Chemistry /Volumetric Analysis Flashcards
What is meant by a standard solution / standardised solution?
A standard solution is a solution whose concentration is accurately known.
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Term
Definition
What is meant by a standard solution / standardised solution?
A standard solution is a solution whose concentration is accurately known.
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What is a titration?
Reacting the solution with another solution whose concentration is accurately known.
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What is a primary standard?
A substance which is pure, stable with air, has a high molar mass, and can dissolve easily in water to make up a solution of accurately known concentr...
Name examples of a primary standard.
Anhydrous sodium carbonate, hydrated ammonium iron (II) sulfate.
Why is deionised water used instead of regular water?
Tap water contains many different types of ions, these ions interfere in the titration reaction and could affect the end point.
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Why is a base not placed in the burette during a reaction?
Base reacts with plastic tap in burette causing tap to stick and seize up.
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
What is meant by a standard solution / standardised solution? | A standard solution is a solution whose concentration is accurately known. |
What is a titration? | Reacting the solution with another solution whose concentration is accurately known. |
What is a primary standard? | A substance which is pure, stable with air, has a high molar mass, and can dissolve easily in water to make up a solution of accurately known concentration. |
Name examples of a primary standard. | Anhydrous sodium carbonate, hydrated ammonium iron (II) sulfate. |
Why is deionised water used instead of regular water? | Tap water contains many different types of ions, these ions interfere in the titration reaction and could affect the end point. |
Why is a base not placed in the burette during a reaction? | Base reacts with plastic tap in burette causing tap to stick and seize up. |
Why is the pipette and burette rinsed with deionised water followed by the solution they are going to contain before they are ready to use? | They are rinsed with deionised water to clean them. Rinsing with the solution they are going to contain removes any drops of de-ionised water that was in the pipette that would dilute the solution. |
When filling pipettes and burettes with solution, the solution is filled above the mark before being drained out so the bottom of the meniscus rests on the mark. What is the reason for this? | This ensures there are no air bubbles in the pipette or burette and they are entirely filled with solution. |
Why is it important to remove the funnel from the burette before starting the titration? | Any drops of solution remaining in the funnel could fall back into the burette and change the volume of solution being measured. |
What procedures are carried out before the titration begins? | Using a dropper, an indicator is typically added to the solution in the conical flask to give the solution a particular colour. A white tile is placed under the conical flask to more easily detect the colour change that will occur at the end point of the titration. |
What is a titration? | A titration is a method of determining the accurate concentration of a solution of unknown concentration. |
Why is an indicator typically added to the solution in the conical flask before a titration? | When the two solutions have completely reacted, a colour change will be observed, the end point of the titration can be known. |
Why is a white tile placed? | To more easily identify the colour change that will occur at the end point of the titration, end point more easily detected. |
What procedures are followed during a titration to obtain an accurate end point and titre value? | Continuously swirl the conical flask to ensure the two solutions are completely reacting. Use a wash bottle of deionised water to wash down the sides of the conical flask to ensure no drops of the solution coming from the burette are stuck to the sides of the conical flask and all solution released from the burette reacts with the solution in the conical flask. |
Why is it acceptable at this stage to add deionised water to the conical flask despite taking precautions when filling the pipette and burette to exclude deionised water? | The number of moles of solution required is already present in the conical flask and burette and deionised water will not change this. |
What is the end point? | When the two solutions have reacted completely. |
How is the end point detected? | Colour change - usually caused by an indicator. |
Why shouldn't you add too much indicator? | Indicators are acids or bases, adding too much will cause them to take part in the reaction, an inaccurate end result is obtained. |
What is titre value? | The volume of solution added to obtain a colour change. |
What's the advantage of carrying out a rough titration? | Allows a rough titre value to be determined, during next titration, solution can be added quickly close to titre value as you add the solution in drops - a more accurate titre value is obtained. |