Water and Its Properties

Occurs when hydrogen bonds together. This allows water to become more structured. Water molecules that are evaporating from the leaves on plants help pull up new molecules from the roots and ground to help keep the plant supplied with the proper amounts of water.

The clinging of one substance to another. It occurs because the polar bonds allow the water to cling onto other substances. Water adheres to the walls of cells to help counter the downward pull of gravity when water leaves the roots to go to the leaves.

A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid. The hydrogen atoms in water bond to the hydrogen atoms in the air, creating a greater surface tension than most other liquids. This describes how some animals can run, walk, or stand on water.

The amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1 g of that substance to change its temperature by 1 degree Celsius. The specific heat of water is 1 [[#|calorie]] per gram per degree Celsius. Water has a high specific heat because of its hydrogen bonding (heat must be absorbed in order to break hydrogen bonds, and heat is released when hydrogen bonds form). In nature, a large body of water can absorb and store a large amount of heat from the sun, which can later be used to warm up the air as it cools down at night and during the winter. This creates a favorable environment for marine life.

The quantity of heat a liquid must absorb for 1g of it to be converted from the liquid to the gaseous state. To evaporate 1g of water at 25 degree C, about 580 cal of heat is needed. This is another property of hydrogen bonds, which must be broken before the molecule can make a departure from the liquid.

the property of a liquid whereby the surface becomes cooler during evaporation, owing to a loss of highly kinetic molecules to the gaseous state. this contributes to the stability of temperature of lakes and ponds which provides organisms from overheating.

A solute is a substance that is dissolved in a solution.

A solvent is what a solute is dissolved in.

An aqueous solution is a solution in which water is the solvent.

any molecule that has an affinity or an attraction to water

any molecule that has no attraction to water

A substance that constists of particles dispersed through another substance, like smoke.

The hydration shell is the water molecules surrounding a dissolved ion.

Molarity is the amount of solute per each liter of a solution.

An acid is something that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution and a base is something that decreases the hydrogen ion concentration

The pH is measured logarithmically. If pH varies by one it actually varies by 10. So, even a slight change in pH can be harmful to the chemical processes in a cell, killing the cell.