Clinical Analysis Final Exam With Answers (143 Solved Questions)

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Question 21 out of 1 pointsCentral obesity, “moon” face, and dorsocervical fat pad are associated with:A.Metabolic syndromeB.UnilateralpheochromocytomaC.Cushing’s syndromeD.None of the aboveQuestion 31 out of 1 pointsAn elderly man is started on lisinopril and hydrochlorhiazide for hypertension. Three dayslater, he returns to the office complaining of left great toe pain. On exam, the nursepractitioner notes an edematous, erythematous tender left great toe. The likelyprecipitant of this patient’s pain is:A.TraumaB.Tight shoesC.Arthritis flareD.HydrochlorothiazideQuestion 41 out of 1 pointsThe most effective treatment of non-infectious bursitis includes:Conservative treatment

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includes rest, cold and heat treatments, elevation, administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatorydrugs (NSAIDs), bursal aspiration, andintrabursalsteroid injectionsQuestion 51 out of 1 pointsWhat conditions must be met for you to bill “incident to” the physician, receiving 100%reimbursement from Medicare?SelectedAnswer:The physician must be on-site and engaged inpatient careAnswers:You must initiate the plan of care for the patientThe physician must be on-site and engaged inpatient careYou must be employed as an independentcontractorYou must be the main health care provider whosees the patientQuestion 61 out of 1 pointsWhich of the following is not a risk factor associated with the development of syndrome Xand type 2 diabetes mellitus?The metabolic syndrome refers to the co-occurrence of several known cardiovascular risk factors,including insulin resistance, obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia and hypertension.Question 71 out of 1 pointsWhich of the following is not a common early sign of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)?A. NocturiaB. Urgency incontinenceC. Strong urinary stream flowD. Straining to voidQuestion 81 out of 1 pointsSteve, age 69, has gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). When teaching him how to

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reduce his lower esophageal sphincter pressure, which substances do you recommendthat he avoid?Food that is very hot or very coldFatty or fried foodsPeppermint or spearmint, including flavoringCoffee, tea, and soft drinks that contain caffeineSpicy, highly seasoned foodsFried food DT caffeine, chocolate and anticholinergicsQuestion 91 out of 1 pointsWhich drug category contains the drugs that are the first line Gold standard therapy forCOPD?Beta antagonistQuestion 101 out of 1 pointsThe most commonly recommended pharmacological treatment regimen for low back pain(LBP) is:NsaidQuestion 111 out of 1 pointsWhich of the following is not appropriate suppression therapy for chronic bacterialprostatitis?ErythromycinQuestion 121 out of 1 pointsA patient presents with dehydration, hypotension, and fever. Laboratory testing revealshyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and hypoglycemia. These imbalances are corrected, butthe patient returns 6 weeks later with the same symptoms of hyperpigmentation,weakness, anorexia, fatigue, and weight loss. What action(s) should the nursepractitioner take?.A Obtain a thorough history and physical, and check serum cortisol and ACTHlevels.B. Perform a diet history and check CBC and FBS.

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C. Provide nutritional guidance and have the patient return in one month.D. Consult home health for intravenous administrationQuestion 161 out of 1 pointsYou are assessing a patient after a sports injury to his right knee. You elicit a positiveanterior/posterior drawer sign. This test indicates an injury to the:heA. lateral meniscusB. cruciate ligamentC. medial meniscusD. collateral ligament.Question 171 out of 1 pointsA 32 year old female patient presents with fever, chills, right flank pain, rightcostovertebral angle tenderness, and hematuria. Her urinalysis is positive for leukocytesand red blood cells. The nurse practitioner diagnoses pyelonephritis. The mostappropriate management is:Include500 mgof oralciprofloxacin(Cipro) twice per day for seven days; 1,000 mg ofextended-releaseciprofloxacinonce per day for seven days; or750 mgoflevofloxacin(Levaquin) once per day for five days.Question 191 out of 1 pointsA middle-aged man presents to urgent care complaining of pain of the medial condyle ofthe lower humerus. The man works as a carpenter and describes a gradual onset of pain.On exam, the medial epicondyle is tender and pain is increased with flexion andpronation. Range of motion is full The most likely cause of this patient’s pain is:epicondylitisQuestion 211 out of 1 points

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The best test to determine microalbuminuria to assist in the diagnosis of diabeticneuropathys to measure albumin in a spot urine sample, collected either as the first urine in the morningor at random, for example, at the medical visit. This method is accurate,:Early morningQuestion 221 out of 1 pointsWhat is the first symptom seen in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease?Tremor at restQuestion 231 out of 1 pointsThe most commonly recommended method for prostate cancer screening in a 55 year oldmale is:digital rectal exams,Question 241 out of 1 pointsMartin, age 24, presents with an erythematous ear canal, pain, and a recent history ofswimming. What do you suspect?Otitis externa/ swimmer’s earQuestion 251 out of 1 pointsWhich of the following symptoms suggests a more serious cause of back pain?Pain associated with lying down at nightQuestion 281 out of 1 pointsA patient taking levothyroxine is being over-replaced. What condition is he at risk for?osteoporosisQuestion 29

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1 out of 1 pointsWhich of the following is the most common cause of low back pain?A.Lumbar disc diseaseB.Spinal stenosisC.Traumatic fractureD.OsteoporosisQuestion 301 out of 1 pointsWhich is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease in the United States?DiabetesQuestion 311 out of 1 pointsA 77-year-old female presents to the office complaining a sudden swelling on her rightelbow. She denies fever, chills, trauma, or pain. The physical exam reveals a non-tenderarea of swelling over the extensor surface over the right elbow with evidence of traumaor irritation. The nurse practitioner suspects:A.ArthritisB.Ulnar neuritisC.Septic arthritisD.Olecranon bursitis

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Question 321 out of 1 pointsA 60 year old female patient complains of sudden onset unilateral, stabbing, surface painin the lower part of her face lasting a few minutes, subsiding, and then returning. Thepain is triggered by touch or temperature extremes. Physical examination is normal.Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?A. fibromyligia or neuro somethingQuestion 331 out of 1 pointsBeth, age 49, comes in with low back pain. An x-ray of the lumbosacral spine is withinnormal limits. Which of the following diagnoses do you explore further?Arthritis, CQuestion 34D1 out of 1 pointsA patient exhibits extrapyramidal side effects of antipsychotic medications. Which of thefollowing symptoms would lead you to look for another diagnosis?high fever (102 to 104 degrees F), irregular pulse, accelerated heartbeat (tachycardia),increased rate of respiration (tachypnea), muscle rigidity, altered mental status, autonomicnervous system dysfunction resulting in high or low blood pressure, profuse perspiration, andexcessive sweating. calledMalignant Hyperthermia” ORNeuroleptic malignant syndromehallucinations.Question 351 out of 1 pointsPhalen’s test, 90°wrist flexion for 60 seconds, reproduces symptoms of:carpal tunnel syndromeQuestion 371 out of 1 pointsThe most common cause of elevated liver function tests is:alcoholQuestion 38

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1 out of 1 pointsReed-Sternberg B lymphocytes are associated with which of the following disorders:A.Aplastic anemiaB.Hodgkin’s lymphomaC.Non Hodgkin’slymphomaD.MyelodysplasticsyndromesQuestion 391 out of 1 pointsWhich of the following is a potential acquired cause of thrombophilia?A.HomocysteinuriaB.Protein C deficiencyC.Factor V LeidenD.AntiphospholipidantibodiesQuestion 411 out of 1 pointsA 75-year-old female is diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism and asks thenurse practitioner what the treatment for this disorder is. The nurse practitionerexplains:Primary hyperparathyroidism is treated with Vitamin D restrictionPrimary hyperparathyroidism is treated with parathyroidectomyPrimary hyperparathyroidism is treated with daily magnesiumPrimary hyperparathyroidism is treated with parenteral parathyroidhormone (PTH)Question 431 out of 1 pointsA 25 year old overweight patient presents with a complaint of dull achiness in his groin

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and history of a palpable lump in his scrotum that “comes and goes”. On physicalexamination, the nurse practitioner does not detect a scrotal mass. There is notenderness, edema, or erythema of the scrotum, the scrotum does not transilluminate.What is the most likely diagnosis?A. Testicular torsionB. EpididymitisC. Inguinal herniaD. VaricoceleQuestion 441 out of 1 pointsDave, age 38, states that he thinks he has an ear infection because he just flew backfrom a business trip and feels unusual pressure in his ear. You diagnose barotrauma.What is your next action?A. Prescribe nasal steroids and oral decongestantsB. Prescribe antibiotic eardropsC. Prescribe systemic eardropsD. Refer David to an ear, nose, and throat specialistA. PrescribeQuestion 461 out of 1 pointsThe physiological explanation of syncope is:Syncope is a transient loss of consciousness (TLOC) due to global cerebral hypoperfusioncharacterized by rapid onset, short duration and spontaneous complete recovery.Question 471 out of 1 points

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A 20 year old male patient complains of “scrotal swelling.” He states his scrotum feelsheavy, but denies pain. On examination, the nurse practitioner notes transillumination ofthe scrotum. What is the most likely diagnosis?hydroceleQuestion 481 out of 1 pointsA 32 year old male patient complains of urinary frequency and burning on urination for 3days. Urinalysis reveals bacteriuria. He denies any past history of urinary tract infection.The initial treatment should be:nclude nitrofurantoin monohydrate/macrocrystals,trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), or fosfomycin.trimethoprim andsulfamethoxazoleQuestion 491 out of 1 pointsDiagnostic radiological studies are indicated for low back pain:Diagnostic imaging is indicated for patients with low back pain only if they have severeprogressive neurologic deficits or signs or symptoms that suggest a serious or specific underlyingcondition. In other patients, evidence indicates that routine imaging is not associated withclinically meaningful benefits but can lead to harms.Question 511 out of 1 pointsAn 81-year-old female is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. When considering drug therapyfor this patient, the nurse practitioner is most concerned with which of the following sideeffects?A.Weight gainB.Fracture riskC.HypoglycemiaD.Weight loss

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Question 531 out of 1 pointsThe diagnosis of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in males is usually made by:The diagnosis of HPV in men is made when external genital warts are seen. The diagnosisof genital warts is made by examination of the lesionsQuestion 541 out of 1 pointsWhich history is commonly found in a patient with glomerulonephritis?upper respiratory tract infection or a skin infection that was caused by thosebacteriaQuestion 551 out of 1 pointsA patient complains of generalized joint pain and stiffness associated with activity andrelieved with rest. This patient history is consistent with which of the following disorders?OsteoarthritisQuestion 561 out of 1 pointsThe most common presentation of thyroid cancer is:is an asymptomaticthyroidmass or a nodule that can be felt in the neck.Question 571 out of 1 pointsThe obligatory criteria for diagnosis of muscular dystrophy (MD) are:Genetic testingto evaluate missing or repeated mutations in the dystrophin gene. Alack of the dystrophin gene can lead to a diagnosis of Duchenne or Becker MD. The test isimportant not only to confirm the MD diagnosis in males but also to determine whetherwomen with a family history of Duchenne or Becker MD may be carriers.4The case forgenetic diagnosis.Accurate diagnosis of the muscular dystrophies is important for patients,their families, and efficient and cost-effective use of medical resources.

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