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Analyzing the Effects of Heredity and Environment on IQ: A Statistical Examination of Identical Twins Raised Apart

Examination of genetic vs. environmental influences on intelligence.

Violet Stevens
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Analyzing the Effects of Heredity and Environment on IQ: A StatisticalExamination of Identical Twins Raised ApartEffects of Heredity and Environment on IQ:In studying the effects of heredity andenvironment on intelligence, it has been helpful toanalyze the IQs of identical twinswho wereseparated soon after birth. Identical twins share identical genes. By studyingidentical twinsraised apart, we can eliminate the variable of heredity and betterisolate the effects of theenvironment. The accompanying table shows the IQs of pairsof identical twins (older twins arex) raised apart (based on data from “IQs of IdenticalTwins Reared Apart,” by Arthur Jensen,Behavioral Genetics). The sample data givenhere are typical of those obtained from otherstudies.a.Find the mean and standard deviation of the sample of older twins.b.Find the mean and standard deviation of the sample of younger twins.C.Based on the results from parts (a) and (b), does there appear to be a difference betweenthemeans of the two populations? In exploring the association between IQsof twins, is such acomparison of the two samples means the best approach? Whyor why not?d.Combine all of the sample IQ scores, then use a 0.05 significance level to test theclaimthatthe mean IQ score of twins reared apart is different from the mean IQ of100.e.Is there an association between IQs of twins who were separated soon after birth?What method did you use? Write a summary statement about the effect of heredityandenvironment on intelligence, and note that your conclusions will be based onthis relatively smallsample of 12 pairs of identical twins.x10796103909611386991091059689y11197116107991118510810210510093There aredifferent kinds of measures to measure the intelligence of an individual. The mostimportant one is the IQ. And it is the most commonly and widely used measure of intelligencethus many researches have been done to check how to influence this value.In this section we are considering the IQs of identical twins who were separated soon after birthand using the statistical methods to analyze this data.The older twins are represented as X in the data and younger ones by Y.The obtained descriptive statistics is given below,

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Psychology

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