PETH 410 Midterm

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Martin1st half of chapter one1.What is smooth muscle sometimes called?a. Involuntary muscle2.What is the muscle under conscious control called?a. Skeletal muscle3.What covers the Muscle Fibrea.Endomysium4.Where are the transverse Tubles found?a. The sarcoplasm5.What is the basic functional unit of a myofibril and the basic contractile unit of muscle?a.Sacromere6. What is Nebulin?a.An anchoring protein for actin7.What is considered sometimes as the third myofilamenta.Titin8.What is a a-motor neuron?a.is a nerve cell that connects with and controls many muscle fibers9.A singlea-motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it directly signals are collectivelytermed aa. Motor Unit10. What is the is the theory called for how muscles create movement?a. Sliding filament theoiyAaron2nd half of Chapter one (make the question easy)1.Type 1 and Type 2 muscle fibres differ in theirof contraction. (Speed)2.What enzyme splits ATP to release energy to drive contraction? (myosin ATPase)3.In which type of muscle fiber do cross-bridges cycles occur rapidly ? (Type 2)4.Method of identifying fiber types by chemically separating different types of myosinmolecules (isoforms). (Gel electrophoresis)5.Slow Twitch, Slow Oxidative. (Type 1)6.Why are Type 2 fibres more adept to deliver calcium into the muscle cell whenstimulated? (More highly developed Sarcoplasmic reticulum)7.Titin centers what in the sarcomere and prevents them from overstretching? (Thickfilaments)8.Titin is the third sarcomere myofilament and contributes to? (Force production duringand following eccentric contraction)9.Titin acts as agreatly increasing its stainless and thus force. (Molecular spring)10. Which motor unit has a smaller cell body? (Type 1)11. When a Type 1 alpha motor neuron stimulates its fibers, fewer muscle fibers contractthan when a type 2 motor neuron stimulates its fibers? (True)12. Anns and legs do not have similar fiber compositions (False)

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13. What muscle is the exception and composed of very high percentage of type 1 fibers ineveryone? (Soleus muscle)14. Which type of fiber is efficient at producing ATP from oxidation or carbs and fats? (Type1)15. Which muscle type would a marathon runner use more of? (Type 1)16. In type 2 fibers in what pathway is ATP formed? (Through Anaerobic pathways)17. One of the most advanced methods of studying the human muscle fiber is done bydissecting fibers out of a muscle biopsy and suspending a single fiber between forcetransducers and measuring its strength and single fiber contractile velocity. (True)18.BrianaChapter 9I.Which of the following best defines muscular endurance?A) The maximal force generated in a single repetitionB) The ability to perform repeated muscle contractions or sustain contractions over timeC) The rate of energy released by cellular metabolic processes without oxygenD) The ability to lift a heavy object quicklyII.T/F: Free weights are generally safer and easier to use than machines.III.Thetheory states that training programs must be designed to meet theunique needs and abilities of the individual.Answer:Principle of IndividualityIV.T/F: Eccentric muscle contractions occur while the muscle is shortening.VWhich training principle emphasizes progressively increasing the training stimulus tocontinue making gains?A. Principle of SpecificityB. Principle of VariationC. Progressive OverloadD. Principle of Reversibility

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VI.The maximal amount of oxygen the body can use during intense exercise is calledAnswer:VO2 MaxVILWhich of the following is NOT a way to treat Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS)?A) MassageB) StretchingC) Isometric TrainingD) Light aerobic exerciseVIII.is defined as the maximal force generated in a single repetition or attempt.Answer:StrengthIX.Which type of muscle contraction occurs while the muscle is shortening?A) IsometricB) ConcentricC) EccentricD) IsokineticX.T/F: Detraining occurs faster in cardiovascular fitness than in strength training.Emma1st half of chapter 101.What percent improvement in strength can one expect after 3 to 6 months of resistancetraining?Answer: 25-100%2.What is an increase in muscle size called?Answer: hypertrophy3.What is a decrease in muscle size called?Answer: atrophy

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