Back to AI Flashcard MakerChemistry /OCR A-Level Chemistry: Chapter 20 - Acids, Bases, and pH

OCR A-Level Chemistry: Chapter 20 - Acids, Bases, and pH

Chemistry20 CardsCreated 2 months ago

This flashcard set introduces the Bronsted-Lowry definitions of acids and bases, explains conjugate acid-base pairs, and illustrates proton transfer using HCl and water. It highlights the formation of the hydronium ion when water acts as a base.

What is a Bronsted-Lowry acid defined as?

A proton donor

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Key Terms

Term
Definition

What is a Bronsted-Lowry acid defined as?

A proton donor

What is a Bronsted-Lowry base defined as?

A proton acceptor

What is a conjugate acid-base pair?

Two species that can be interconverted by transfer of a proton.

In the dissociation of HCl to H+ and Cl-, identify the conjugate acid and base.

HCl releases a proton so is therefore the conjugate acid.

Cl- accepts a proton so is th...

When water is the base, what is formed?

H(3)O+

Hydronium ion

What do the terms monobasic, dibasic and tribasic refer to?

The total number of hydrogen ions in the acid that can be replaced per molecule in an acid-base reaction.

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TermDefinition

What is a Bronsted-Lowry acid defined as?

A proton donor

What is a Bronsted-Lowry base defined as?

A proton acceptor

What is a conjugate acid-base pair?

Two species that can be interconverted by transfer of a proton.

In the dissociation of HCl to H+ and Cl-, identify the conjugate acid and base.

HCl releases a proton so is therefore the conjugate acid.

Cl- accepts a proton so is therefore the conjugate base.

When water is the base, what is formed?

H(3)O+

Hydronium ion

What do the terms monobasic, dibasic and tribasic refer to?

The total number of hydrogen ions in the acid that can be replaced per molecule in an acid-base reaction.

How can redox reactions be simplified?

Remove the spectator ions

What is the word equation for the reaction of an acid and a metal?

acid + metal -> salt + hydrogen

What is the word equation for the reaction of an acid and a carbonate?


acid + carbonate -> salt + water + carbon dioxide

What is the word equation for the reaction of an acid and a base?

acid + base -> salt + water

What is the word equation for the reaction of an acid and an alkali?

acid + alkali -> salt + water

What is the relationship between pH and concentration of H+?

Low value [H+] = high pH

High value [H+] = low pH

What is the equation for working out pH from [H+]?

pH = -log[H+] (base 10)

How is the pH calculated for a strong acid?

Assume it fully dissociates

Therefore [H+] = [HA]

How is the new pH calculated for a strong acid on dilution?

Work out change in concentration of HA and therefore [H+]

Then put back into pH = -log[H+]

How is the pH calculated for a weak acid?

Ka = [H+][A-]/[HA]

Ka[HA] = [H+][A-]

[H+] = [A-]

[H+]^2 = Ka[HA]

[H+] = sqrt(Ka[HA])

What is Kw?

The ionic product of water

What is the value of pKw?

14.00

How can pH of strong bases be found when given the concentration of OH-?

pKw = pH + pOH

How can pH of weak bases be found when given the concentration of OH-?

Similar method to weak acids, with the additional step of pKw = pH +pOH