General Chemistry, 11th Edition Test Bank

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Chapter01-ChemistryandMeasurementCopyrightCengageLearning.PoweredbyCognero.Page11.Whatisascientifictheory?a.Itisacollectionofexperimentaldata.b.Itisanassertionofscientificfact.c.Itisaguessorconjectureaboutnaturalphenomena.d.Itisafundamentalrelationshipofnature.e.Itisanexplanationofnaturalphenomenathathasundergonesignificanttesting.ANSWER:ePOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.2HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.1-Understandhowthescientificmethodisanapproachtoperformingscience.TOPICS:generalconceptsscientificmethodOTHER:generalchemistry2.Anuntestedexplanationofaseriesofexperimentalobservationsiscalled_____.a.ahypothesisb.atheoryc.alawd.anexperimente.thescientificmethodANSWER:aPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.2HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.1-Understandhowthescientificmethodisanapproachtoperformingscience.TOPICS:generalconceptsscientificmethod3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningexperimentandexplanationis/aretrue?1.Alawisalwaysgivenintheformofamathematicalexpression.2.Onceahypothesispassesoneortwotestsitisconsideredatheory.3.Observationisakeycomponentofthescientificmethod.a.1onlyb.2onlyc.3onlyd.1and2e.1,2,and3

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Chapter01-ChemistryandMeasurementCopyrightCengageLearning.PoweredbyCognero.Page2ANSWER:cPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.2HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.1-Understandhowthescientificmethodisanapproachtoperformingscience.TOPICS:generalconceptsscientificmethod4.Asalinesolutionsimilartothatusedforintravenousdripsismadebydissolving0.45gsodiumchloridein50.00gwater.Whichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningthesalinesolutionandthelawofconservationofmassis/arecorrect?1.Themassofthesalinesolutionisgreaterthanthemassofwater.2.Themassofthesalinesolutionisequaltothecombinedmassofsodiumchlorideandwater.3.Themassofthesalinesolutionisgreaterthanthemassofthesodiumchloride.a.1onlyb.2onlyc.3onlyd.1and2e.1,2,and3ANSWER:dPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.3HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.2-Applythelawoftheconservationofmass.TOPICS:generalconceptsmatter5.A54.0-gsampleofsodiumiscompletelyburnedinairtoformsodiumoxide.Themassofsodiumoxidemustbea.lessthan54.0g.b.greaterthan54.0g.c.equalto54.0g.d.alloftheabove.e.noneoftheabove.ANSWER:bPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.3

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Chapter01-ChemistryandMeasurementCopyrightCengageLearning.PoweredbyCognero.Page3HASVARIABLES:TrueLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.3-Applythelawoftheconservationofmass.(Example1.1)TOPICS:generalconceptsmatter6.Asampleofmagnesiumisburnedinoxygentoformmagnesiumoxide.Whatmassofoxygenisconsumedif74.62gmagnesiumoxideisformedfrom45.00gmagnesium?a.29.62gb.119.62gc.3358.06gd.0.60ge.noneoftheabove.ANSWER:aPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.3HASVARIABLES:TrueLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.2-Applythelawoftheconservationofmass.TOPICS:generalconceptsmatter7.Inacertainchemicalreaction,9.11gofcompoundAisaddedto8.82gofcompoundB.Oncethereactioniscomplete,1.38gofcompoundAand1.61gofcompoundBremain.Whatmassofproductswasproduced?a.20.92gb.7.21gc.14.94gd.7.73ge.2.99gANSWER:cPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.3HASVARIABLES:TrueLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.3-Applythelawoftheconservationofmass.(Example1.1)TOPICS:generalconceptsmatterKEYWORDS:LawofConservationofMassOTHER:generalchemistry8.A7.45gsampleofcalciumcarbonatecompletelydecomposesintocalciumoxide(lime)andcarbondioxidegaswhenheated.If4.17gcalciumoxideisproduced,whatmassofcarbondioxidemusthavebeenformed?a.3.28g

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Chapter01-ChemistryandMeasurementCopyrightCengageLearning.PoweredbyCognero.Page4b.11.62gc.31.10gd.0.56ge.2.48gANSWER:aPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.3HASVARIABLES:TrueLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.2-Applythelawoftheconservationofmass.TOPICS:generalconceptsmatter9.Asampleofcesiumcarbonate,weighing3.80g,requires1.90gofhydrogenbromidegastocompletelydecomposetowater,cesiumbromide,andcarbondioxidegas.Thetotalmassofwaterandcesiumbromideformedis5.20gandnohydrogenbromideorcesiumcarbonateremains.Accordingtothelawofconservationofmass,whatmassofcarbondioxidemusthavebeenformed?a.0.50gb.1.40gc.5.49gd.10.90ge.1.90gANSWER:aPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:moderateREFERENCES:1.3HASVARIABLES:TrueLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.2-Applythelawoftheconservationofmass.TOPICS:generalconceptsmatter10.Sodiumoxidereactswithwatertoproducesodiumhydroxide.Suppose11.1gofsodiumoxideiscombinedwith38.7gofwater.Whenthereactioniscomplete,allthesodiumoxidehasbeenconsumed.Accordingtothelawofconservationofmass,whichisatruestatement?a.Themassofsodiumhydroxideproducedmustequal49.8g.b.Themassofunreactedwatermustequal27.6g.c.Themassofsodiumhydroxideproducedmustequal11.1g.d.Themassofwaterconsumedmustequal11.1g.e.Themassofsodiumhydroxideproducedplusthemassofunreactedwatermustequal49.8g.ANSWER:ePOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:difficult

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Chapter01-ChemistryandMeasurementCopyrightCengageLearning.PoweredbyCognero.Page5REFERENCES:1.3HASVARIABLES:TrueLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.3-Applythelawoftheconservationofmass.(Example1.1)TOPICS:generalconceptsmatterKEYWORDS:LawofConservationofMassOTHER:generalchemistry11.Afteracertainchemicalreactionhascompleted,itisfoundthat19.6gofproductwasproduced.Accordingtothelawofconservationofmass,whichstatementmustbetrue?a.Thetotalmassconsumedofallreactantswas19.6g.b.Themassconsumedofeachreactantwas19.6g.c.Themassofreactantsconsumeddependsonthenumberofreactantspresent.d.Beforethereactionstarted,therewas19.6gtotalofallreactants.e.Beforethereactionstarted,therewas19.6gofeachreactant.ANSWER:aPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:difficultREFERENCES:1.3HASVARIABLES:TrueLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.3-Applythelawoftheconservationofmass.(Example1.1)TOPICS:generalconceptsmatterKEYWORDS:LawofConservationofMassOTHER:generalchemistry12.Thestateofmatterforanobjectthathasbothdefinitevolumeanddefiniteshapeisthea.gaseousstate.b.solidstate.c.mixedstate.d.elementalstate.e.liquidstate.ANSWER:bPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.4HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.4-Compareandcontrastthethreecommonstatesofmatter:solid,liquid,andgas.TOPICS:generalconceptsmatter

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Chapter01-ChemistryandMeasurementCopyrightCengageLearning.PoweredbyCognero.Page6KEYWORDS:statesofmatterOTHER:generalchemistry13.Thestateofmatterforanobjectthathasadefinitevolumebutnotadefiniteshapeisthea.elementalstate.b.gaseousstate.c.mixedstate.d.liquidstate.e.solidstate.ANSWER:dPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.4HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.4-Compareandcontrastthethreecommonstatesofmatter:solid,liquid,andgas.TOPICS:generalconceptsmatterKEYWORDS:statesofmatterOTHER:generalchemistry14.Twotypesofpuresubstancesarea.compoundsandheterogeneoussolutions.b.compoundsandelements.c.elementsandhomogeneoussolutions.d.compoundsandhomogeneoussolutions.e.elementsandheterogeneoussolutions.ANSWER:bPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.4HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.5-Describetheclassificationsofmatter:elements,compounds,andmixtures(heterogeneousandhomogeneous).TOPICS:generalconceptsmatterKEYWORDS:statesofmatterOTHER:generalchemistry15.Asamplethatcannotbeseparatedintotwoormoresubstancesbyphysicalmeansisa.aheterogeneousmixture.b.acompound.

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Chapter01-ChemistryandMeasurementCopyrightCengageLearning.PoweredbyCognero.Page7c.eitheracompoundoranelement.d.anelement.e.ahomogeneousmixture.ANSWER:cPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.4HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.5-Describetheclassificationsofmatter:elements,compounds,andmixtures(heterogeneousandhomogeneous).TOPICS:generalconceptsmatterKEYWORDS:statesofmatterOTHER:generalchemistry16.Asolutionisaa.pureelement.b.puremixture.c.heterogeneousmixture.d.homogeneousmixture.e.purecompound.ANSWER:dPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.4HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.5-Describetheclassificationsofmatter:elements,compounds,andmixtures(heterogeneousandhomogeneous).TOPICS:generalconceptsmatterKEYWORDS:statesofmatterOTHER:generalchemistry17.Whichofthefollowingisamixture?a.ahomogeneoussolutionofsugardissolvedinwaterb.bromine(aliquidwiththeformulaBr2)c.sucrose(tablesugar:theformulaisC12H22O11)d.graphite(anallotropeofcarbon)e.calciumoxide(CaOorlime)ANSWER:aPOINTS:1

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Chapter01-ChemistryandMeasurementCopyrightCengageLearning.PoweredbyCognero.Page8DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.4HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.5-Describetheclassificationsofmatter:elements,compounds,andmixtures(heterogeneousandhomogeneous).TOPICS:generalconceptsmatterKEYWORDS:statesofmatter18.Aclearcolorlessliquidinanopenbeakerwasheatedtoboiling.Theliquidbegantoboilat110°C,andasvaporsescaped,thetemperatureofboilinggraduallyincreasedto115°C,atwhichpointtheheatingwasstopped.Onthebasisofthisinformation,wecansaythatthematerialinthebeakerwasaa.purecompound.b.homogeneoussolution.c.puresubstance.d.pureelement.e.heterogeneoussolution.ANSWER:bPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:moderateREFERENCES:1.4HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.5-Describetheclassificationsofmatter:elements,compounds,andmixtures(heterogeneousandhomogeneous).TOPICS:generalconceptsmatterKEYWORDS:statesofmatterOTHER:generalchemistry19.Heatingacertainpuresolidcompletelydecomposesitintoasolidandagas,eachofwhichisalsoapuresubstance.Whichofthefollowingis/arereasonableconclusionsregardingtheseobservations?1.Thesolidisacompoundandthegasisanelement.2.Atleastoneoftheproductsisanelement.3.Theoriginalsolidisnotanelement.a.1onlyb.2onlyc.3onlyd.1and2e.1,2,and3ANSWER:cPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easy

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Chapter01-ChemistryandMeasurementCopyrightCengageLearning.PoweredbyCognero.Page9REFERENCES:1.4HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.5-Describetheclassificationsofmatter:elements,compounds,andmixtures(heterogeneousandhomogeneous).TOPICS:generalconceptsmatter20.Allofthefollowingareexamplesofmixturesexcepta.supermarketsalt.b.distilledwater.c.softwater.d.hardwater.e.drugstorehydrogenperoxide.ANSWER:bPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:moderateREFERENCES:1.4HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.5-Describetheclassificationsofmatter:elements,compounds,andmixtures(heterogeneousandhomogeneous).TOPICS:generalconceptsmatterKEYWORDS:statesofmatterOTHER:generalchemistry21.Allofthefollowingarehomogeneousmixturesexcepta.sodiumchlorideandpotassiumchloride.b.hydrogengasandchlorinegas.c.sodiumchlorideandpotassiumchloridesolution.d.mercury-zincsolution.e.hydrochloricacidsolution.ANSWER:aPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:moderateREFERENCES:1.4HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.5-Describetheclassificationsofmatter:elements,compounds,andmixtures(heterogeneousandhomogeneous).TOPICS:generalconceptsmatterKEYWORDS:statesofmatterOTHER:generalchemistry

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Chapter01-ChemistryandMeasurementCopyrightCengageLearning.PoweredbyCognero.Page1022.Whichofthefollowingisahomogeneousmixture?a.gasolineb.vegetableoilandwaterc.sugardissolvedinwaterd.AandCe.A,B,andCANSWER:dPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:moderateREFERENCES:1.4HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.5-Describetheclassificationsofmatter:elements,compounds,andmixtures(heterogeneousandhomogeneous).TOPICS:generalconceptsmatterKEYWORDS:statesofmatterOTHER:generalchemistry23.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnotcorrect?a.Thecombustionofmethane(acomponentofnaturalgas)isachemicalchange.b.Themeltingoficeisaphysicalchange.c.Thedissolutionofsugarinwaterisachemicalchange.d.Thedecompositionofsugarintocarbonandwaterwhenmixedwithsulfuricacidisachemicalchange.e.Theevaporationofgasolineisaphysicalchange.ANSWER:cPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.4HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.6-Understandthedifferencebetweenchemicalchanges(chemicalreactions)andphysicalchanges.TOPICS:generalconceptsmatter24.Allthefollowingareexamplesofchemicalchangesexcepta.aging.b.photosynthesis.c.fermentation.d.perspiration.e.respiration.

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Chapter01-ChemistryandMeasurementCopyrightCengageLearning.PoweredbyCognero.Page11ANSWER:dPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.4HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.6-Understandthedifferencebetweenchemicalchanges(chemicalreactions)andphysicalchanges.TOPICS:generalconceptsmatterKEYWORDS:physicalandchemicalchangeOTHER:generalchemistry25.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofachemicalchange?a.alcoholevaporatingb.waterboilingc.skinburninginthesund.iodinevaporizinge.icemeltingANSWER:cPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.4HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.6-Understandthedifferencebetweenchemicalchanges(chemicalreactions)andphysicalchanges.TOPICS:generalconceptsmatterKEYWORDS:physicalandchemicalchangeOTHER:generalchemistry26.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofachemicalchange?a.silvertarnishingb.iodinesublimatingc.alcoholboilingd.sucrosedissolvinge.sodiumchloridemeltingANSWER:aPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.4HASVARIABLES:False

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Chapter01-ChemistryandMeasurementCopyrightCengageLearning.PoweredbyCognero.Page12LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.6-Understandthedifferencebetweenchemicalchanges(chemicalreactions)andphysicalchanges.TOPICS:generalconceptsmatterKEYWORDS:physicalandchemicalchangeOTHER:generalchemistry27.Theboilingofwaterisaa.physicalchangebecausethewatermerelydisappears.b.chemicalchangebecauseheatisneededfortheprocesstooccur.c.physicalchangebecausethegaseouswaterischemicallythesameastheliquid.d.chemicalandphysicalchange.e.chemicalchangebecauseagas(steam)isgivenoff.ANSWER:cPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:moderateREFERENCES:1.4HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.6-Understandthedifferencebetweenchemicalchanges(chemicalreactions)andphysicalchanges.TOPICS:generalconceptsmatterKEYWORDS:physicalandchemicalchangeOTHER:generalchemistry28.Whichofthefollowingisachemicalpropertyofcopper?a.Itiseasilymalleable.b.Itmeltsat1085°C.c.Itconductselectricity.d.Itsdensityis8.92g/cm3.e.Itdissolvesincertainacids.ANSWER:ePOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.4HASVARIABLES:TrueLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.7-Distinguishbetweenchemicalproperties,andphysicalproperties.TOPICS:generalconceptsmatterKEYWORDS:physicalandchemicalproperties

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Chapter01-ChemistryandMeasurementCopyrightCengageLearning.PoweredbyCognero.Page13OTHER:generalchemistry29.Allthefollowingarecharacteristicpropertiesofphosphorus.Whichoneisachemicalproperty?a.Whenexposedtoair,whitephosphoruswillburnspontaneously,butredphosphoruswillnot.b.Redphosphorusandwhitephosphorusaresolidallotropicforms.c.Thewhiteformissolubleinliquidcarbondisulfidebutisinsolubleinwater.d.Theredformofphosphorusisinsolubleinbothwaterandcarbondisulfide.e.Theredformmeltsatabout600°C,andthewhiteformmeltsat44°C.ANSWER:aPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.4HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.7-Distinguishbetweenchemicalproperties,andphysicalproperties.TOPICS:generalconceptsmatterKEYWORDS:physicalandchemicalpropertiesOTHER:generalchemistry30.Thetermthatisrelatedtothereproducibility(repeatability)ofameasurementisa.accuracy.b.qualitative.c.quantitative.d.precision.e.property.ANSWER:dPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.5HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.8-Defineandusethetermsprecisionandaccuracywhendescribingmeasuredquantities.TOPICS:generalconceptsmeasurementKEYWORDS:accuracyandprecisionOTHER:generalchemistry31.Thepropertyofaseriesofrepeatedmeasurementsthatismostdirectlyrelatedtoprecisionisa.thenumberofplaceholdersineachmeasurement.b.thereproducibilityofeachmeasurement.c.theexactnessofeachmeasurement.

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Chapter01-ChemistryandMeasurementCopyrightCengageLearning.PoweredbyCognero.Page14d.theaccuracyofeachmeasurement.e.thenumberofsignificantfiguresineachmeasurement.ANSWER:bPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.5HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.8-Defineandusethetermsprecisionandaccuracywhendescribingmeasuredquantities.TOPICS:generalconceptsmeasurement32.Thefigurebelowrepresentsthebull’seyetargetforanarcher.Theblackdotsrepresentwherethearcher’sarrowshit:Howcanthisarcherbedescribed?a.precisebutnotaccurateb.neitheraccuratenorprecisec.accurateandprecised.accuratebutnotprecisee.cannotbedescribedfromthedatapresentedANSWER:aPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.5HASVARIABLES:TrueLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.8-Defineandusethetermsprecisionandaccuracywhendescribingmeasuredquantities.TOPICS:generalconceptsmeasurement33.Whichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningaccuracyandprecisionis/arecorrect?1.Itispossibleforaseriesofmeasurementstobebothpreciseandinaccurate.2.Accuracyisameasureofhowclosemultiplemeasurementsaretoeachother.3.Themoresignificantfiguresinameasurementthemoreaccuratethemeasurement.

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Chapter01-ChemistryandMeasurementCopyrightCengageLearning.PoweredbyCognero.Page15a.1onlyb.2onlyc.1and2d.2and3e.1,2,and3ANSWER:aPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:moderateREFERENCES:1.5HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.8-Defineandusethetermsprecisionandaccuracywhendescribingmeasuredquantities.TOPICS:generalconceptsmeasurementNOTES:NEW34.Twostudentsdeterminedthevolumeofaglasscontainerthreeseparatetimes(seetablebelow).Thetruevolumeofthecontaineris24.20mL.Whichstatementcorrectlydescribesthestudents’results?StudentAStudentB24.3mL24.89mL24.4mL24.87mL24.5mL24.88mLa.StudentA’sresultsarethemostaccurate.StudentB’sresultsarethemostprecise.b.StudentA’sresultsarethemostaccurateandprecise.c.StudentB’sresultsarethemostaccurateandprecise.d.StudentA’sresultsarethemostprecise.StudentB’sresultsarethemostaccurate.e.Theprecisionandaccuracyofthetwodatasetsareidentical.ANSWER:aPOINTS:1DIFFICULTY:easyREFERENCES:1.5HASVARIABLES:FalseLEARNINGOBJECTIVES:GENE.EBBI.13.8-Defineandusethetermsprecisionandaccuracywhendescribingmeasuredquantities.TOPICS:generalconceptsmeasurement35.Thenumberofsignificantfiguresin7.3748×10–1dmisa.5.b.6.c.3.

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