Families and Change: Coping With Stressful Events and Transitions Fifth Edition Test Bank

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Chapter 1: Families Coping With Change: A Conceptual Overview
Multiple Choice
1. Disturbance in and pressure on the family system is referred to as
a. Change
*b. Stress
c. Development
d. Fluidity
Answer location: Introduction, p.4
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
2. The earliest studies of stress focused on the impact of stress on
a. Chemical imbalances
b. Individuals’ emotional well-being
*c. On physiological functioning
d. Social well-being
Answer Location: p.4, The Study of Family Stress and Change
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
3. The study of family stress and change evolved to include perspectives from multiple disciplines. An
example of how a perspective conceptualizes stress would be to study the family as they
move through stages of change.
*a. Developmental
b. Psychosocial
c. Environmental
d. Psychological
Answer Location: The Study of Family Stress and Change, p. 5
Question type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
4. In studying stress, conceptualizing the family as a unit who grow and develop within a wider social
system describes a(n)
a. Social learning perspective
b. Psychosocial perspective
c. Developmental perspective
*d. Ecological systems perspective
Answer Location: Family Stress Theory, p. 6
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
5. Reuben Hill’s model of family stress, ABC-X Model, grew out of his work with
*a. Veterans and their families
b. Survivors of natural disasters
c. Survivors of terrorist bombings

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d. Individuals and their families who experienced sudden death of a family member
Answer Location: ABC-X Model, p.6
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
6. Ms. Landau lost another job, her third within 2 years. She feels hopeless and discouraged and decides
that she is just not employable. This is an example of which dimension of family stressor events?
a. Internal vs. external
*b. Perceived insolvable vs. perceived solvable
c. Pervasive vs. bounded
d. Precipitate onset vs. gradual onset
Answer Location: Ten Dimensions of Family Stressor Events (Table 1.1), p. 8
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Application
7. Characteristics of normative stressors include all but
*a. Normative stressors are long term
b. Normative stressors are predictable in the family lifecycle
c. Normative stressors lead to crisis if the family fails to adapt
d. Normative stressors disturb the system’s equilibrium
Answer Location: Stressor Events, p. 9
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
8. James was deployed to Iraq and was reported missing in action. His parents have recently decided to
separate, his youngest sister has been truant for a significant portion of the school year, and in general
they are experiencing extreme stress. This is an example of:
a. An isolated vs. accumulated stressor
b. A clear-cut stressor
c. A developmental stressor
*d. An ambiguous loss stressor
Answer Location: Stressor Events, p. 9
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Application
9. The following is an example of ambiguous loss
a. Being emotionally absent and emotionally lost
b. Being physically present and physically distant
*c. Being emotionally absent and physically present
d. Being physically and emotionally present
Answer Location: Stressor Events, p. 9
Question type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
10. Family resources moderate the impact of a stressor event. This means that:
*a. Resources buffer the impact of stress on a family
b. Resources prevent the family from experiencing stress
c. Resources prevent the family from having the stress turn to crisis

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d. Resources are inconsequential to the level of stress a family experiences
Answer Location: Resources, p. 10
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
11.Cohesion and adaptability are examples of:
a. Couples’ adjustment to change
b. Developmental resources
*c. Family system resources
d. Micro-level resources
Answer Location: Resources, p. 10
Question type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
12. Social support as a resource refers to
a. Support from social service agencies
b. Support from social security
c. Support from the environment
*d. Support from interpersonal relationships
Answer Location: Resources, p. 10
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
13. Research suggests that a family’s a stressor event may be the most
important component in determining an individual’s or family’s response to a stressor event.
*a. Perception of
b. Life stage development at the time of
c. Resources during
d. Environmental context at the time of
Answer Location: Definition of the Event, p. 11
Question type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
14.A parent loses his or her job and feels hopeless. As a result, he or she does not look for another job
because he or she assumes that it will continue to happen over and over again. This is an example of
a. Welfare fraud
b. Resistance
*c. Learned helplessness
d. Poor problem solving
Answer Location: Definition of the Event
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Application
15. Factors that can influence families’ perceptions in a stressful situation include all but
a. Cognitive attributional style
b. Spirituality
c. Culture
*d. Income

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Answer Location, Definition of the Event, p. 11
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
16. The Dowell family has been adjusting to the loss of their youngest child, Lindsay, to cancer. Friends
and family surrounded them all throughout Lindsay’s short illness, and the community held benefits to
help the family with medical costs. Ms. Dowell spoke to a gathering of friends and community members
and said, “We knew that we would get through this hard, sad time because we were not alone and feel
that our bond as a family has been strengthened by this loss”. This belief system is referred to as
a. Fatalistic orientation
b. Strengths perspective orientation
*c. Mastery orientation
d. Spiritual orientation
Answer Location: Definition of the Event, p. 12
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
17. The degree of stress a family experiences as the result of a stressful event depends on
* a. The family’s definition of the stressor event as well as the family’s resources to meet the demands
of the change associated with the stressor
b. The family’s life stage of development and their spiritual orientation
c. The family’s cohesion and adaptability to meet the demands of the stressor event
d. The interaction between the stressor and the timing of the event
Answer Location: Stress and Crisis, p. 13
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
18.______________ is defined as a disturbance in the equilibrium that is overwhelming, a severe
pressure, or a change that immobilizes the family.
a. Trauma
b. Stress
*c. Crisis
d. Fatalism
Answer Location: Stress and Crisis, p. 13
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
19. Mr. Garcia is scheduled to come home from serious abdominal surgery in a week. Although Ms.
Garcia is very worried about her partner and about how she will manage once he is home, she sets out
to find home health care support and meets with the nurse to learn how to care for the wound. This is
an example of which type of coping response
a. Controlling emotions generated by the stressor
*b. Taking direct action
c. Intrapsychic coping strategies
d. Strength focused coping strategies
Answer Location: Coping, p. 14
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Application

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20. Deandre is on probation at work because he has been blowing up at customers when he perceives
that they are pushing him around. He found that when he takes his pain medication left over from an
old injury, the customers’ rudeness doesn’t bother him. As a result, he is much more relaxed at work,
and in fact was complimented on his patience. This is an example of
*a. Controlling emotions generated by the stressor
b. Taking direct action
c. Reframing the problem
d. Finding motivation
Answer Location: Coping, p. 14
Question type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
21. Maladaptive forms of coping include all but
a. Substance use/abuse
b. Violence
c. Overworking
*d. Divorce
Answer Location: Coping, p. 15
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
22. The Lees have always been protective over their children. They adhered to strict rules and schedules
for all their children regardless of age. As Mica turned 15, she began to challenge rules (staying out later
than she was allowed and arguing nonstop with her parents). The most difficult event that happened
was that Mica lied to her parents about staying over at her best friend’s house and instead went to a
party where she got drunk and was taken to the police station when the party was raided. The family
began therapy, which resulted in the Lees negotiating additional responsibilities and freedoms for Mica
and learning new parenting skills for teens. This most closely describes
a. Coping skills
b. Understanding a family’s perceptions
*c. Adaptation
d. Utilizing resources
Answer Location: Adaptation, p. 15
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Application
23. The Double “A” factor of the Double ABC-X model refers to all but
*a. An extreme level of crisis that meets the definition for trauma
b. Unresolved aspects of the initial stressor event
c. Changes and events that occur regardless of the initial stressor
d. Consequences of the family’s efforts to cope with the hardships of the situation
Answer Location: Adaptation, p. 16
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
24. Currently, the field of family stress and crisis focuses on how family protective factors interact with
risk and vulnerability. This focus is referred to as

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a. Family strengths perspective
b. Family systems theory
*c. Resiliency
d. Circumflex perspective
Answer Location: Resiliency, p. 18
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
25. We say that a family is resilient when
*a. Even with risk and vulnerability present, a family can mobilize its protective factors and adapt
b. Even though families have strengths, they have more protective factors to face a crisis
c. Each individual in the family has amazing strengths and when they work together they can achieve
anything
d. The family’s capacity to change is not hampered by the problems they face because their perception
of the stressor event (as manageable) and their resources help the family move toward precrisis
functioning
Answer Location : Resiliency, p.18
Question Type: MS
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
True/False
26. Stressor events are inherently damaging to a family system.
a. True
*b. False
Answer Location: Stressor Events, p., 7
Question Type: TF
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
27. Coping represents what people do in order to deal with a stressor. Coping is therefore an active
process that promotes balance and facilitates growth and unity.
*a. True
b. False
Answer Location: Coping, p. 14
Question Type: TF
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
28. Adaptation is a short-term response or modification by a family that changes the situation only
momentarily.
a. True
*b. False
Answer Location: Adaptation, p. 16
Question Type: TF
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
29. Family stress is considered a dichotomous variable where family crisis is considered a continuous
variable.
a. True

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*b. False
Answer Location: Stress and Crisis, p. 13
Question Type: TF
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
30. If a family successfully negotiates a crisis (and adjusts in a positive way) at one point in time, and
they face a similar crisis 5 years later, they will successfully meet that challenge as well.
a. True
*b. False
Answer Location, Conclusion, p. 19
Question Type: TF
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
31. The impact of change is stressful in family members’ lives and should be avoided at all costs.
a. True
*b. False
Answer location: Introduction
Question type: TF
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
32. Reuben Hill created the ABC-0X Model based on his work with women who had been sexually
abused.
a. True
*b. False
Answer location, ABC-X, p. 6
Question type: TF
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
33. “A” in the ABC-X model represents the stressor event.
*a. True
b. False
Answer location:, ABC-X, p. 6
Question type: TF
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Short Answer:
34. is defined as pressure or tension on the status quo; it is a disturbance of the
family’s steady state.
*a. Family Stress
Answer location: Introduction, p. 4
Question type: SA
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
35. A/n perspective views the individual and family as embedded in several
layers of their environment
*a. Ecological

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Answer location: Ecological, p. 6
Question type: SA
Cognitive Domain Knowledge
36. Regarding the dimensions of a family stressor event, vs gradual onset marks
the degree of suddenness with which the crisis occurred, that is, with or without warning.
*a. Precipitate onset
Answer location: Stressor Events, p. 8
Question type: SA
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
37. Regarding dimensions of a stressor that impact family functioning, unemployment is considered a/n
stressor.
*a. External
Answer location: Introduction
Question type: SA
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
38. A family’s buffer the impact of the stressor event on their level of stress.
*a. Resources
Answer location: Resources, p. 10
Question type: SA
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
39. Following a stressor event, the family’s of the event can vary from viewing it as
unmanageable and too difficult to seeing it as an opportunity for growth.
*a. Perception or meaning
Answer location: Definition of the Event/Perceptions, p. 11
Question type: SA
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Essay
1. What do you see as the major changes that have taken place in the study of family stress, and why do
you think these changes have occurred?
*a. Answers may include:
• Greater geographic mobility
• Stress in the context of physical science
• In the twentieth century, Cannon (l932) laid the foundation for systematic research on the
effects of stress in observations of bodily changes.
• In the social sciences, both sociology and psychology have long histories of study related to
stress and coping. Sociologists Marx, Weber, and Durkheim wrote extensively about
“alienation,” which was conceptualized as synonymous with powerlessness, meaninglessness,
and self-estrangement, clearly under the general rubric of stress (Lazarus & Folkman, l984). In
psychology, stress was implicit as an organizing framework for thinking about psychopathology,
especially in the theorizing of Freud and later psychologically oriented writers. Freudian
psychology highlighted the process of coping and established the basis for a developmental

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approach that considered the effect of life events on later development and gradual acquisition
of resources over the life cycle.
• Advances in technology, industrialization, urbanization, increased population density (including
housing, traffic, and demand on the infrastructures), terrorism, and economic issues are
frequently identified as making daily life more complicated and impersonal. Family roles are
more fluid and diverse than the past, resulting in fewer social norms and supports. Families have
become more diverse as a result of changing family structures (e.g., divorce, single-parent
families, LGBTQ families, remarriage, cohabitation, and intergenerational reciprocity),
immigration, economics (e.g., increased cost of living and two earner families), geographic
mobility, and other macro level factors. In addition to natural disasters (e.g., hurricanes,
tornadoes, earthquakes) and everyday stressors (e.g., accidents, discrimination based on race,
religious beliefs, gender, and sexual orientation), U.S. families are facing the reality of wars
involving American troops overseas. Additionally, contemporary families are experiencing
economic insecurity and stress due to the Great Recession and the severe economic downturn
in the global economy (see Bartholomae & Fox). Fluctuating unemployment rates, sobering
financial losses in pensions, investments, and savings accounts, and the disappearance of
benefits contribute to the financial struggle of individuals and families. Consider the
accumulation of these events and it quickly becomes apparent that stress is a part of everyday
life.
Answer location: 3-5, Introduction
Question type: ESS
Cognitive Domain: Analysis

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Chapter 2: Everyday Hassles and Family Relationships
Multiple Choice
1. Everyday hassles are seen as continuous. Other characteristics may include
*a. That they co-occur with other, more severe stressor events
b. That they increase family flexibility
c. That they give the family opportunity to build protective factors
d. That they decrease vulnerability because a family learns to face them head on
Answer Location: What Are Everyday Hassles?, p. 28
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
2. One reason why everyday hassles are important to consider is that
a. Historically they have appeared less important
*b. Because they are more frequent than severe stressors, they may be more important determinants of
family stress
c. Families don’t often admit that they are a problem
d. While they are not a big concern in general, if they can be ruled out, the more serious stressors can be
analyzed
Answer Location: What Are Every Day Hassles, p. 28
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
3. A random group of research participants was given a list of everyday hassles to rate for how often
they occurred and how severe the hassle had been over the past month.
a. This research was considered exemplary because it captured the complexity of people’s experiences
with this type of stressor
b. This research was conducted by feminist scholars
*c. This research is considered flawed because it demonstrated a lack of ability to capture the
complexity
d. This research is considered to be a qualitative study
Answer Location: Methods for Studying Everyday Hassles and Family Relationships, p. 29
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
4. A single parent who suffers from depression just received a negative evaluation from work, her
second in a row. She goes to pick up her preschooler and immediately gets into power struggles about
putting on his snowsuit. This is an example of how can interact with a parent’s perception of daily
hassles and affect how they adapt to those hassles.
a. Children’s needs
b. Stressor event
*c. Enduring vulnerabilities
d. Family Well-being
Answer location: The Vulnerability-Stress-Adaptation Model, p. 33
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Application

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5. A parent comes home after a long and very stressful day. When she gets home she tells her children
to leave her alone for an hour. The children are frustrated and angry but they turn on the TV. Following
her break from the family, they all have a peaceful, enjoyable evening together. This is an example of
a. Positive chance occurrences
*b. Positive adaptive processes
c. Negative parenting skills
d. Enduring vulnerabilities
Answer location The Vulnerability-Stress-Adaptation Model, p. 32
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Application
6. Women report experiencing everyday hassles
a. Less frequently than men
*b. More frequently than men
c. At the same as men
d. Research is contradictory about gender differences in the frequency of experiencing everyday hassles
Answer location Everyday Hassles, p. 35
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
7. The following is true in terms of the relationship of age to the perception of the hassles in that
a. The younger population (< 60) reported less severe perceptions of hassles than those over 60
*b. The older population (>60) reported less severe perceptions of hassles
c. There is not age difference between older, midlife and young adults
d. The research is not clear whether age is a factor in perception of hassle severity
Answer location Everyday Hassles, p. 35
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Application
8. Everyday hassles have been found to impact family interactions in two different ways including
*a. Increased child/partner conflict and social withdrawal
b. Increased workaholic behaviors and increased time away from the family
c. Child conflict but not partner conflict and time away from the family
d. Increased marital satisfaction and decreased positive time on family activities
Answer Location: Adaptive Processes, p.38
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
9. In a recent study, women’s daily hassles predicted their own well-being and anxiety and
a. Their personal relationship stress
*b. Both partners’ relationship stress
c. It did not predict relationship stress
d. The relationship stress was associated to the anxiety only
Answer Location: Adaptive Processes, p. 39
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

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10. The difference between women’s and men’s experiences as it applies to daily hassles and
relationship stress according to Falconier et al. (2014) is that
a. Men get more anxious and depressed than women, which is associated with higher relationship stress
b. Women’s daily hassles were related to her own relationship stress and not both partners’ relationship
satisfaction
*c. Men’s daily hassles were related to their own relationship stress and not both partners’ relationship
satisfaction
d. There were no gender differences in the association between daily hassles and relationship difficulties
Answer Location: Adaptive Processes, p.39
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
11. When workdays were highly stressful, women and men tended to withdraw from daily home tasks.
A gender difference in how this was managed includes
a. Men would come home late and turn on the TV
b. Husbands would take on the tasks that their stressed wives could not manage but wives would not do
the same for them
*c. Wives would take on the tasks that their stressed husbands could not manage but their husbands
would not the same for them
d. Wives tended to do more child-related chores only when their husbands experienced work stress
Answer Location: Adaptive Processes, p.40
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
12. Wives with satisfying marriages were found to withdraw and express more anger at home following
a stressful day. One possible explanation offered includes
*a. The satisfying relationship actually allowed the wife freedom to express her frustrations
b. The husband would not notice that she was stressed out and so she grew even more frustrated and
showed her anger and withdrawal
c. The relationship quality actually buffered the husband’s ability to handle the children’s needs
d. The satisfying relationship wasn’t as satisfying as the wife reported
Answer Location: Adaptive Processes, p. 40
Question Type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
13. It has become apparent throughout this chapter that mothers, daughters, and wives carry a
disproportionate share of daily household tasks. In response to this, feminists argue for
a. Higher work for higher pay
b. More responsive employment leave policies for working mothers
c. Equality in terms of adaptive processes
*d. Gender equity
Answer Location: Intervention, p. 42
Question type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
14. In order to combat antiquated social policies that do not reflect today’s necessity of dual income
families to make ends meet
a. Employers need to hire more women

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*b. Employers need to allow greater flexibility in work schedules, job sharing, and benefits
c. Employers need to continue to recognize that if workers are motivated to excel, they will make family
arrangements to do so
d. The government alone needs to address gender equity issues
Answer location: Intervention, p. 43
Question type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
15. Everyday hassles emerge because all but the following
a. There is a mismatch between the work environment of the family member and the family’s needs
b. Work places seldom have family friendly policies and this creates constant stressors at home
*c. Because an individual struggles with balancing their academic load
d. Because contemporary families typically have parents experiencing workplace stress and come home
to the tasks associated with raising children
Answer location: Intervention, p. 44
Question type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
16. A commonality that both women and men experience as it applies to everyday hassles is
a. They report experiencing everyday hassles at the same rate
*b. There is no difference in the number of days that women and men experience multiple hassles
c. Women and men both reported hassles involving social networks at the same rate
d. Women and men share household labor equally
Answer location: Everyday Hassles, p. 36
Question type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
17. Mardea comes home after work and is exhausted. She goes straight into her bedroom and shuts the
door and pretty much ignores the children for about a half an hour. Once she emerges, she sits on the
floor and is able to play with the children. This is an example of:
a. An enduring vulnerability
b. A chance occurrence
c. Family structure
*d. An adaptive process
Answer location: The Vulnerability-Stress-Adaptation Model, p. 32
Question type: MC
Cognitive Domain: Application
True/False
1. An important contribution of the vulnerability-stress-adaptation model is that it explains how
stressful events can be linked to relational outcomes.
*a. True
b. False
Answer Location: The Vulnerability-Stress-Adaptation Model, p.31
Question type: TF
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

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2. The ways that families cope prevent daily hassles from impacting family well-being.
a. True
*b. False
Answer Location: The Vulnerability-Stress-Adaptation Model, p. 32
Question Type: TF
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
3. Families that cope with everyday hassles well are said to have positive adaptive processes, which in
turn improve family well-being.
*a. True
b. False
Answer Location The Vulnerability-Stress-Adaptation Model, p. 32
Question Type: TF
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
4. Even though men are spending more time on household chores, women still do twice the amount of
housework as their male partners.
*a. True
b. False
Answer location: Everyday Hassles, p. 36
Question type: TF
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
5. Because the study of daily hassles focuses on home life and work life, financial difficulties are not seen
to impact daily hassles.
a. True
*b. False
Answer location: Everyday Hassles, p. 34
Question type: TF
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
6. If individuals have positive adaptive processes, they tend to manage their daily hassles better.
*a. True
b. False
Answer location: The Vulnerability-Stress-Adaptation Model, p. 32
Question type: TF
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
7. Performing housework and child-care tasks elicited LESS positive reactions from husbands than from
wives because the husbands perceived that they had LESS choice regarding their involvement in these
domains than did the wives.
a. True
* b. False
Answer location: Everyday Hassles, p. 37
Question type: TF
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

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8. Both mothers and fathers have been shown to be less behaviorally and emotionally engaged with
their children following busy workdays
a.*True
b. False
Answer location: Adaptive Processes, p. 39
Question type: TF
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Essay
1. Define what is meant by proximal stressors, and give examples. Why are they important to consider in
the study of family stress?
*a. Answers may include:
• Everyday hassles are the proximal stressors, strains, and transactions of day-to-day life that can
be viewed as common annoyances.
• These events are relatively minor and arise out of routinized daily activities, such as the tasks
involved in maintaining a home, caring for family members, working at a paid job, and
participating in community activities (e.g., Serido, Almeida, & Wethington, 2004). Both
anticipated and unanticipated events constitute daily hassles (Wheaton, 1999).
• First, everyday hassles represent a more frequent and continuous form of stress than the
relatively rare events that constitute major life changes. Because of their frequency, everyday
hassles may be more important determinants of family stress than major, but less frequent, life
events (Repetti & Wood, 1997b; Serido et al., 2004).
• The aggregate effects of everyday hassles have the potential to compromise family and
individual well-being and even increase vulnerability to major life events. Second, hassles are
characterized by relatively minor ongoing stressors that occupy daily living.
Answer Location: What Are Everyday Hassles?, p. 28
Question Type: ESS
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
2. How has research on everyday hassles evolved? Describe how feminist methodologies have advanced
the field.
*a. Answers may include:
• Feminist scholars who have used qualitative methods to study everyday, routinized experiences
within families have also emphasized the multidimensional nature of daily hassles. Focusing on
the routine, gendered experiences of everyday family life, feminist researchers have conducted
in-depth, face-to-face interviews to uncover valuable insights regarding daily hassles. These
studies provide rich sources of information about the nuances of daily family life that include
participants’ own, often quite complex, appraisals of their experiences.
• In addition to underscoring the complex and sometimes contradictory nature of family members’
experiences of daily hassles, a rich history of qualitative research has uncovered routinized
aspects of daily family life previously overlooked by researchers. This body of work directs our
attention beyond the activities typically identified in survey studies to include (a) emotion work
(Dressel & Clark, 1990), (b) kin work (DiLeonardo, 1987), (c) marriage work (Oliker, 1989), (d) the
scheduling of family time (Daly, 1996; Roy, Tubbs, & Burton, 2004), (e) the feeding of the family
(DeVault, 1991), (f) the enactment of family rituals (Oswald, 2000), (g) household labor (Coltrane,

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