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Periodic Table

Chemistry13 CardsCreated 3 months ago

This flashcard set introduces the periodic table, explaining its structure (groups and periods), the classification of elements, and key physical and chemical properties. It also includes foundational facts like the invention of the periodic table by Dmitri Mendeleev and highlights special element groups like the noble gases.

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Periodic table

A chart that organizes the elements by their chemical properties and increasing atomic number

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Key Terms

Term
Definition

Periodic table

A chart that organizes the elements by their chemical properties and increasing atomic number

Element

Pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom
A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances

What are the vertical columns of the periodic table called?

The vertical columns in the periodic table are called groups.
Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties.
The group number i...

How many groups are in the periodic table?

The periodic table has eight main groups.
For example, group 1 contains very reactive metals such as sodium - Na
while group 7 contains very ...

What are the horizontal rows of the periodic table called?

Periods
Elements in the same horizontal row are said to be in the same period. The periods are numbered from top to bottom.
The period number...

How many periods are in the periodic table?

Seven periods of elements occur naturally on Earth. For period 8, which includes elements which may be synthesized after 2016, is the extended peri...

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Periodic Table
TermDefinition

Periodic table

A chart that organizes the elements by their chemical properties and increasing atomic number

Element

Pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom
A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances

What are the vertical columns of the periodic table called?

The vertical columns in the periodic table are called groups.
Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties.
The group number is the same as the number of electrons in the outer shell of all the elements in the group..


How many groups are in the periodic table?

The periodic table has eight main groups.
For example, group 1 contains very reactive metals such as sodium - Na
while group 7 contains very reactive non-metals such as chlorine - Cl.

What are the horizontal rows of the periodic table called?

Periods
Elements in the same horizontal row are said to be in the same period. The periods are numbered from top to bottom.
The period number is the same as the number of electron shells that are occupied.

How many periods are in the periodic table?

Seven periods of elements occur naturally on Earth. For period 8, which includes elements which may be synthesized after 2016, is the extended periodic table

Who invented the periodic table?

The Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev was the first scientist to make a periodic table similar to the one used today. Mendeleev arranged the elements by atomic mass.

Physical properties

A characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance
eg: melting and boiling points, conduction

Chemical properties

properties that can only be observed when there is a change in the composition of a substance
Characteristic that cannot be observed without altering the substance
eg: reactivity, acidic or alkaline
Chemical properties are determined by the number of outer shell electrons (so the elements in the same group have the same chemical properties)

Noble gases

unreactive nonmetals that are colorless and odorless gases at room temperature
Group 8 inert gases with a full outer shell.

Atomic mass

Number of protons and neutrons

RELATIVE atomic mass Ar

the weighted average of the masses of the isotopes of an element
DEAD FROG

Atomic number

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom