MICN Hemotology Pretest With Answers (127 Solved Questions)

Preview (5 of 15 Pages)

100%

Purchase to unlock

Loading page image...

MICN Pretest Study Guide1.Define 3 Body Fluid Compart-ments1. Extracellular - body fluid outside thebody's cell2. Intracellular - body fluid inside thebody's cell3. Intravascular - body's fluid outsidethe body's cell and within the circula-tory system.2.Define OsmosisMovement of Fluid across semi-per-meable membrane from lesser soluteto greater solute concentration. Dilutesconcentrations back to homeostasis3.Define DiffusionExchange of gases across a mem-brane4.Describe Fluid Shift when admin-istered IV: Isotonic, Hypertonic,Hypotonic1. Isotonic - no fluid shift due to sameconcentration of blood stream.2. Hypertonic - fluid drawn into in-travascular space from cells.3. Hypotonic - fluid enters cell due todecreased osmotic pressure and de-creased concentration.5.2 Requirements of cellular func-tionOxygen and Glucose6.What electrolyte predominates in-tra-cellularPotassium7.What electrolyte predominates ex-tra-cellularSodium8.Electrolyte that moves out duringdepolarizationPotassium, while sodium moves in viathe "sodium potassium pump"9.Anaerobic Metabolism and its endproductcellular metabolism that occurs WITH-OUT oxygen, producing lactic acid10.1 / 15

Loading page image...

Aerobic Metabolism and its endproductcellular metabolism that occurs WITHoxygen, producing carbonic acid11.4 electrolytes for normal bodyfunctioning1. sodium - attracts water for hydration2. potassium - transmission of electri-cal impulse, too much or too little caus-es dysrhythmias.3. calcium - cardiac and skeletal mus-cle contractions, and nervous impulsetransmission4. bicarbonate - buffers excess acidsand is released by kidneys12.Results of abnormal levels ofpotassiumelectrical instability and DYSRHYTH-MIAS13.Define Stroke Volumeamount of blood pumped by the heartin one contraction (Normal is 80ml)14.Define Cardiac Output1. amount of blood pumped by heart inone minute (normal 5-6 Liter).2. Stroke Volume x Heart Rate = Car-diac Output15.Define Ventricular DiastoleRELAXATION of ventricles16.Define perfusionadequate blood supple to tissue andorgan17.Atrial Kickoccurs at end of systole, extra "kick" ofblood into the ventricles. If lost in rapida-fib or SVT, there is decrease of SV orCO by 30%18.Starling's LawOver-stretching of ventricles can wors-en contractility like a worn out rub-ber-band19.Define InotropyForce of Contraction (contractility)2 / 15

Loading page image...

20.Define ChronotropyHeart Rate21.Define AtherosclerosisBLOCKAGE in the blood vesselscaused by plaque deposits22.Define IschemiaTissues lack of adequate perfusion ofblood23.Define Angina PectorisChest pain caused by ischemia24.Define Myocardial InfarctionDeath of Cardiac Muscle Tissuecaused by ischemia25.Define Preloadamount of blood delivered during di-astole, dependent on venous return.Greater Preload, greater the strokevolume26.Define Afterloadresistance against which ventriclesmust contract, determined by peripher-al vascular resistance.27.QRS Complex on EKGContraction of heart muscle28.T Wave on EKGResting phase or repolarization29.2 valves that open during systolewhen ventricles contractAortic and Pulmonic Valves30.2 valves that open in diastole whenventricles filltricuspid and bicuspid (mitral)31.State if Coronary Artery Perfusionoccurs during systole or diastoleDiastole (when heart is not contract-ing)32.Changes in Heart Rate affect Car-diac Outputif rate is too slow or too fast, diastolicfilling time will be altered decreasingstroke volume and cardiac output33.3 / 15

Loading page image...

Changes in Atrial kick affect Car-diac Outputif atrial kick is lost, approximately 20%less blood is supplied to ventricles. Atri-al Kick is lost with a-fib/flutter and SVT34.Changes in Venous Return affectCardiac Outputif less blood returns to the heart, lesscan be pumped out of the body35.Changes in contractility affect Car-diac Outputif contractility is reduced, the heartmuscle becomes less efficient, result-ing in decreased stroke volume andcardiac output.36.Arteries and their functionsComponent of circulatory system withthick muscular wall, high pressure, car-ry blood away from the heart, and con-stricts and dilates37.Veins and their functionscomponent of circulatory system withthin muscular wall, carry blood towardsthe heart, low pressure system, andhave one way valves that constrict anddilates38.Capillaries and their functionsone cell thick, cannot dilate or con-strict, allows for exchange of oxygenand CO2 by diffusion.39.how to evaluate capillary refill andwhat does delayed signify.applies pressure to nailed, delayed >2seconds signifies impaired circulation40.What is minimal systolic bloodpressure to perfuse the coronarysystem?60 mm Hg41.Identify 2 indicators of effectiveCPR1. Ventilations - chest rise2. Compressions - pulse generated42.3 situations when CPR may be in-terruptedPulse check (5-10 seconds), during in-tubation (30 seconds), transportationdifficulties.4 / 15

Preview Mode

This document has 15 pages. Sign in to access the full document!

Report

Study Now!

Document Details

Related Documents

PETH 410 Midterm

EPI Notes

Understanding Hemodialysis Patient Guide and Meal

Newborn Assessment Critical Thinking Map

Maternal Health Theory and Applications

Gynecological Exam

Navigating the Difficulties of Addressing Intricat

Cardiovascular 2 Handout

NCLEX Key Concepts

Understanding EKG Rhythms and Pacemaker Care NCLEX

Company

Explore

Study Tools