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The Mole: Definition and Use

Chemistry8 CardsCreated 4 months ago

This deck covers key concepts related to the mole as a unit of measurement, Avogadro's number, and the implications of moles in atomic and molecular calculations.

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How many water molecules are in 1 mole of water?

6.022×10^23
A mole is a fixed amount equal to 6.022×10^23, and this is Avogadro's number. Just as there are always 12 to a dozen, there are always 6.022×10^23 to a mole.

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Term
Definition

How many water molecules are in 1 mole of water?

6.022×10^23
A mole is a fixed amount equal to 6.022×10^23, and this is Avogadro's number. Just as there are always 12 to a dozen, there are alwa...

How many molecules are in 3 moles of benzene?

1.807×10^24
-Since a mole is a fixed amount, simply multiply the number of molecules in a mole, 6.022×1023, by the number of moles, 3, in order ...

What will be the mass of one mole of carbon atoms?

12 g
By definition, one atom of carbon has a mass of 12 amu. One mole of carbon atoms has a mass of 12 g.
This is the difference in molar mas...

If we compare a mole of carbon atoms to a mole of oxygen atoms, which sample will contain more atoms?

they will contain the same number of atoms

The number of atoms in one mole of oxygen is equal to the number of atoms in ______ of hydrogen.

one mole
just like a dozen is always equal to twelve, a mole is always equal to 6.022×1023 atoms. This is because, like a dozen, a mole is an ex...

If we compare a mole of carbon atoms to a mole of oxygen atoms, which sample will contain more mass?

oxygen
Since an oxygen atom has more mass than a carbon atom, a mole of oxygen atoms will have more mass than a mole of carbon atoms. However, t...

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The Mole: Definition and Use
TermDefinition

How many water molecules are in 1 mole of water?

6.022×10^23
A mole is a fixed amount equal to 6.022×10^23, and this is Avogadro's number. Just as there are always 12 to a dozen, there are always 6.022×10^23 to a mole.

How many molecules are in 3 moles of benzene?

1.807×10^24
-Since a mole is a fixed amount, simply multiply the number of molecules in a mole, 6.022×1023, by the number of moles, 3, in order to determine the number of molecules in 3 moles.

What will be the mass of one mole of carbon atoms?

12 g
By definition, one atom of carbon has a mass of 12 amu. One mole of carbon atoms has a mass of 12 g.
This is the difference in molar mass and atomic mass. Though they have the same value(in this case, 12) these terms represent different things. Molar mass refers to the mass per mole of substance, and will always have units of gmol, whereas the atomic mass refers mass of one molecule, or formula unit, and will have units of atm.

If we compare a mole of carbon atoms to a mole of oxygen atoms, which sample will contain more atoms?

they will contain the same number of atoms

The number of atoms in one mole of oxygen is equal to the number of atoms in ______ of hydrogen.

one mole
just like a dozen is always equal to twelve, a mole is always equal to 6.022×1023 atoms. This is because, like a dozen, a mole is an exact measurement. For example, if someone tells you they bought a dozen eggs, you know that they bought 12 eggs. Similarly, whether it is a mole of oxygen or a mole of hydrogen, we are talking about 6.022×1023 atoms of each element. Therefore, the number of atoms in a mole of oxygen is equal to the number of atoms in a mole of hydrogen, or any other element.
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If we compare a mole of carbon atoms to a mole of oxygen atoms, which sample will contain more mass?

oxygen
Since an oxygen atom has more mass than a carbon atom, a mole of oxygen atoms will have more mass than a mole of carbon atoms. However, they will have the same number of atoms since 1 mole of any element has 6.022×1023 atoms.

Compare one mole of hydrogen gas with one mole of oxygen gas. They will have:

The same number of atoms and different masses.
-Consistent with its definition as an amount unit, 1 mole of any element contains the same number of atoms as 1 mole of any other element. However, the masses of 1 mole of different elements will differ since the masses of the individual atoms are drastically different.

What unit of measurement pertains to the number of microscopic molecules in a sample?

the mole
-The mole is the unit of measurement that allows for the unit conversion between atomic mass units (amu) and grams (g). The ability to convert units allows for us to calculate macroscopic amounts of matter, while at the same time respecting the stoichiometric ratios of a reaction.