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NUR 256 (Medication Management) Week 1 & 2

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This deck covers key concepts in medication management, including drug potency, selectivity, specificity, pharmacologically active compounds, drug classifications, and the scheduling of drugs according to the Australian Health Minister’s Advisory Council.

Describe the terms: Potency

Refers to the required amount of a chemical for a given effect.
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Key Terms

Term
Definition
Describe the terms: Potency
Refers to the required amount of a chemical for a given effect.
Describe the terms: Selectivity
The narrowness of a drugs range of actions on particular receptors, cellular processes or tissues.
Describe the terms: Specificity
The relation between the chemical structure of a drug and its pharmacological actions within the body.

Below are some of the pharmacologically active compounds found in plants, Give a brief description of each and name at least one example Alkaloids

Organic nitrogen containing compounds;; Examples include codeine, Morphine & Nicotine
Carbohydrates
Organic compounds Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen;; Examples include Starch, sugars & fibres
Glycosides
Carbohydrates that yield a sugar and non-sugar on hydrolysis; Examples include Digoxin

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TermDefinition
Describe the terms: Potency
Refers to the required amount of a chemical for a given effect.
Describe the terms: Selectivity
The narrowness of a drugs range of actions on particular receptors, cellular processes or tissues.
Describe the terms: Specificity
The relation between the chemical structure of a drug and its pharmacological actions within the body.

Below are some of the pharmacologically active compounds found in plants, Give a brief description of each and name at least one example Alkaloids

Organic nitrogen containing compounds;; Examples include codeine, Morphine & Nicotine
Carbohydrates
Organic compounds Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen;; Examples include Starch, sugars & fibres
Glycosides
Carbohydrates that yield a sugar and non-sugar on hydrolysis; Examples include Digoxin
Hydrocarbons
Used as a base for most drugs especially topical ointments; Examples include castor oil & waxes
Phenols
Compounds that contain a benze ring with a hyrdoxyl substituent; Used in resins, plastics and drugs such as aspirin
Steroids
Compounds that contain four cycloalkane rings together; Examples include cholesterol, androgens and progesterone
Oils
Highly viscous liquids there are two kinds of oils; Fixed- leaves greasy stains eg Castor oil/Olive oil; Volatile- Does not as it evaporates eg Eucalyptis peppermint
Define the following in relation to Drug names and classifications Chemical names
Official name of the drug(not used by the general public); Describes the drugs chemical composition and molecular structure.
Generic names
The agreed name of each drug that has been approved by the local drug authority What us nurses look up in MIMS
Trade names
The particular brand of each drug eg Paracetamol would come under Panadol, Febridol etc
List the categories into which drugs can by classified
There are several categories but the main three are; Clinical indication, By body system and by mechanism of action
Define the following in relation to Drug names and classifications; Chemical names
Official name of the drug(not used by the general public); Describes the drugs chemical composition and molecular structure.
Generic names
The agreed name of each drug that has been approved by the local drug authority; What us nurses look up in MIMS
Trade names
The particular brand of each drug eg Paracetamol would come under Panadol, Febridol etc
List the categories into which drugs can by classified
There are several categories but the main three are; Clinical indication, By body system and by mechanism of action
In 2003, the Australian Health Minister’s Advisory Council established categories for ranking of the abuse potential of various drugs and management of poisons in the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons. Below describe the different schedules of drugs and list two examples of drugs within this category if applicable. Schedule 1
Technically not in use but covers natural/herbal remidies
Schedule 2
Pharmacy Medicine; Examples Include Paracetamol & Nurofen
Schedule 3
Pharmacy Only Medications; Examples Include Codeine & Pseudoephedrine
Schedule 4
Prescription Only Medications; Examples Include
Schedule 5
Poisons(Caution); Examples Include Methylated spirits & Kerosene
Schedule 6
Poisons(Dangerous); Examples Include Alkaline Salts & Eucalyptus Oil
Schedule 7
Poisons(Extreme); Examples Include Aresenice, Cyanide & Thallium
Schedule 8
Controlled Drugs; Examples Include Morphine, Oxycodone & Fentanyl
Schedule 9
Prohibited Substances; Examples Include Cocaine, Heroine & Ecstasy