PSY281 Case study 13 Schizophrenia

Learn about schizophrenia risk in twins, early symptoms like delusions and hallucinations, diagnosis, and the impact of medication adherence through Lucas's story, highlighting challenges in managing this mental disorder.

Daniel Miller

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1.What are the statistics for development of schizophrenia among identical twins?If one identical twin develops schizophrenia, there is a 48% chance that the other twin willdo the same. If the twins are fraternal, the second twin has a 17% chance of developing thedisorder.2.What were three of Lucas's initial symptoms that signaled a mental disorder?Lucas became delusional "that he had special powers.' Hefelt hecould control other people'semotions and behavior and began to believe he could guide characters on television to move inways they ordinarily would not.Lucasthenbegan to believe he hada"life force" in his breath andhecould influence peoplethrough his brea±ing.Lucas began to believe that people were talking about him behind his back and that they knewabout his 'special powers.' He started smoking marijuana, which increasedhisdelusions.Lucas began having hallucinations (hearing voices) and became increasingly confused aboutwhat was happening to him.3.What w as the diagnosis Lucas received after he w as hospitalized?schizophrenia4.Why did he stop taking his medication and what symptoms returned when hestopped takiug his medication?Lucas did not like the side effects of the medications. They made him "tired and dizzy." Within acouple of weeks of discontinuing his medications his hallucinations, intense anxiety, andconfusion returned.

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5.Explain Dr. Hart's theory of the diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia.Dr. Serkin explained that certain individuals may have a predisposing vulnerability(diathesis) to schizophrenia, but the risk of developing the disorder was affected by the degree ofstress in their environment.6.Describe the combination of biomedical and behavioral therapy used by Dr. Hart.This program includes 5 behavioral training modules designed to teach basic skills inareas where patients with the disorder are often lacking: medication and symptom management,grooming and self-care, recreation, job finding, and basic conversational skills. The approachalso engages the patient as a collaborator in the treatment program.7.What are some abnormalities in the brains of individuals with schizophrenia?Brain scans indicate that people with schizophrenia have a dysfunction of the brain circuit thatincludes -he prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus, striatum, and substantia nigraS.How do antipsychotic drugs w ork to reduce the symptoms of schizophrenia? Whatare some of the downsides of using these medications?Antipsychotic medications work by altering brain chemistry to help reduce psychotic symptomslike hallucinations, delusions and disordered thinking. They can also help prevent thosesymptoms from returning (EetterHealth). Antipsychotics can also cause a side effect that'sessentially a state that resembles that of Parkinson's disease (self)9.Why are the newer second-generation antipsychotic drugs usually preferred overthe earlier first-generation antipsychotic drugs?

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Psychology

PSY281 Case study 13 Schizophrenia

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