain carbon (organic) and evaporate easily (volatile) |
water-in-oil emulsion | abbreviated W/O emulsion; water droplets emulsified in oil |