Public and Private Families: An Introduction 7th Edition Test Bank

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1
Student: ___________________________________________________________________________
1. The general trend of Americans' attitudes toward the unmarried has been from an attitude of
__________ to an attitude of __________.
A. non-acceptance; acceptance
B. neutrality; non-acceptance
C. non-acceptance; neutrality
D. neutrality; tolerance
2. In the United States there appears to have been a broad cultural shift in the values Americans
hold most dear. The general trend has been from an emphasis on ________ to _________.
A. personal relationships; obligations
B. parenting; employee relationships
C. personal growth; service to others
D. parenting; self-fulfillment
3. ______________ individualism can best be described as a style of life that emphasizes the
development of ones own feelings and emotional satisfaction.
A. individual
B. utilitarian
C. expressive
D. emotional
4. The best term to describe the attitude of many Americans toward marriage and family in the
2000s is
A. reluctance.
B. ambivalence.
C. intolerance.
D. confusion.

5. The ___________ can be described as the tendency to obtain public goods by allowing others to
do the work of providing them.
A. boundary problem
B. externality problem
C. utilitarian problem
D. free rider problem
6. The primary family unit in Western nations is
A. the nuclear family living in the vicinity of extended kin.
B. the small, household-based single parent living with his or her children.
C. the small, household-based family of parents and children.
D. the small, household-based family of two adults.
7. In 2004, the state of _______________ became the first state to legalize same-sex marriage,
joining the countries of Canada, Spain, Belgium and the Netherlands.
A. New York
B. Massachusetts
C. Vermont
D. California
8. If you were concerned with the way families discipline their children, handle their disagreements,
or share their affection, you would be focusing on the
A. public family.
B. sexually based primary relationship.
C. external family.
D. private family.
9. An adult child who takes care of elderly parents—shopping and cooking for them, taking them to
doctors, and so on—is producing a ___________.
A. negative externality.
B. private good.
C. public good.
D. mediocre externality.

10. Of the following, which group would not fit the definition of a public family?
A. A gay man caring for a partner with AIDS
B. A childless married couple with no dependents
C. A lesbian couple jointly raising a child born to one of them
D. A divorced mother and her children
11. Sociologists generally do not use experiments to prove or disprove relationships between two
factors since ______ is seldom possible.
A. hypothesizing
B. data collection
C. observation
D. randomization
12. A social institution emphasizes
A. the history of the family as a social institution.
B. people's personalities and their interactions with other family members.
C. the rules, roles, and relationships in families.
D. economic influences on the family.
13. Those most likely to view marriage as a socially constructed institution organized to maintain
male dominance most likely subscribe to the principles of
A. feminist theory.
B. conflict theory.
C. postmodern perspective.
D. exchange theory.
14. If you want to determine how a family is adjusting to the daily expectations and changes of
remarried life with children, the most effective sociological theory to employ would be
A. post modern perspective
B. conflict.
C. symbolic interaction.
D. feminism.

15. To conduct ___________ studies, researchers may join the group they are interested in and live
with them for a period of time.
A. survey questionnaire
B. experimental
C. random sample
D. observational
16. While the public family is about __________, the private family is about __________.
A. caretaking and dependency/nurturing and intimacy
B. outsiders/insiders
C. government interference/husband and wife family unit
D. image and the media/the day-to-day living of family life
17. From a(n) _______ perspective, people are viewed as rational beings who decide whether to
exchange goods or services by considering the benefits they will receive, the costs they will incur,
and the benefits they might receive if they chose an alternative course of action.
A. exchange perspective
B. functionalist perspective
C. symbolic interactionist perspective
D. postmodern perspective
18. According to the __________ perspective personal identity and choices become more important
and more often reflected upon.
A. symbolic interactionist
B. postmodern
C. reflexivity
D. functionalist perspective
19. Most people have used the __________ perspective in thinking about families throughout most of
history.
A. optimist
B. functionalist
C. private
D. public

20. A gay person caring for an HIV-positive partner is fulfilling a function of the ________.
A. private family
B. alternative family
C. public family
D. diversity defenders
21. Gender, the characteristics distinguishing men and women from each other, is thought to
originate from __________ defined roles, according to feminist theorists.
A. biologically
B. culturally
C. scientifically
D. naturally
22. Today, most Americans view the family as a(n) _________ institution.
A. private
B. traditional
C. public
D. economic
23. A state in which family members are unsure of who is and who is not in the family is referred to
as
A. assigned kinship
B. created kinship
C. boundary ambiguity
D. a public family

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24. Matching Quiz
1. systematic, organized series of steps toward
studying family and other issues to ensure as
much objectivity and consistency as possible;
theory that has been useful in studying
families gender ____
2. benefits or costs that accrue to others when
an individual or business produces something
George H.
Mead ____
3. one adult or two adults related by marriage,
partnership, or share parenthood who take
care of dependents, and the dependents
themselves
family as a
social institution ____
4. perspective that focuses on personal identity
and choice public family ____
5. set of roles and rules that defines the family children ____
6. one of the notable public goods produced by
families
postmodern
perspective ____
7. social and cultural characteristics that
distinguish women and men in a society public goods ____
8. major figure in symbolic interaction theory externalities ____
9. two or more individuals who maintain an
intimate relationship that they expect will last
indefinitely (with children, until the children
reach adulthood), live in the same household,
and pool their income and household labor private family ____
10. things that may be enjoyed by people who
do not produce them
scientific
method ____
25. Most Americans still want to marry but have less of a need to do so in the 2000s.
True False
26. Many Americans agree with both traditional and modern beliefs about family life.
True False
27. One disadvantage of survey research on family is the limited information that can be gathered.
True False
28. Reflexivity is the process where individuals take in knowledge, look carefully at it, and alter their
behavior as a result of it
True False

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29. There are strong similarities between American families and families in other Western nations.
True False
30. Research evidence demonstrates that our biological makeup creates predispositions toward
some behaviors and away from others, especially with respect to gender behaviors.
True False
31. According to the postmodern perspective, the late modern era is characterized by constrained
choices and lives similar to those of our grandparents.
True False
32. How does the traditional view of family differ from that of the modernist viewpoint? Specifically,
what does each view say about family change, what is a limitation of each view, and what would
each view suggest as a solution to current family issues?
33. Postmodern perspective advocates and feminist perspective advocates would argue that no
social scientist can conduct completely objective research. Why is this so?
34. Explain how some positive externalities involve the production of what are called public goods.

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35. Why is the definition of family important in social, legal, and economic terms?
36. Using knowledge gained from reading Cherlin, list the costs and benefits for a woman, a man,
and a one-year-old child in a family where both adults work full time outside the home. In making
such a list, what theoretical perspective in sociology would you be using?
37. Name the major methods that sociologists use to study families. Describe ONE of these
methods.
38. How does created kinship differ from assigned kinship? Give a concrete, realistic example of
each.

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43. Explain the current social security system in this country in terms of the free rider problem.
44. Name and briefly explain three of the classical social theories relating to the study of the family.
45. How do attractive and acceptable alternatives to marriage, such as lifelong singlehood or
cohabitation, change the importance of marriage within our culture?
46. Explain the connection between American individualism and the increasing tolerance of
progressive views of marriage and the family.

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47. Choose one of the following topics and outline the steps needed to analyze this topic
scientifically:
Age at first marriage and chance of divorce
Teenage drinking and driving
Effects of divorce on children's achievement in school
Link between child abuse and violent adult behavior
Effect of family structure on childhood achievement
Religion and duration of marriage
Class and age at first marriage
Educational level and income

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1 Key
1.
(p. 6)
The general trend of Americans' attitudes toward the unmarried has been from an attitude of
__________ to an attitude of __________.
A. non-acceptance; acceptance
B. neutrality; non-acceptance
C. non-acceptance; neutrality
D. neutrality; tolerance
Cherlin - Chapter 01 #1
2.
(p. 34)
In the United States there appears to have been a broad cultural shift in the values Americans
hold most dear. The general trend has been from an emphasis on ________ to _________.
A. personal relationships; obligations
B. parenting; employee relationships
C. personal growth; service to others
D. parenting; self-fulfillment
Cherlin - Chapter 01 #2
3.
(p. 7)
______________ individualism can best be described as a style of life that emphasizes the
development of ones own feelings and emotional satisfaction.
A. individual
B. utilitarian
C. expressive
D. emotional
Cherlin - Chapter 01 #3
4.
(p. 9)
The best term to describe the attitude of many Americans toward marriage and family in the
2000s is
A. reluctance.
B. ambivalence.
C. intolerance.
D. confusion.
Cherlin - Chapter 01 #4

Loading page 13...

5.
(p. 12)
The ___________ can be described as the tendency to obtain public goods by allowing others
to do the work of providing them.
A. boundary problem
B. externality problem
C. utilitarian problem
D. free rider problem
Cherlin - Chapter 01 #5
6.
(p. 17)
The primary family unit in Western nations is
A. the nuclear family living in the vicinity of extended kin.
B. the small, household-based single parent living with his or her children.
C. the small, household-based family of parents and children.
D. the small, household-based family of two adults.
Cherlin - Chapter 01 #6
7.
(p. 5)
In 2004, the state of _______________ became the first state to legalize same-sex marriage,
joining the countries of Canada, Spain, Belgium and the Netherlands.
A. New York
B. Massachusetts
C. Vermont
D. California
Cherlin - Chapter 01 #7
8.
(p. 13)
If you were concerned with the way families discipline their children, handle their
disagreements, or share their affection, you would be focusing on the
A. public family.
B. sexually based primary relationship.
C. external family.
D. private family.
Cherlin - Chapter 01 #8

Loading page 14...

9.
(p. 10)
An adult child who takes care of elderly parents—shopping and cooking for them, taking them
to doctors, and so on—is producing a ___________.
A. negative externality.
B. private good.
C. public good.
D. mediocre externality.
Cherlin - Chapter 01 #9
10.
(p. 12)
Of the following, which group would not fit the definition of a public family?
A. A gay man caring for a partner with AIDS
B. A childless married couple with no dependents
C. A lesbian couple jointly raising a child born to one of them
D. A divorced mother and her children
Cherlin - Chapter 01 #10
11.
(p. 19)
Sociologists generally do not use experiments to prove or disprove relationships between two
factors since ______ is seldom possible.
A. hypothesizing
B. data collection
C. observation
D. randomization
Cherlin - Chapter 01 #11
12.
(p. 33)
A social institution emphasizes
A. the history of the family as a social institution.
B. people's personalities and their interactions with other family members.
C. the rules, roles, and relationships in families.
D. economic influences on the family.
Cherlin - Chapter 01 #12

Loading page 15...

13.
(p. 26)
Those most likely to view marriage as a socially constructed institution organized to maintain
male dominance most likely subscribe to the principles of
A. feminist theory.
B. conflict theory.
C. postmodern perspective.
D. exchange theory.
Cherlin - Chapter 01 #13
14.
(p. 23-24)
If you want to determine how a family is adjusting to the daily expectations and changes of
remarried life with children, the most effective sociological theory to employ would be
A. post modern perspective
B. conflict.
C. symbolic interaction.
D. feminism.
Cherlin - Chapter 01 #14
15.
(p. 20)
To conduct ___________ studies, researchers may join the group they are interested in and
live with them for a period of time.
A. survey questionnaire
B. experimental
C. random sample
D. observational
Cherlin - Chapter 01 #15
16.
(p. 16)
While the public family is about __________, the private family is about __________.
A. caretaking and dependency/nurturing and intimacy
B. outsiders/insiders
C. government interference/husband and wife family unit
D. image and the media/the day-to-day living of family life
Cherlin - Chapter 01 #16

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