Investigating Social Problems 1st Edition Test Bank

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Javier Treviño , Investigating Social Problems Instructor Resource
Chapter 1: Sociology and Social Problems
Multiple Choice
1. ___________________ can be defined as any set of persons cooperating together to
organize stable patterns of human activity.
A. Social problem
B. Social institution
C. Social structure
D. Social constructionism
E. Social organization
Ans. B; pg 4
2. All of the following are examples of social institutions EXCEPT:
A. Government
B. Marriage
C. Military
D. Education
E. Demographic factors
Ans. E; pg 4
3. Which of the following occupations would be considered working class?
A. Professor
B. Architect
C. Factory worker
D. Teacher
E. Pharmacist
Ans. C; pg 5
4. Which of the following would be an example of a pattern or behavior that is a social
problem?
A. Prescription drug abuse among teenagers
B. Hurricane Sandy
C. A student regularly arriving to class late
D. High unemployment rates
E. A corrupt politician
Ans. A; pg 6

Javier Treviño , Investigating Social Problems Instructor Resource
5. ___________________ can be defined as the social process by which people define a
social problem into existence.
A. Social problem
B. Social institution
C. Social structure
D. Social constructionism
E. Social organization
Ans. D; pg 8
6. ___________________ can be defined as a social condition, event, or pattern of
behavior that negatively affects the well-being of a significant number of people (or a
number of significant people) who believe it needs to be changed or ameliorated.
A. Social problem
B. Social institution
C. Social structure
D. Social constructionism
E. Social organization
Ans. A; pg 6
7. A ___________________ can be defined as collective efforts to realize social change
in order to solve a social problem.
A. Social movement
B. Social institution
C. Social structure
D. Social constructionism
E. Social organization
Ans. A; pg. 8
8. ___________________ can be defined as a pattern of interrelated social institutions.
A. Social problem
B. Social organization
C. Social structure
D. Social constructionism
E. Social organization
Ans. C; pg 8

Javier Treviño , Investigating Social Problems Instructor Resource
9. The __________ is a form of self-consciousness that allows us to go beyond our
immediate environments (of family, neighborhood, work) and understand the major
structural transformations that have occurred and are occurring.
A. Social problem
B. Social organization
C. Social structure
D. Social constructionism
E. Sociological imagination
Ans. E; pg 9
10. Which of the terms below allows us to see the intersection between history and
biography?
A. Social lens
B. Social movement
C. Social structure
D. Social construction
E. The sociological imagination
Ans. E; pg 9
11. Researchers interested in the objective aspects of social problems are most likely to
use _____________________ methods.
A. Quantitative
B. Qualitative
C. Primary
D. Secondary
E. Subjective
Ans. A; pg 10
12. Researchers interested in the subjective aspects of social problems are most likely to
use _____________________ methods.
A. Quantitative
B. Qualitative
C. Primary
D. Secondary
E. Objective
Ans. B; pg 10

Javier Treviño , Investigating Social Problems Instructor Resource
13. Which of the following research methods ask respondents to answer questions on a
written questionnaire?
A. Survey research
B. Participant Observation
C. Qualitative research
D. Content analysis
E. Secondary source analysis
Ans. A; pg 10
14. Jennifer Silva’s research on the lives and feelings of working class men and women
can best be characterized as _________.
A. Survey research
B. Quantitative research
C. Qualitative research
D. Content analysis
E. Secondary source analysis
Ans. C; pg 10
15. Which of the following research methods involve observing people in their everyday
settings?
A. Survey research
B. Quantitative research
C. Experimental research
D. Content analysis
E. Participant observation
Ans. E; pg 11
16. Shamus Rahman Khan observed the day-to-day life of students, teachers, and service
staff to study how an elite New England boarding school educates students from wealthy
families. This is an example of:
A. Survey research
B. Quantitative research
C. Experimental research
D. Participant observation
E. Interviewing
Ans. D; pg 11
17. Which of the following research methods involve asking respondents as series of
questions on the phone or in person?

Javier Treviño , Investigating Social Problems Instructor Resource
A. Survey research
B. Quantitative research
C. Qualitative research
D. Interviewing
E. Participant observation
Ans. D; pg 12
18. Which of the following research methods involve a combination of quantitative and
qualitative approaches.
A. Survey research
B. Content analysis
C. Mixed methods research
D. Interviewing
E. Participant observation
Ans. C; pg 12
19. A collection of related concepts is called a(n) _____.
A. Social problem
B. Research statement
C. Abstract description
D. Theory
E. Methodological approach
Ans. D; pg 13
20. Which sociological theory considers how various social phenomena work to maintain
unity and order in society?
A. Structural functionalism
B. Conflict theory
C. Symbolic interactionism
D. Feminist theory
E. Integrative theory
Ans. A; pg 13
21. Viewing society as an integrated system made up of different social institutions
working together to keep it going best illustrates which theoretical approach?
A. Structural functionalism
B. Conflict theory
C. Symbolic interactionism

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Javier Treviño , Investigating Social Problems Instructor Resource
D. Feminist theory
E. Integrative theory
Ans. A; pg 13
22. Which sociological theory focuses on dissent, coercion, and antagonism in society?
A. Structural functionalism
B. Conflict theory
C. Symbolic interactionism
D. Feminist theory
E. Integrative theory
Ans. B; pg 14
23. Karl Marx’s theory that people in capitalist society are primarily divided into two
antagonistic social classes is an example of ________.
A. Structural functionalism
B. Conflict theory
C. Symbolic interactionism
D. Feminist theory
E. Integrative theory
Ans. B; pg 14
24. Ralf Dahrendorf’s theory that those with power give orders and those without power
take orders, leading to tensions between interests groups, is an example of _______.
A. Structural functionalism
B. Conflict theory
C. Symbolic interactionism
D. Feminist theory
E. Integrative theory
Ans. B; pg 15
25. Which theory depicts society as the product of words, gestures, and objects that are
given meaning by people in their interactions?
A. Structural functionalism
B. Conflict theory
C. Symbolic interactionism
D. Feminist theory

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Javier Treviño , Investigating Social Problems Instructor Resource
E. Integrative theory
Ans. C; pg 15
26. ______ is a process by which we are able to see ourselves in relationship to others.
A. The social self
B. The mirror image
C. The symbolic self
D. The functional self image
E. The integrative self
Ans. A; pg 16
27. Charles Horton Cooley’s concept that we see ourselves as we think others see us is
known as _____________________.
A. The social self
B. The mirror image
C. The symbolic self
D. The looking glass self
E. The integrative self
Ans. D; pg 16
28. _____ is the social process whereby a false definition of the situation brings about
behavior that makes the false definition “come true.”
A. Self fulfilling prophecy
B. Symbolic interaction
C. Signification theory
D. Self defeating prophecy
E. Symbolic marginalization
Ans. A; pg 16
29. In his classic study on the social problem of suicide, Émile Durkheim found that
suicide rates are primarily influenced by __________________.
A. social integration and social regulation
B. social integration and social unity
C. social regulation and social repression
D. social integration and social dysfunction
Ans. A; pg 17

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Javier Treviño , Investigating Social Problems Instructor Resource
30. Which type of suicide occurs when a society has too little social integration?
A. Egoistic
B. Anomic
C. Fatalistic
D. Altruistic
Ans. A. pg 17
31. Which type of suicide occurs when a society has too much social integration?
A. Egoistic
B. Anomic
C. Fatalistic
D. Altruistic
Ans. D; pg 17
32. Which type of suicide occurs when a society has too little social regulation?
A. Egoistic
B. Anomic
C. Fatalistic
D. Altruistic
Ans. B; pg 18
33. Which type of suicide occurs when a society has too much social regulation?
A. Egoistic
B. Anomic
C. Fatalistic
D. Altruistic
Ans. C; pg 18
34. Sociologist David Karp’s assertion that people develop a definition of themselves as
depressed as they move through stages of redefinition of the self is an example of a
____________.
A. Structural functionalism
B. Conflict theory
C. Symbolic interactionism
D. Feminist theory

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Javier Treviño , Investigating Social Problems Instructor Resource
E. Integrative theory
Ans. C; pg 18
35. A ___________________ can be defined as a total transformation in the structure of
society.
A. Social problem
B. Social institution
C. Social structure
D. Social revolution
E. Social policy
Ans. D; pg 19
True or False
36. The labor market is a social institution.
Ans. True; pg 4
37. Members of the millennial generation are less likely to live with their parents as
young adults than 18-24 year olds in the 1960s.
Ans. False; pg 4
38. Race is not considered a demographic characteristic.
Ans. False; pg 4
39. Most social scientists agree there are five social classes in the
United States
Ans. False; pg 5
40. Income affects social class but wealth does not.

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Javier Treviño , Investigating Social Problems Instructor Resource
Ans. False; pg 5
41. Most working class Americans have jobs in manufacturing or the service
economy.
Ans. True; pg 5
42. A large collection of people must define something as a problem for it to be
considered a social problem.
Ans. True; pg 6
43. The sociological imagination requires one to make connections between personal
troubles and public issues.
Ans. True; pg 9
Short Answer and Essay
44. What is intersectionality? Pick a social problem and explain why it is important to
look at this problem form an intersectional perspective. How might our
understanding of this problem be limited if we did not take an intersectional
approach?
Ans. Intersectionality is the way demographic factors combine to affect people’s
experiences. Answers will vary based on example. (page 5)
45. What is a social problem? Discuss examples of each of the following types of
social problems: social condition, event, and pattern of behavior.
Ans. A social problem as a social condition, event, or pattern of behavior that
negatively affects the wellbeing of a significant number of people (or a number of
significant people) who believe it needs to be changed or ameliorated. Answers will
vary based on the examples chosen. (pages 6-7)

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Javier Treviño , Investigating Social Problems Instructor Resource
46. What is the difference between the objective and subjective aspects of a social
problem? Pick a social problem discussed in class and explain the difference
between the objective and subjective aspects of this problem.
Ans. Objective aspects are the concrete measures of the problem and its prevalence.
Subjective aspects are shaped by what people define as a social problem.
The rest of the answer will vary based on example. (pages 6-7)

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Javier Treviño , Investigating Social Problems Instructor Resource
Chapter 2: Poverty
Multiple Choice
1. Defining poverty based on annual income is an example of a __________ measure of
poverty.
A. absolute
B. relative
C. means tested
D. subsidiary
E. oppositional
Ans. A; pg 29
2. Defining poverty by comparing a person to others in the same society is an example
of a __________ measure of poverty.
A. absolute
B. relative
C. means tested
D. subsidiary
E. oppositional
Ans. B; pg 29
3. All of the following are examples of means tested safety net programs EXCEPT:
A. The Social Security Act
B. Temporary Assistance to Needy Families
C. Supplemental Assistance Nutrition Program
D. Women, Infants, and Children Program
E. The National School Lunch Program
Ans. A; pg 33
4. This program provides reduced cost meals for students between 130% and 180% of
the poverty line.
A. The Social Security Act
B. Temporary Assistance to Needy Families
C. Supplemental Assistance Nutrition Program
D. Women, Infants, and Children Program

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Javier Treviño , Investigating Social Problems Instructor Resource
E. The School Lunch Program
Ans. E; pg 33
5. According to Karl Marx, class is primarily based on:
A. income and occupation
B. a combination of wealth and income
C. ownership of the means of production
D. a combination of wealth and status
E. income and political power
Ans. C; pg 35
6. According to Max Weber, social stratification is primarily based on:
A. income and occupation
B. a combination of class, status, and power
C. ownership of the means of production
D. a combination of wealth and status
E. income, race, and political power
Ans. B; pg 36
7. Social mobility is best defined as:
A. the transition from immigrant to citizen
B. the transition from one occupation to another
C. the change that occurs when a person transitions from seeing poverty as
functional to seeing it as dysfunctional
D. the movement from one social class to another
E. the movement from high school to college
Ans. D; pg 36
8. Which of the following sociological perspectives states that social inequality is
necessary and inevitable?
A. Functionalism
B. Conflict theory
C. Symbolic interactionism
D. Feminist theory
E. Structuralism
Ans. A; pg 40

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Javier Treviño , Investigating Social Problems Instructor Resource
9. According to Max Weber, all of the following would be examples of status
EXCEPT:
A. Race
B. Religion
C. Gender
D. Income
E. Sexuality
Ans. D; pg 35
10. Ben’s family was very poor growing up, but was considered middle class by the
time he reached the age of 18. This is an example of:
A. social stratification
B. social status
C. social mobility
D. social transmission
E. social power
Ans. C; pg 36
11. Mary believes that she is poor because she feels inferior, powerless and lacks
work ethic. Mary’s beliefs best characterize:
A. Lewis’s culture of poverty thesis
B. Gans’s ideas about the functions of the poor
C. Weber’s ideas about class status, and power
D. Moore’s ideas about welfare dependency
Ans. A; pg 43
12. A janitor earns less than a school principal. Functionalist sociologists might
argue this difference in income:
A. ensures that the most talented people hold the most important jobs
B. prevents the social mobility of janitors
C. creates unnecessary divisions of income and power
D. makes it more likely principals will exploit janitors
Ans. A; pg 40

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Javier Treviño , Investigating Social Problems Instructor Resource
12. The culture of poverty thesis is very similar to:
A. Functionalist theory
B. Labeling theory
C. Social mobility theory
D. Social status theory
E. Conflict theory
Ans. B; pg 43
13. Bob believes that there is a difference between the “deserving” and “undeserving”
poor and that only the “deserving” poor should receive government assistance.
Bob’s view best illustrates:
A. Functionalist theory
B. Social mobility theory
C. Social status theory
D. Conflict theory
E. Labeling theory
Ans. E; pg 44
14. Karl Marx argued that when we care more about the things we buy than the labor
necessary to create these things we:
A. fetishize commodities
B. alienate works
C. engage in dialectical materialism
D. weaken the capitalist system
Ans. A; pg 44
15. Joe works in an automobile assembly plant. He has no say in what types of cars
are made or how the cars are made. This is an example of:
A. labeling theory
B. the culture of poverty
C. alienation
D. dialectical materialism
E. idealism
Ans. C.; pg 44

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