Athabasca University Nutrition 331 Nursing Diagnosis Final Exam With Answers (73 Solved Questions)

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1/ 8AthabascaUniversityNutrition331Final ExamPrep.1.SixDiseasesthatahighfibrediethelpsprevent:Answer-ColonCancerConstipationDiverticulitisHemorrhoidsGallstonesAppendicitis2.Howdoesahighfibredietpreventdisease:Answer--Increasesfecalbulkandspeedsup transit time through the digestive system so harmful substancesaren't allowedtosit there forlonger.(COLON CA)-Viscousfibrelowersbloodcholesterolandnormalizesbloodglucose.(protectsagainstHEART DISEASE & DIABETES)-Foodswithfibrepreventexcessiveenergyintake(protectsagainstOBESTIY)3.WhatdiseasedoesTransFatcause&how?:Answer-Coronary HeartDisease(CHD);transfatincreasesinthebloodlevelofLDLandlowersHDL.4.Fruits&Vegetablesreducetheriskforwhatchronic diseases?:Answer--Cancer-CardiovascularDiseases(CVD;stoke,heartdisease&HTN)-EyeDisease(MacularDegeneration&Cataracts)-PulmonaryDisease-Lossofcognitive abilityin theelderly

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2/ 85.WhatarethebenefitsofadequateUN-SATURATEDfatintakeforCHDRisk?-:-PolyunsaturatedfatslowerLDLEPA&DHA;-decrease thrombosis and-preventarrhythmias6.FORMULAtoCalculateBMIs&WhoisBMInotappropriate for:Athletes,Pregnantpeople andthe elderly.WEIGHTKG dividedby heightin Mand heightin Magain =BMI7.CalculatetheBMI;Chris73KG&180cmTall:22.58.ListfoodsthatarehighinSodium:soup,cheese,crackers,chips,ketchup,dillpickles,Bun & bagel are large servings making them high in sodium9.Foodhighinfibre:banana,bagelandbunarerefinedbuthavemodestfibredueto large serving size10.Foods highinVitamin D:milk,yogurts11.FoodshighinVitamin A:cheese,skim milk andcream cheese12.FoodshighinsaturatedFats:creamcheese,crackers,cookies(bothtypes),processed cheese, beef patties, potato chips & soups could be high if made withhydrogenatedvegetable oil

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3/ 813.AMDRSforEnergyYieldingNutrients:45-64%Carbs20-35%Fat10-35% Protein14.Whatarevegansoftenlacking?:B12&absorbableironisfoundinmeat,fishandeggs.Calcium & Zinc15.Whyislungcancermorecommoninomnivoresthanvegetarians?:-vege-tarianshavehealthier habitsmaking themlesslikely tosmoke-increasedfruit&vegetablesintakelikelyprotectsagainstdisease16.Whatarethehealthbenefitsofavegetariandiet?&why?:Reducedriskof;CHD, stroke, HTN,Obesity & Cancer. Due to increased Fruit/Veg intake, increasedwholegrains and reducedmeat intake.17.VitaminDsupplementpreventcancer;TorF:True18.Comparison of different countries indicatethat prostate cancer is morecommonwhenthedietislowincereal.Whatdoesthisfindingindicate?:Thisstudyprovesanassociationbutnotcausation.Otherlifestylefactorsassociatedwithcerealcould be responsiblefor the findings.19.How do fish oils affect the risk of CHD?:Fish oils specifically EPA & DHAlowertheriskofCHDbecause;polyunsaturatedfatsdecreaseLDL,decreasethenformationofthrombi,controlarrythmiasandlowerbloodtriglyceridelevels.20.WhatfatsraiseLDLlevels?:SaturatedandTrans21.whatismetabolicsyndrome?:Aclusterofconditionsthatincreasetheriskofheartdisease, stroke and diabetes.Metabolicsyndromeincludeshighbloodpressure,highbloodsugar,excessbodyfataroundthe waistand abnormalcholesterol levels.

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4/ 822.Tolooseonepoundoffathowhowmuchofadeficitisneeded?:3500Kilocalories23.Whatisa healthyamountof weightlossper week?:0.5-1kg24.IncidenceofCHDinBritainanddate:itwashighbeforeWW2thanduetocigarette and foodshortages in declined and increased again after WW2; thusprovingthe relationshipbetween lifestyle andCHD25.How does a diet high in sugar contribute to obesity?:high sugar diets areoftenlowinfibre,encourageovereating&providelesssatietythanhighfibrefoods26.Howdoesfibrepreventtype2diabetes?:Fibre(especiallynonviscous)slowsthe absorption of glucose and prevents spikes in glucose and insulin. Preventingspikesshouldhelp thepancreas normalizeglucoselevels.27.What is the Effect ofIron enhances and Inhibitors on the absorption ofheme&non-heme?:absorptionofhemeisnotaffectedbyinhibitorsorenhancers.

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